Flatness

Title: Rolling mill optimization using an accurate and rapid new model for mill deflection and strip thickness profile. Authors: Malik, Arif Sultan. ... Origin: UMI. Comment: Publication Number: AAI3269535; ISBN: 9780549089186 ; Advisor: Grandhi, Ramana V. ...

During and after rolling or flattening of metal strips and plates the permissible deviations from flatness are described by the permissible absolute wave height and the flatness index. Both values can be determined on a measuring table while the material is not subjected to global tension. Because this procedure is expensive, time‐consuming and allows measurement only at discrete positions along the strip length, on‐line flatness measuring systems are used which can detect the distribution of longitudinal tensile stresses distributed across the strip width allowing for the calculation of the flatness index. This value does not always agree with the value obtained directly by measuring on the table even when the measurement of the longitudinal tensile stress distribution operates perfectly. It can be shown that the measurement of the tensile stress distribution does not give a direct indication on the wave height in the tension‐free state determined on the measuring table.To explain ...

Entre los códigos socioculturales que permean en la sociedad japonesa, Kawaii es uno de los motores económicos tanto para el mercado doméstico como internacional. Su importancia como lenguaje visual ha superado las barreras geográficas de Japón y se ha vuelto conocido mundialmente. El poder de los objetos tiernos/emotivos aún no es tan utilizado internacionalmente como en Japón, a pesar de que investigaciones neurológicas apunten a las reacciones positivas que provocan. La vida diaria en Japón está llena de imágenes tiernas e infantiles producidas por diseñadores gráficos famosos o anónimos. En este artículo, este fenómeno es investigado por su aspecto histórico, sociocultural, psicológico, visual y económico

This work proposes a mathematical solution for the attitude control problem of an ornithopter wing. An ornithopter is an artificial bird or insect-like aerial vehicle whose flight and lift movements are produced and maintained by flapping wings. The aerodynamical drag forces responsible for the flying movements are generated by the wing attitude and torques applied to its joints. This mechanical system represents a challenging problem because its dynamics consist of MIMO nonlinear equations with couplings in the input variables. For dealing with such a mathematical model, an Active Disturbance Rejection Control-based (ADRC) method is considered. The cited control technique has been studied for almost two decades and its main characteristics are the use of an extended state observer to estimate the nonmeasurable signals of the plant and a state-feedback control law in standard form fed by that observer. However, even today, the application of the basic methodology requires the exact ...

Let M be a class of (mono)morphisms in a category A. To study mathematical notions, such as injectivity, tensor products and atness, one needs to have some categorical and algebraic in- formation about the pair (A,M). In this paper we take A to be the category Act-S of S-acts, for a semigroup S, and Msd to be the class of strongly s-dense monomorphisms and study the categorical properties, such as limits and colimits, of this class.

The critical consideration of late modernist painting is most often seen in terms of medium specificity, flatness, and the dichotomy between presentness and presence. These terms occur most often in the writings of Clement Greenberg and Michael Fried, and are defined respectively as the purging of extra-mediumistic elements such as narrative, the negation of illusionistic pictorial depth, and the differentiation between autonomous art and engaged art. While these ideas have since come to represent the theoretical framework of American postwar painting, I believe that they are riddled with internal inconsistencies that risk undermining the very foundations on which the conceptual edifice of late modernist painting was built. In this paper I will argue that despite claims to the contrary, the core justifications of late modernist painting were focused not on the pure medium of paint, but on peripheral aspects such as color and support. Similarly, late modernist painting did not eschew narrative and picture space in favor of flatness, but was in fact predicated on a narrative about flatness; it was in the service of that narrative that painters of the era diluted the very medium they endeavored to purify. Finally, I will show that such work embodied not an autonomous presentness as per Fried, but relied instead on the theatrical presence of a viewer charged with subjectively performing the interpretive function of differentiating between a literal surface—the actual flat canvas—and the mere illusion of a literal surface, an idea of a flat surface around which the modernist narrative was constructed.

In the realm of Indian contemporary art, few names shine as brightly as K G Subramanyan. A masterful artist, educator, and philosopher, Subramanyan paintings resonate with a unique blend of tradition, modernity, and a deep cultural consciousness. Join us on a journey through the vivid canvas of his artistry as we explore the rich tapestry of K G Subramanyan paintings.

En este artículo mostramos la esencia de la modernidad pictórica de Édouard Manet. Su pintura se rebela contra los conceptos básicos de la pintura anterior, enarbolando una modernidad que consiste, en primer lugar, en que la pintura hace una crítica de sí misma para descubrir su propia esencia. Manet descubre que, además de esta autorreflexión, la pintura debe hacerse plana, tener un tema, reflejar la vida contemporánea y, finalmente, desidealiza el arte en general. En este trabajo analizamos cada una de esas características y presentamos la desidealización como síntesis final de la modernidad pictórica de Manet. Con ella, Manet pretende que el arte sea verdaderamente moderno, es decir, solo arte.

Several methods of defining and estimating the width of a turbulent wake are presented and tested on the experimental data obtained in the wake past an asymmetric prismatic airfoil NACA 64(3)-618, which is often used as tip profile of the wind turbines. Instantaneous velocities are measured by using the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) technique. All suggested methods of wake width estimation are based on the statistics of a stream-wise velocity component. First, the expansion of boundary layer (BL) thickness is tested, showing that both displacement BL thickness and momentum BL thickness do not represent the width of the wake. The equivalent of 99% BL thickness is used in the literature, but with different threshold value. It is shown that a lower threshold of 50% gives more stable results. The ensemble average velocity profile is fitted by Gauss function and its σ-parameter is used as another definition of wake width. The profiles of stream-wise velocity standard deviation display...

Inthis note, we present a thorough investigation of convolution operators that are naturally associated to vector measures. We characterize those convolution operators that are weakly compact and compact on Ll(G) and C(G) as well as those that are p summing, (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞) and nuclear on C(G).

If f is a p–th integrable function on the circle group and ω(p; f; δ) is its mean modulus of continuity with exponent p then an extended version of the classical theorem of Jackson states the for each positive integer n, there exists a trigonometric polynomial tn of degree at most n for which‖f-tn‖p ≤(p; f; 1/n).In this paper it will be shewn that for G a Hausdorff locally compact abelian group, the algebra L1(G) admits a certain bounded positive approximate unit which, in turn, will be used to prove an analogue of the above result for Lp(G).