Insect feeding potential
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The lepidopteran insect pests have significant importance in vegetable production. The present study was performed to investigate the baseline studies about the assessment of feeding and consumption potential, utilization indices and... more
The lepidopteran insect pests have significant importance in vegetable production. The present study was performed to investigate the baseline studies about the assessment of feeding and consumption potential, utilization indices and losses promises of leafworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) on Okra. The data regarding feeding potential, food utilization and consumption indices as well as losses of different larval instars were recorded and subjected to appropriate statistical analysis. The results showed that, in the beginning, the approximate digestibility of various instars was increase, e.g. third instar (51.36%-64.03%), fourth instar (63.42%-69.45%) and fifth instar (70.25%-76.10%). However, after a certain period, the digestibility was decreased and efficiency to convert the ingested food into biomass varied significantly. The consumption index values increased with an increase in time but the consumption and growth rate was declined of fourth instar larvae. The ingestion and digestion increased of third (10.01-13.06, 8.32-11.91 mg), fourth (11.27-17.28, 10.96-14.03 mg) and fifth (12.60-19.40, 11.93-15.28 mg) larval instars. The corrected weight of consumed leaves increased with a gain in body weight. However, in the third instar, a decline was observed on the last day of feeding. Maximum leaf area was consumed by fifth instar larvae (44.66 cm 2) followed by fourth (35.41 cm 2) and third (27.98 cm 2) instars. In conclusion, all the dependent parameters, including food utilization potential, consumption indices and losses were higher for fifth instar larvae than others. These results emphasized the re-establishment of fundamental (economic threshold level: ETL, economic injury level: EIL) integrated pest management concepts.
Экспериментальные исследования выполнены в 2019 г. в Ростовской области. Экструдировали 3 варианта смеси измельченного зерна пшеницы и биомассы личинок черной львинки с содержанием животного сырья 10, 12,5 и 15% по массе при различной... more
Экспериментальные исследования выполнены в 2019 г. в Ростовской области. Экструдировали 3 варианта смеси измельченного зерна пшеницы и биомассы личинок черной львинки с содержанием животного сырья 10, 12,5 и 15% по массе при различной температуре. Определяли содержание аминокислот в сырье и готовом экструдате. Установлено, что кормовая смесь из измельченного зерна и биомассы личинок черной львинки может быть успешно экструдирована при температуре 121-135ºC. При увеличении температуры экструдирования в диапазоне 115-140ºС содержание аминокислот в готовом экструдате снижается. Изменение содержания личинок насекомых в кормовой смеси не оказывает влияния на характер зависимости содержания аминокислот в экструдате от температуры экструдирования и протекание процесса. Установлено, что содержание аминокислот в экструдируемом корме при увеличении температуры уменьшается с возрастающей скоростью независимо от содержания биомассы насекомых. Определен рациональный диапазон температуры экструдирования кормовой смеси из зерна пшеницы и личинок насекомых – 121-127ºC, обеспечивающий снижение содержания незаменимых аминокислот в экструдате не более чем на 30%. Экструдированный корм, включающий 15% биомассы личинок насекомых, содержит 9,6±0,13% аминокислот, в том числе 4,38±0,1% незаменимых аминокислот. Экструдирование биомассы личинок насекомых в смеси с зерном зерновых культур является перспективным направлением совершенствования производства кормов для рыб и сельскохозяйственных животных.
The experimental studies were carried out in the Rostov region of Russia in 2019. Three variants of grinded wheat grain mixed with biomass of black soldier fly larvae with raw animal material content of 10, 12.5 and 15 % by mass were extruded at varying temperature. The content of amino acids in raw material and finished extrudate was determined. It has been established that the feed mixture containing grinded wheat grain and biomass of black soldier fly larvae can be successfully extruded at the temperature of 121-135 ºC. As the extrusion temperature rises in the range of 115º-140 ºС, the content of amino acids in a finished extrudate decreases. Change in larvae content in the feed mixture does not affect the nature of the correlation between the amino acids content in the extrudate and the extrusion temperature and process behavior. It has been found that with increasing temperature the amino acids content in the extruded feed decreases with an accelerated velocity irrespective of the insect biomass content. The rational temperature range for extrusion of feed mixture containing grinded wheat grain and larvae biomass was determined within 121-127 ºC. This range provides no more than 30 % decrease in indispensable amino acids content in the extrudate. The extruded feed containing 15% of insect larvae biomass contains 9.6±0.13 % of amino acids, including 4.38±0.1 % of indispensable amino acids. Extrusion of larvae biomass mixed with grain of cereal crops is considered to be a promising direction for improving production of feed for fish and farm animals.
Для цитирования: Пахомов В.И., Брагинец С.В., Бахчевников О.Н., Алферов А.С., Рухляда А.И., Бабаджанян А.С. Результаты экспериментальных исследований экструдирования кормов, содержащих зерно пшеницы и биомассу личинок черной львинки. Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока. 2020;21(1):28-42. https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.1.28-42
For citation: Pakhomov V.I., Braginets S.V., Bakhchevnikov O.N., Alferov A.S., Rukhlyada A.I., Babajanyan A.S. The results of experimental studies of extrusion of feed containing wheat grain and black soldier fly larvae biomass. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2020;21(1):28-42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.1.28-42
The experimental studies were carried out in the Rostov region of Russia in 2019. Three variants of grinded wheat grain mixed with biomass of black soldier fly larvae with raw animal material content of 10, 12.5 and 15 % by mass were extruded at varying temperature. The content of amino acids in raw material and finished extrudate was determined. It has been established that the feed mixture containing grinded wheat grain and biomass of black soldier fly larvae can be successfully extruded at the temperature of 121-135 ºC. As the extrusion temperature rises in the range of 115º-140 ºС, the content of amino acids in a finished extrudate decreases. Change in larvae content in the feed mixture does not affect the nature of the correlation between the amino acids content in the extrudate and the extrusion temperature and process behavior. It has been found that with increasing temperature the amino acids content in the extruded feed decreases with an accelerated velocity irrespective of the insect biomass content. The rational temperature range for extrusion of feed mixture containing grinded wheat grain and larvae biomass was determined within 121-127 ºC. This range provides no more than 30 % decrease in indispensable amino acids content in the extrudate. The extruded feed containing 15% of insect larvae biomass contains 9.6±0.13 % of amino acids, including 4.38±0.1 % of indispensable amino acids. Extrusion of larvae biomass mixed with grain of cereal crops is considered to be a promising direction for improving production of feed for fish and farm animals.
Для цитирования: Пахомов В.И., Брагинец С.В., Бахчевников О.Н., Алферов А.С., Рухляда А.И., Бабаджанян А.С. Результаты экспериментальных исследований экструдирования кормов, содержащих зерно пшеницы и биомассу личинок черной львинки. Аграрная наука Евро-Северо-Востока. 2020;21(1):28-42. https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.1.28-42
For citation: Pakhomov V.I., Braginets S.V., Bakhchevnikov O.N., Alferov A.S., Rukhlyada A.I., Babajanyan A.S. The results of experimental studies of extrusion of feed containing wheat grain and black soldier fly larvae biomass. Agricultural Science Euro-North-East. 2020;21(1):28-42. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30766/2072-9081.2020.21.1.28-42