During the last decade, many local governments have launched initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions and the potential impact of hydro-climatic disasters. Nonetheless, today barely 11% of subtropical and tropical cities with over 100,000... more
During the last decade, many local governments have launched initiatives to reduce CO2 emissions and the potential impact of hydro-climatic disasters. Nonetheless, today barely 11% of subtropical and tropical cities with over 100,000 inhabitants have a climate plan. Often this tool neither issues from an analysis of climate change or hydro climatic risks, nor does it provide an adequate depth of detail for the identified measures (cost, funding mode, implementation), nor a sound monitoring-evaluation device. This book aims to improve the quality of climate planning by providing 19 examples of analysis and assessments in eleven countries. It is intended for local operators in the fields of climate, hydro-climatic risks, physical planning, besides researchers and students of these subjects. The first chapter describes the status of climate planning in large subtropical and tropical cities. The following six chapters discuss the hazards (atmospheric drought, intense precipitations, sea level rise, sea water intrusion) and early warning systems in various contexts. Nine chapters explore flood risk analysis and preliminary mapping, climate change vulnerability, comparing contingency plans in various scales and presenting experiences centred on adaptation planning. The last three chapters introduce some best practices of weather and climate change monitoring, of flood risk mapping and assessment.
Dans le Sahel de l’Ouest, la planification climatique n’a pas progressée en même temps que le processus de décentralisation politique etadministrative. C’est seulement depuis quelques années que quelques plans locaux de développement... more
Dans le Sahel de l’Ouest, la planification climatique n’a pas progressée en même temps que le processus de décentralisation politique etadministrative. C’est seulement depuis quelques années que quelques
plans locaux de développement commencent à aborder le changement climatique, sans d’ailleurs saisir l’intensité et la tendance de celui-ci et sans apprécier l’impact attendu des mesures identifiées, ni le risque de
catastrophes. Ce livre propose de renforcer la planifi cation locale avec des outils d’aide à la décision. Le cas d’application est la région Tillabéri, au Niger, et la ville de Niamey qui se trouve en son coeur : un ensemble de 95 000 km2 et 4 millions d’habitants déjà frappés par des inondations et des sécheresses catastrophiques. Le livre caractérise le climat, présente les changements attendus aux horizons 2025 et 2050, propose une analyse-évaluation multirisque (inondation et sécheresse agricole) à l’échelle communale, des villes et des villages à partir de la cartographie préliminaire du risque d’inondation.
Introduction: In Niger, people employ the services of traditional health practitioners who use medicinal recipes and plants for primary health care. Scope: Identify medicinal plants for primary health care. Methods: An ethnobotanical... more
Introduction: In Niger, people employ the services of traditional health practitioners who use medicinal recipes and plants for primary health care. Scope: Identify medicinal plants for primary health care. Methods: An ethnobotanical survey was carried out in two regions of Niger, Tillabéri and Niamey, according to a questionnaire. Results: This study assessed the transmission of knowledge, understood the concept of dosage in traditional medicine, and established a repertoire of recipes and plants of the traditional pharmacopoeia. A total of 913 therapeutic recipes for 226 species belonging to 77 families were collected from 168 traditional practitioners. The species most frequently encountered are: Sclerocarya
Avec l’évolution de l’aide, la réduction de la pauvreté apparaît comme le nouveau concept qui précise la lutte contre la pauvreté en visant les situations de précarité et les groupes vulnérables. Cette nouvelle perspective suppose la... more
Avec l’évolution de l’aide, la réduction de la pauvreté apparaît comme le nouveau concept qui précise la lutte contre la pauvreté en visant les situations de précarité et les groupes vulnérables. Cette nouvelle perspective suppose la réorientation d’une partie de l’aide par des approches spécifiques qui prennent en compte les causes de la pauvreté et associent les groupes en situation précaire et les groupes vulnérables à la conception des actiosn à partir d’une réflexion sur leurs propres stratégies, les causes de leur pauvreté et les impacts des actions menées par les projets. Il s’agit donc d’un changement de paradigme par rapport auquel ce document fournit un certain nombre de démarches et d’outils pour réorienter l’aide, identifier la précarité et la vulnérabilité et les stratégies des groupes concernés.
Introduction: Acute intussusception is a rare clinical entity in adults where it accounts for only 1-2% of intestinal obstructions. The authors wanted to report cases of acute intussusception in adult patients, their diagnostic aspects,... more
Introduction: Acute intussusception is a rare clinical entity in adults where it accounts for only 1-2% of intestinal obstructions. The authors wanted to report cases of acute intussusception in adult patients, their diagnostic aspects, their management, and their etiologies. Patients and
In this article I explore the ways in which material things-bricks, documents, pipes, and utility poles-mediate everyday life and politics in informal neighborhoods in Niamey, the capital of Niger. I argue that informal neighborhoods are... more
In this article I explore the ways in which material things-bricks, documents, pipes, and utility poles-mediate everyday life and politics in informal neighborhoods in Niamey, the capital of Niger. I argue that informal neighborhoods are key sites where the material becomes political. Created "from below," these neighborhoods are literally constructed brick by brick through the gradual division of land plots, the incremental construction and improvement of houses, the negotiation of connections to the water and electricity networks, and attempts at securing public service provision. These material transformations are central to residents' quest for legitimation in a context of insecure land tenure (rights). I pay particular attention to the ways in which these material transformations are mediated by social and political relations involving both state and non-state actors (including the traditional chieftaincy, NGOs, public and private companies , and the municipality). In sum, the analysis of material transformations and interventions in informal neighborhoods elucidates the important role of infrastructure and other material things in shaping urban landscapes and in mediating political subjec-tivities in Niamey.
