NBI

This collection of summaries on endoscopic diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus (BE) includes the best endoscopic markers of the extent of BE; the interpretation of the diagnosis of ultra‐short BE; the criteria for endoscopic grading; the sensitivity and specificity of endoscopic diagnosis; capsule and magnifying endoscopy; narrow band imaging; balloon cytology; the distinction between focal and diffuse dysplasia; the techniques for endoscopic detection of dysplasia and the grading systems; and the difficulty of interpretation of inflammatory or regenerative changes.

Fil: Fernandez, Maria Jose. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Economicas. Instituto de Investigacion en Administracion, Contabilidad y Matematica. Centro de Investigacion en Metodologias Basicas y Aplicadas a la Gestion y Economia; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas; Argentina

Las distintas metodologías para medir pobreza han evolucionado a lo largo del último medio siglo. En los últimos años estas se han enfocado en los criterios multidimensionales, dentro de los cuales podemos destacar en indicador de Necesidades Básicas Insatisfechas (NBI). Si bien existe un cierto consenso sobre cuales son estas necesidades básicas, las variables utilizadas para medirlas difieren entre distintos países y esto afecta de manera directa los resultados obtenidos. En el presente trabajo nos enfocamos en una parte del indicador NBI referido al acceso a condiciones sanitarias adecuadas (NBI II). Realizamos un análisis de los criterios adoptados en Argentina para estimar la insatisfacción de dicha necesidad y lo comparamos con una metodología alternativa (la de Uruguay) y las recomendaciones de organismos internacionales en lo que respecta al acceso de condiciones sanitarias dignas. Una vez hecho esto reconstruimos el indicador NBI II con ambas metodologías (Argentina y Urugu...

Computer simulations for multi-cusp H -ion source have been performed using uniform density model and considering the sheath formation near the boundary wall surface of the plasma chamber under electro-negative plasma equilibrium conditions. The average cross-sections for various reactions responsible for H -ion formation and their destruction have been taken into account. The reaction rate has been appropriately accounted for as a function of electron temperature using functional curve fitting and they have been used in carrying out the computer simulations for each reactions. The RF power requirement for the power supply has been computed using energy and particle balance. Finally various parameters of the arc discharge and RF discharge have been computed, by modeling the plasma generation mechanism through arc and RF discharge. The results of above simulation studies are reported.

Some analytical kinetic solutions are obtained for the primary and plasma electrons in multi-cusp ion source. The characteristics based on these solutions are discussed, such as frictional coefficient, collision frequency, electron current,electron diffusion,electron density, and electrical conductivity. A code based on one of these solutions is developed to discuss the plasma electrons diffusion; the simulation results are qualitatively consistent with our current experiences.