E-Science

In this paper the thesis is submitted that the study of China (indeed of each and every country) is wrongheaded in its methodology and should be fundamentally redesigned. Readers are kindly requested to notice that the author distinguishes between two kinds of 'China experts': 1) Those (tacitly) claiming to be knowledgeable about everything related to China, a - thank God - dying but by no means extinct breed of scholars mainly active in Europe; and 2) Those not CLAIMING to be China experts (that is, those eventually admitting not to be scientific all-rounders with respect to the country) but - and herein lies the crux of the matter -  not shying away from entering, without announcement or permission, a domain outside their own field of expertise, SHOULD THEY HAVE ONE! Many American and other 'China experts' can be blamed for this. 'China expert' is a misnomer, grossly (and dangerously) misleading politicians, captains of industry and the general public, as the author argues at length in the paper, which sums up a great deal of his research over the last few years. Scientists (e.g. demographers, economists, sociologists, psychologists, political scientists, jurists, linguists, literary theorists/critics and 'Kunst- und Kulturwissenschaftler') may have research interest in a particular, their discipline related aspect of China; they can never be justifiably called 'China experts'. Throughout the article, particularly in the text under the subheading Scientific Collaboration, the necessity (and possibility!) of academic teamwork is emphasised, that is to say, the need for interdisciplinary (as distinct from multidisciplinary) research of China. The political, legal, military, economic, financial, social, educational, ecological, religious and other kindred affairs of China are inextricably intertwined, forming together a complex system of complex systems. Consequently, the country should be studied (as it has never been done!) by specialists closely working together and being aware of the historical as well as the geographical dimension of their 'material objects' (explananda). Briefly, the paper pleads for gaining EMPIRICALLY AND THEORETICALLY BASED knowledge of CHINA AS SUCH.

In a digital information processes, the replica of life cycle are shaping the method and the way the learners’ study. In a bigger system, part of the things that will be represented in the life course is the Model, like the research process, through a chain of sequentially interconnected stages or phases in which information is manipulated or produced. This paper presents and discusses methods and ways in which the life cycle approach offers insight into the relationships among the stages and activities in research, especially in the field of technology evolution, like e-Science. And this paper will also present an idea and concept how this research life cycle in e-Science will affect the Philippine community. An understanding of this viewpoint may contribute further insight into the function of e-science in the larger picture of methodical and scientific research.

"In the Younger Dryas (YD) the circum-North Atlantic region returned to near glacial conditions, widely attributed to the release of fresh water from the Laurentide Ice Sheet (LIS). Hudson Strait was a major outlet for fresh water, icebergs, and
sediment from the LIS that deposited Heinrich (H) layers throughout the North Atlantic. Heinrich layer 0 (H0), the YD equivalent ice-rafting event, has been reported to be absent in deep water seaward of the mouth of Hudson Strait. We have identified meter-thick H0 carbonate-rich sediments of YD age seaward of Hudson Strait as nepheloid-flow deposits and as turbidites on the northeast Sohm Abyssal Plain. Otherwise, H0 is generally absent in cores from the Labrador Basin. The thick proximal H0 bed indicates an important supply of fresh water through the Hudson Strait outlet of the LIS during the YD. The sparse distal sediment distribution and values in the planktonic foraminiferal δ18O in the Labrador Sea, less depleted than during H1, were probably the result of the position of the ice margin, duration of freshwater discharge, and dilution of freshwater signature with the ambient seawater during H0. This change is interpreted to result from differences in the retreat of the ice margin at the mouth of Hudson Strait, resulting in different
styles of sediment and freshwater transport during the H0 compared to earlier H events."

