Eng: The purpose of this thesis is to find a valid answer to the question: “How did the US presidents contribute to the transformation of digital diplomacy in the USA?”. The study focused on the concept of digital diplomacy and aimed to... more
Eng: The purpose of this thesis is to find a valid answer to the question: “How did the US presidents contribute to the transformation of digital diplomacy in the USA?”. The study focused on the concept of digital diplomacy and aimed to build a novel conceptual framework around it in first chapter. This framework includes all aspects of digital diplomacy, actors, tools and effects. The main goal in this section is to contribute to theoretical studies in the scholarly literature, where practice precedes theory by presenting a new conceptual framework. The second chapter focuses on the transformation of digital diplomacy in the United States. It particularly concentrates on the United States; because; it is usually viewed as "pioneer and leader" in the relevant literature. The effects of presidents on this transformation were examined in a historical context with a special focus on the Obama and Trump administrations during which the US digital diplomacy rose to its zenith.
TR: Bu tez, “Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde başkanlar, ülkede gerçekleşen dijital diplomasi dönüşümüne nasıl katkı sağlamışlardır?” sorusuna bir yanıt bulmak amacıyla yazılmıştır. Bu soruya yanıt aranırken ilk olarak dijital diplomasi kavramı üzerinde durulmuştur. Bu amaçla yeni bir bakış açısıyla bir kavramsal çerçeve oluşturulmaya çalışmıştır. Bu kavramsal çerçevenin içinde dijital diplomasiye dair tüm yönler, aktörler, araçlar, yarattığı dönüşüm, incelenmiştir. Bu bölümdeki asıl hedef, yeni bir kavramsal çerçeve sunarak, pratiğin teoriden önde gittiği bu alanda teorik çalışmalara bir katkı sunabilmektir. İkinci bölümde ana odağı oluşturan Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nde dijital diplomasinin dönüşümünün nasıl gerçekleştiği anlatılmaya çalışılmıştır. Literatürde, “öncü ve lider” ülke olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Asli aktör olarak ABD başkanlarına yer verilmiş ve başkanların bu dönüşüme etkileri incelenmiştir. Bölümün başında köken tartışmalarından başlayarak bir zaman çizelgesi yaratılmıştır. Başkanlık dönemlerine göre tarihsel süreç içinde başkanların dijital diplomasinin dönüşümüne katkıları incelenmiştir. Özellikle, dijital diplomasinin zirveye ulaştığı Obama ve Trump dönemleri detaylı incelemeye tabi tutulmuştur.
Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak worldwide, the European Union has played a key role in providing significant assistance to member states and third countries. This chapter explores the transformative role of European Union diplomacy... more
Since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak worldwide, the European Union has played a key role in providing significant assistance to member states and third countries. This chapter explores the transformative role of European Union diplomacy practices in countering digital information. Through eDiplomacy, the EU’s external affairs policy accelerates through the ePlatform system around the world. Since the beginning of the pandemic, the EU has been continuously in contact with the world’s leaders through the use of the virtual platform to accelerate political, social and economic relations. During the pandemic period, EU diplomacy focuses on providing all the medical assistance and economic support needed to many countries. During the pandemic, diplomacy has faced numerous storm clouds. This chapter theory the transformation of diplomatic practices as a change resulting from the confrontation with the time of virtual reality. This is theoretically exciting beyond the context of the digitisation of diplomacy, as such practices offer insight into how institutional change reflects elements of both rational design and virtual evolution. The research also analyses to understand the digitisation of diplomacy to strengthen political and economic relations via a case study of the EU eDiplomacy.
The Internet revolution has affected all aspects of life, including International relations. Diplomacy as a tool of foreign policy has also being transformed by this revolution. This paper examines the concept of digital diplomacy,... more
The Internet revolution has affected all aspects of life, including International relations. Diplomacy as a tool of foreign policy has also being transformed by this revolution. This paper examines the concept of digital diplomacy, focusing on the use of digital media in the field of diplomacy and how countries are utilizing these tools in the pursuit of their foreign policies. It examines the opportunities and challenges these media offer for diplomatic activities, and argues that countries cannot afford to be left behind in this era of digital diplomacy as they can greatly benefit from these emerging diplomatic trends. Digital diplomacy and Internet activities as a whole can greatly assist in projecting a state's foreign policy positions to domestic and foreign audiences.
Public diplomacy activities, whose practitioner and target audience are human, have turned into a machine-centered system. The main focus of machine-centered public diplomacy is based on artificial intelligence technology. The use of... more
Public diplomacy activities, whose practitioner and target audience are human, have turned into a machine-centered system. The main focus of machine-centered public diplomacy is based on artificial intelligence technology. The use of artificial intelligence in public diplomacy activities, as in other fields, includes the discussion of impact and ethics. Literature reviews show that studies in the field of public diplomacy mostly analyze concepts, institutions, actors and actions. In this article, the use of artificial intelligence in public diplomacy activities are analyzed within the framework of ethical and impact problematic. Public diplomacy literature has been classified in the context of human communication. The analysis is shaped on two pillars. first, the "control", "audit", "security", and "ethical context" that is at the center of the AI discussions. second, in the context of the "effect of action", which is the subject of debate in public diplomacy studies. As a result of the research, it is seen that the use of artificial intelligence in public diplomacy actions includes problems such as lack of legal and intellectual infrastructure, audit and control dilemma. Another result is the uncertainty of the source and target audience, and the emergence of the problem of technological determinism.
