Equator

A new series of measurements including global and UV radiation was initiated in 1994 at Penang. These high quality data were used to study diurnal and seasonal variations. The mean daily total UV-B and global radiation is about 1.43×104 J and 1.77×107 J, respectively. Maximum radiation values for both the UV-B and global radiation are received in March and September. The daily total global radiation shows a bigger seasonal variation than UV-B radiation. On clear days, the erythemal UV radiation flux is in the high or extreme range for about 5 h beginning at around 1030 hours throughout the year. Penang (5.3°N) and Natal (6°S) are found to exhibit similar daily maximum erythemal UV irradiance values. A simple empirical relationship for the noontime UV-B flux and global irradiance in the equatorial/tropical regions has been established.

Abstract:

The law aims to achieve the common good and ensure the rights of citizens. Within this institutional framework, justice is the supreme value that seeks to ensure the competent authority. When we could say that a draft law is framed in the field of justice and Natural Law? Finding an answer requires going back to the fundamental principles that have given rise to any legal drafting. And behind these principles is the person, the final recipient of the order. The written policy is not based, at least, it should be well-on chance, opportunism or ideology. It’s an imperative for sound reason to return again and again about the ultimate grounds of all rule of law, and from this legal-metaphysical analysis of all legal proposal: in this case, presented by the Draft Law on Communications, of such social importance.

Resumen:

El ordenamiento jurídico se propone alcanzar el bien común y garantizar los derechos de los ciudadanos. Dentro de este marco institucional, la justicia es el valor supremo que procura garantizar la autoridad competente. ¿Cuándo es posible decir que un proyecto normativo está enmarcado en el ámbito de la justicia y el Derecho Natural? Encontrar una respuesta requiere remontarse a los principios fundamentales que han dado origen a toda formulación jurídica. Y detrás de tales principios se encuentra la persona, destinatario final del ordenamiento. La norma escrita no se funda -por lo menos, no debería ser así- en el azar, el oportunismo o las ideologías. Es un imperativo de la sana razón volver una y otra vez sobre los fundamentos últimos de todo Estado de Derecho, y desde esta perspectiva jurídico-metafísica analizar toda propuesta legal: en este caso, la presentada a través del Proyecto de Ley Orgánica de Comunicación, de tanta trascendencia social.

Kototabang, Padang Panjang and Sicincin city are area in the West part of Indonesia and they are relative in the equator line. Otherwise, three of these cities have difference of behaviors of rainfall for Monsoon. In this study, we were used EAR Data, which were including the rainfall Kototabang, Padangpanjang, and Sicincin. Base on this data (i.e EAR data) in Kototabang, there is monsoon in 8-18 km layer and the higher monsoon is in 14 km layer during the April 2002-April 2006 period. Analisis Power Spectral Density (PSD) and Transformasi wavelet were shown that Monsoon oscillation around 12 months. While vertical profile was presented that the stronger monsoon will be in the wet weather on January. The domination of wind in Kototabang city is South Wind, it is because the wind took water vapor mass from South to North. According to analysis of rainfall in Kototabang, Padangpanjang and Sicincin City, meridional wind in the the Sicincin has rainfall pattern the same as with monsoon....