October 30, 2016, the web site for the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies published an article, "Breaking into the Simulated Universe" by Eliott Edge. An attempt to argue against the idea of escaping out of the universe, if it... more
October 30, 2016, the web site for the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies published an article, "Breaking into the Simulated Universe" by Eliott Edge. An attempt to argue against the idea of escaping out of the universe, if it is a simulation, as some Silicon Valley billionaires are rumored to be considering. In this paper, I will reveal why Edge is completely and totally wrong, although he has made an impressive, credible, cohesive and cogent attempt to present a convincing proposition. However, the simulation hypothesis, upon close analysis, is indefensible by anyone because it is based 100% on assumptions, both hidden and otherwise, which in most cases are demonstrably wrong.
[Contents in English] 1. Mind-Machine Connections : Enterprises before the 17C 1.1. Early attempts to connect Mind and Machine: Greeks and ... 1.2. Ramon Lull's Logic Machine 1.3. Other attempts before the 17C, and homunculus... more
[Contents in English]
1. Mind-Machine Connections : Enterprises before the 17C
1.1. Early attempts to connect Mind and Machine: Greeks and ...
1.2. Ramon Lull's Logic Machine
1.3. Other attempts before the 17C, and homunculus
2. Mind-Machine Connections in the 17C
2.a. Machine in HOBBES
2.b. Machine in DESCARTES
2.c. La METTRIE's Machine
2.d. Calculators in the 17C
2.e. PASCAL's calculator
2.f. LEIBNIZ Machine
3. The 19C & 20C's Formalization attempts before Turing Machine
3.a. BABBAGE's Analytic Machine
-[Table 1]. Structure of Babbage's Analytic Machine -
3.b. BOOLE and Formalization in Logic
4. Phenomena, Formal Systems, Machine, & Mathematical Thinking
4.a. Phenomena & Formal Descriptions
4.b. Machine & Formal Descriptions
4.c. Mathematical Thinking & Formal Descriptions
4.d. Mind and Computer: Computation and Formal System
5. Turing Machine Theory
5.a. Turing and his Life
5.b. Turing Machine Theory: Introduction
5.c. Turing Machine Theory in details
- [Fig. 2]. Turing Machine -
- [Table 2]. An example of Operations in Turing Machine -
5.d. Intelligent Machine and Turing Test
- [Fig. 3]. Turing Test Situation
5.e. Implications of Turing Machine Theory
6. Scholars pioneered the Machine-Mind connections, after Turing
6.1. N. Wiener.
6.2. C. Shannon.
6.3. W. McCulloch
6.4. Early Computer Hardware
6.5. John von Neuman
7. Conferences that spearheaded the new Paradigm Shift, by Connecting Mind and Machine
7.1. The first Hixon Symposium in 1948
7.2. Dartmouth Conference in 1956
7.3. MIT Information Symposium in 1956
7.4. NPL Symposium in 1958
7.5. UNESCO Conference in Paris in 1959
8. The Birth of New Psychology in the ‘1950s and ‘1960s
8.1. Early Physio-psychological Research
8.2 The Legacy of Functional Psychology
8.3. Gestalt Psychology
8.4. Psychometrics and other Research
8.5. Verbal Learning and Memory Research in the '50s
8.6. The Early Cognitive Scholars in Europe
8.7. The Early Cognitive Psychologists before U. Neisser
8.8. Human Engineering Research in Psychology
8.9. D. E. Broadbent's Contributions
9. The Paradigm Shift: The Birth of Cognitivism and Cognitive Science
9.1. Linguistic Legacy
9.2. Impact of AI and Computer Science
9.3. Formal Launching of Cognitive Psychology by U. Neisser
9.4. Ideas of H. Simon and A. Newell: Computer Metaphor
- [Table 2]. Intellectual Precursors (Disciplines) of Cognitivism -
10. Spreading and Reformulation of Cognitivism in the '20C: Connectionism and Brain Science
10.1. Classical Cognitivism
10.2. Connectionism and Neural Nets
10.3. Cognitive Neuroscience
10.4. In Search for an Alternative Paradigm
11. Reformulating Cognitive Science : For Embodied Cognition Paradigm
11.1. Backgrounds of the Rise of the Embodied Cognition Paradigm
11.2. Précis of 'Embodied Cognition' Approach
11.3. Radical Embodied Cognition Approach
11.4. Embodied Cognition and the Interactions of Human with Artifacts
11.5. Interactions I: with Artifacts in General (A-1)
11.6. Interactions II: with Agentive Artifacts (A-2)
11.7. Problems of Embodied Cognition Approach
11.8. Embodied Mind and Cognition: Interim Conclusion
12. Summary, Synthesis and Prospects
- [Fig. 4]. Embodied Cognition Paradigm and its Relation with Other Disciplines
- [Table 3]. A Summary of the Intellectual Enterprises of Connecting Mind (Brain) and Machine: Retrospect and Prospect
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
*:Attn. : The main part of the text is in Korean.
