Ocimum gratissimum

The abusive use of synthetic pesticides in the phytosanitary protection of cotton in Côte d'Ivoire threatens the viability of the production system. The search for alternative control methods is therefore necessary. Phytosanitary strategies involving plant-based biopesticides have been explored. The insecticidal activity of essential oils of plant species of the genus Ocimum has been the subject of numerous investigations. The objective of this study is to compare the insecticidal potential of two species of the same genus Ocimum gratissimum and O. canum on a major cotton pest, the pink worm Pectinophora gossypiella. Adults of the insect were exposed in the laboratory to the toxic effect of different concentrations of these oils by topical application using a micro applicator. The lethal concentrations causing

The effect of combined aqueous leaves extracts of Ocimum gratissimum and Gongronema latifolium on alloxan-induced diabetic Rattus norvegicus was investigated for 28 days. Lethal dose (LD 50) and phytochemical compositions were determined by standard methods. Phytochemical analyses to determine the levels of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin and saponin content of O. gratissimum and G. latifolium were done using standard methods. A total of 90 rats were divided into six groups (1 – 6) of fifteen rats per group, with each group comprising of three replicates of five rats each. Diabetes was induced in the rats by injection of 150 mg/kg of crystalline powdered alloxan monohydrate. Treatment groups 2, 3 and 4 had diabetic rats administered 100, 250 and 350 mg/kg of combined extracts respectively. Group 1(normal control, non-diabetic rats), 5 (standard control, diabetic rats) and 6 (negative control, diabetic rats) were administered distilled water, standard drug (glibenclamide) and distilled water respectively. All the administration was done by oral intubation. Changes in body weight blood glucose levels, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined using standard methods on days 0, 7, 14, 21 and 28. The lethal dose (LD 50) of the mixed extract was estimated to be ≥ 5000 mg/kg of body weight of rat. The aqueous extract of O. gratissimum had high presence of reducing sugars, tannin, steroids, alkaloids, flavonoids, and phenol. Soluble carbohydrates, hydrogen cyanide, terpenoid and saponins were slightly present. The aqueous extract of G. latifolium contains tannin and alkaloids in proportionate abundance, followed by reducing sugars, soluble carbohydrates, flavonoids and phenol. A non-significant decrease (p>0.05) was recorded in the body weight of rats. Significant decreases (p<0.05) were recorded in the blood glucose levels of rats. There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in the lipid profiles. The result therefore, suggests that G. latifolium and O. gratissimum have hypoglycaemic, effects on alloxan– induced diabetic rats. Generally, they are non-toxic even at high dose of 350 mg/kg body weight.

A study was carried out to determine the rumen microbial population and blood parameters of 20 West African dwarf goats fed Ocimum gratissimum (scent leaf) as additive in a concentrate supplement. The goats were divided into four treatment groups (T1, T2, T3 andT4) with five replicates in a completely randomized design. Four concentrate supplements were formulated to contain scent leaf at levels 0,5,10, and 15g/kg DM. Panicum maximum was the basal diet. Chemical composition of scent leaf and the diets were determined. Rumen fluid and blood were collected from the goats before and after the experiment to determine microbial population and blood parameters. Results showed that scent leaf has moderate crude protein of 10.61% and rich in tannin, saponin and oxalate. At the end of the experiment, bacteria and protozoa counts were not significantly (p&gt;0.05) influenced by the experimental diets, however there was a reduction in their values. Fungi count was significantly (p&lt;0.05) aff...

Background:leaf is used in managing rheumatism and other inflammatory conditions. In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic extract obtained by sequential methanol extraction ofMethods:The methanol extract (MEOResults:HPLC fingerprint of the extract shows the presence of caffeic acid, rutin, ferulic acid, apigenin, and quercetin. Antioxidant activity of MEOConclusions:MEO