Serotonin is an ancient monoamine neurotransmitter, biochemically derived from tryptophan. It is most abundant in the gastrointestinal tract, but is also present throughout the rest of the body of animals and can even be found in plants... more
Serotonin is an ancient monoamine neurotransmitter, biochemically derived from tryptophan. It is most abundant in the gastrointestinal tract, but is also present throughout the rest of the body of animals and can even be found in plants and fungi. Serotonin is especially famous for its contributions to feelings of well-being and happiness. More specifically it is involved in learning and memory processes and is hence crucial for certain behaviors throughout the animal kingdom. This brief review will focus on the metabolism, biological role and mode-of-action of serotonin in insects. First, some general aspects of biosynthesis and break-down of serotonin in insects will be discussed, followed by an overview of the functions of serotonin, serotonin receptors and their pharmacology. Throughout this review comparisons are made with the vertebrate serotonergic system. Last but not least, possible applications of pharmacological adjustments of serotonin signaling in insects are discussed.
In the present study, the interaction between the amino acids of organophosphorus compound (Malathion) and the principal neurotransmitter acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were assessed through docking studies (i.e.,) with the help of... more
In the present study, the interaction between the amino acids of organophosphorus compound (Malathion) and the principal neurotransmitter acetylcholinesterase (AChE) were assessed through docking studies (i.e.,) with the help of bioinformatics online tool patchdock.
Tryptamine the important psychotropic drug having indole ring has wider biological and pharmaceutical significance. The focus is to see the relevant and recent achievements as neurotransmitter and neuromodulator, vasoconstrictor and... more
Tryptamine the important psychotropic drug having indole ring has wider biological and pharmaceutical significance. The focus is to see the relevant and recent achievements as neurotransmitter and neuromodulator, vasoconstrictor and vasodilator, antimicrobial and antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungal agents. Tryptamine and its natural and synthetic derivative have been reported for the variety of biological significance in the above mentioned area. This review covers all these aspects in a comprehensive way.
Die frühzeitige Identifikation und psychotherapeutische oder medikamentöse Behandlung einer Depression bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose kann die Behandlung der MS möglicherweise verbessern. Eine retrospektive Analyse hat diesen... more
Die frühzeitige Identifikation und psychotherapeutische oder medikamentöse Behandlung einer Depression bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose kann die Behandlung der MS möglicherweise verbessern. Eine retrospektive Analyse hat diesen Zusammenhang untersucht.
Otoferlin, an integral membrane protein implicated in a late stage of exocytosis, has been reported to play a critical role in hearing al-though the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. However, its widespread tissue distribution infers... more
Otoferlin, an integral membrane protein implicated in a late stage of exocytosis, has been reported to play a critical role in hearing al-though the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. However, its widespread tissue distribution infers a more ubiquitous role in syn-aptic vesicle trafficking. Glutamate, an excitatory neurotransmitter, is converted to its inhibitory counterpart, g-aminobutyric acid (GABA), by L-glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), which exists in soluble (GAD67) and membrane-bound (GAD65) forms. For the first time, we have revealed a close association between otoferlin and GAD65 in both HEK293 and neuronal cells, including SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma and primary rat hippocampus cells, showing a direct interaction between GAD65 and otoferlin’s C2 domains. In primary rat hippocampus cells, otoferlin and GAD65 co-localized in a punctate pattern within the cell body, as well as in the axon along the path of vesicular traffic. Significantly, GABA is virtually abolished in otofer...
Der Verlust einer nahestehenden Person löst eine ganze Folge von Symptomen aus, die je nach Kultur und Kontext unterschiedlich gedeutet werden. Die Trauer ist die natürliche Folge der endgültigen Trennung von einer eng verbundenen Person.... more
Der Verlust einer nahestehenden Person löst eine ganze Folge von Symptomen aus, die je nach Kultur und Kontext unterschiedlich gedeutet werden. Die Trauer ist die natürliche Folge der endgültigen Trennung von einer eng verbundenen Person. Die Forschung hat für diverse Vorstellungen und Mythen, die mit der Trauer assoziiert werden, wenig Evidenz gefunden. Andererseits gibt es Faktoren, die eine akute Trauer chronifizieren lassen. Nur im Fall einer solchen persistierenden Trauer ist eine therapeutische Intervention indiziert.
Serotonin is an ancient monoamine neurotransmitter, biochemically derived from tryptophan. It is most abundant in the gastrointestinal tract, but is also present throughout the rest of the body of animals and can even be found in plants... more
Serotonin is an ancient monoamine neurotransmitter, biochemically derived from tryptophan. It is most abundant in the gastrointestinal tract, but is also present throughout the rest of the body of animals and can even be found in plants and fungi. Serotonin is especially famous for its contributions to feelings of well-being and happiness. More specifically it is involved in learning and memory processes and is hence crucial for certain behaviors throughout the animal kingdom. This brief review will focus on the metabolism, biological role and mode-of-action of serotonin in insects. First, some general aspects of biosynthesis and break-down of serotonin in insects will be discussed, followed by an overview of the functions of serotonin, serotonin receptors and their pharmacology. Throughout this review comparisons are made with the vertebrate serotonergic system. Last but not least, possible applications of pharmacological adjustments of serotonin signaling in insects are discussed.