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the... more
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the Niger River in Niamey reached its all-time highest levels following an abundant rainy season. On the other hand, the floods in Niamey have been particularly frequent in the last decade, a symptom of a change in hydroclimatic behaviour already observed since the end of the great droughts of the 1970s and 1980s and which is identified with the name of Sahelian Paradox. This study, starting from the analysis of the 2020 flood and from the update of the rating curve of the Niamey hydrometric station, analyses the rainfall-runoff relationship on the Sahelian basins of the Medium Niger River Basin (MNRB) that are at the origin of the local flood. The comparative analysis of runoffs, annual maximum flows (AMAX) and runoff coefficients with various rainfall indices calculated on gridded datasets allowed to hydroclimatically characterise the last decade as a different period from the wet one before the drought, the dry one and the postdrought one. Compared to the last one, the current period is characterised by a sustained increase in hydrological indicators (AMAX +27%) consistent with the increase in both the accumulation of precipitation (+11%) and the number (+51%) and magnitude (+54%) of extreme events in the MNRB. Furthermore, a greater concentration of rainfall and extremes (+78%) in August contributes to reinforcing the red flood's positive anomalies (+2.23 st.dev in 2020). The study indicates that under these conditions the frequency of extreme hydrological events in Niamey will tend to increase further also because of the concurrence of drivers such as riverbed silting and levee effects. Consequently, the study concludes with the need for a comprehensive flood-risk assessment on the Niamey city that considers both recent hydroclimatic trends and urbanisation dynamics in flood zones hence defining the most appropriate risk-reduction strategies.
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the... more
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the Niger River in Niamey reached its all-time highest levels following an abundant rainy season. On the other hand, the floods in Niamey have been particularly frequent in the last decade, a symptom of a change in hydroclimatic behaviour already observed since the end of the great droughts of the 1970s and 1980s and which is identified with the name of Sahelian Paradox. This study, starting from the analysis of the 2020 flood and from the update of the rating curve of the Niamey hydrometric station, analyses the rainfall–runoff relationship on the Sahelian basins of the Medium Niger River Basin (MNRB) that are at the origin of the local flood. The comparative analysis of runoffs, annual maximum flows (AMAX) and runoff coefficients with various rainfall in...
In and around Niamey, land has emerged as a central source of economic and political capital and as the object of intense competition. Land speculation has accelerated with the decentralisation of land management including zoning or land... more
In and around Niamey, land has emerged as a central source of economic and political capital and as the object of intense competition. Land speculation has accelerated with the decentralisation of land management including zoning or land subdivision operations (lotissement) whereby rural land such as agricultural fields are transformed into land plots mainly for housing. The multiplication of actors involved in zoning has led to an unprecedented competition over land on the urban fringe, involving a multitude of actors including municipalities, private and public enterprises, private entrepreneurs and individual land speculators, national politicians, customary landowners and other brokers and intermediaries. With the rapid proliferation of public and private zoning operations, zoning and land management have also quickly become central question in local and municipal politics, engendering conflicts, competition and contestation. In this paper we analyse the economic, political and spatial stakes of land management in the periphery of Niamey. We show that land speculation is part of a wider struggle for political and economic influence that is reshaping local political arenas and rapidly transforming the urban periphery.
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the... more
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the Niger River in Niamey reached its all-time highest levels following an abundant rainy season. On the other hand, the floods in Niamey have been particularly frequent in the last decade, a symptom of a change in hydroclimatic behaviour already observed since the end of the great droughts of the 1970s and 1980s and which is identified with the name of Sahelian Paradox. This study, starting from the analysis of the 2020 flood and from the update of the rating curve of the Niamey hydrometric station, analyses the rainfall–runoff relationship on the Sahelian basins of the Medium Niger River Basin (MNRB) that are at the origin of the local flood. The comparative analysis of runoffs, annual maximum flows (AMAX) and runoff coefficients with various rainfall in...
In Niger le leggi sul decentramento amministrativo (2002) attribuiscono nuove competenze a regioni, dipartimenti e comuni. La Communauté Urbaine de Niamey (CUN) e le 5 commune che la compongono devono provvedere a gran parte delle... more
In Niger le leggi sul decentramento amministrativo (2002) attribuiscono nuove competenze a regioni, dipartimenti e comuni. La Communauté Urbaine de Niamey (CUN) e le 5 commune che la compongono devono provvedere a gran parte delle infrastrutture, delle attrezzature e dei servizi ma non dispongono delle risorse necessarie. La CUN avvia allora la numerazione civica (adressage) e l’inchiesta sulla base imponibile con l’intento di accrescere il gettito della fiscalità locale. Nel 2006 la CUN chiede assistenza tecnica alla Provincia e al Politecnico di Torino nonché alla Regione Piemonte per costituire un sistema informativo territoriale (SIT) delle infrastrutture, delle attrezzature e dei servizi. Nasce così il progetto “Un SIT per Niamey”. Questo working paper ne descrive ragioni, origini, contenuti e risultati.
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the... more
Niamey, the capital of Niger, is particularly prone to floods, since it is on the banks of the Niger River, which in its middle basin has two flood peaks: one in summer (the red flood) and one in winter (the black flood). In 2020, the Niger River in Niamey reached its all-time highest levels following an abundant rainy season. On the other hand, the floods in Niamey have been particularly frequent in the last decade, a symptom of a change in hydroclimatic behaviour already observed since the end of the great droughts of the 1970s and 1980s and which is identified with the name of Sahelian Paradox. This study, starting from the analysis of the 2020 flood and from the update of the rating curve of the Niamey hydrometric station, analyses the rainfall–runoff relationship on the Sahelian basins of the Medium Niger River Basin (MNRB) that are at the origin of the local flood. The comparative analysis of runoffs, annual maximum flows (AMAX) and runoff coefficients with various rainfall in...