North Atlantic climate is very sensitive to overturning in the Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian (GIN) Seas, overflow of deep water into the North Atlantic via the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland Ridge, and compensating northward flow of warm surface water. Physical models suggest that, in the absence of such overturning, oceanic heat transport to the northern hemisphere is reduced by as much as 50%, open North Atlantic sea surface temperatures are up to 6°C lower, and the winter sea-ice limit migrates as far south as 45°N. Although simulations of the equilibrium climate state for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) suggest the absence of GIN Seas overflow, tests of these model results have been hampered by ambiguity in sedimentary proxies. Here we present a bottom water neodymium (Nd) isotope record from the Rockall Trough to investigate changes in the sources of circulating waters over the last 43 kyr. Today and throughout most of the Holocene, water from the GIN Seas, along with water from the North Atlantic Current (NAC) entrained during overflow, sets the bottom water Nd isotope composition of the Rockall Trough to around -10. Our results suggest the persistence of this scenario back into the LGM and beyond to mid-Marine Isotope Stage 3. Periodic radiogenic excursions punctuate the record at times of meltwater events, implying either continued GIN Seas overflow without NAC entrainment, or millennial-scale interruptions in the overflow and shoaling of Southern-Sourced Water (SSW). We conclude that overflow was at least intermittently present during the LGM, if not continuous, and that the GIN Seas has remained a source of deep water to the North Atlantic during the last glacial cycle.

In the realm of physics - digitized Information has been highly instrumental in advancing black hole thermodynamics, quantum information theory and M-theory. The fate of Information in physical reality (both fine and course grained) has been the topic of the 20-year “Black Hole War”. These scientific roles of Information focus on basic notions, binary digits and Information-entropy. More ambitious claims have been made concerning complexity and structure, at the expense of clarity in the proposed Information measures. From Cybernetics to Digital Physics and biology, notions of emergence and complexity that aim to redefine scientific worldview are tied in with information processing.
The issues of quantified Information quality are co-extensive with the limits of the new info-computational vocabulary, its ability to depict the world in a way that can sustain scientific sense. The drive towards productive scientific discourse looks for standards of quantifying Information on different levels of processing, in dynamic processes and static structures; in artificial and natural systems; in networked, multi-actor schemes and in the behavior of single quanta.
Understanding the trajectory of science depends on identifying the contours of Information-laden scientific discourse – the invisible standards and the explicit search for Information measures, their application in natural systems and their philosophical underpinnings. Information Quality is at the core of this task.

El artículo introduce el concepto de E-Ciencia y su importancia en la generación del conocimiento. Plantea, además, la necesidad de transferir dicho conocimiento; ante esto, la Escuela de Bibliotecología y Ciencias de la Información de la Universidad de Costa Rica podría acudir a medios como la revista electrónica E-Ciencias de la Información. Se explica el porqué se optó por la modalidad de publicación electrónica y se describe la estrategia de desarrollo, la arquitectura de diseño y los requerimientos tecnológicos. El artículo concluye que las publicaciones electrónicas han penetrado con fuerza en el mundo académico y son cada vez más citadas, por lo que su aporte como vehículos de difusión del conocimiento es innegable.

The article introduces the concept of E-Science and its importance in the generation of knowledge. This article also stresses the need to transfer that knowledge, before this, the School of Library and Information Science at the University of Costa Rica could gothrough such means as the online magazine E-Ciencias de la Información. It explains why we chose the form of electronic publication and describes the development strategy, architecture design and technological requirements. The article concludes that electronic publications have penetrated hard in the academic world and are increasingly cited, so that their contribution as vehicles for dissemination of knowledge is undeniable.

Modem biological research is data intensive and relies on an efficient informatics infrastructure. Research on the genetic control of embryo development involves large volume image data requiring significant computing resources for reconstruction, mapping and analysis. This poster describes a demonstrator for delivering secure and transparent access to high-performance computing to the laboratory workbench using Grid technologies, in this case for 3D reconstruction from OPT microscopy.

Статья посвящена проблемам больших научных данных, генерируемых в среде э-науки, и актуальным вопросам их решения. В результате применения э-науки было зафиксировано значительное увеличение объема научных данных, которые собираются, хранятся и передаются в ходе научной деятельности. Использование интернета вещей, приложений киберфизических систем и, соответственно, возросшие потоки данных сделали необходимым приблизить обработку данных к источникам их генерации в целях реализации режимов реального времени и сокращения нагрузок на коммуникационные сети. В статье анализируются проблемы децентрализованной обработки научных данных с использованием новейших технологических решений. Были исследованы и представлены технологии облака, тумана, росы и блокчейна в этом направлении