Oil Slick

Determination of initial volume of spilled oil is a major problem during oil spills. The amount of spilled oil is
extremely important for response and legal aspects of the event. Several methods have been developed to estimate and
determine volume of spilled oils on water surfaces. These methods are based on determining thickness of oil on water
surface by using visual observations or measurement techniques. It is of course aerial pictures of the spill that will
determine the spreading area. The spreading area and thickness of oil result in the volume of the spilled oil. These
methods are not successful enough or in an acceptable error range for many oil spill cases. In this paper, a methodology,
which was developed as a result of actual oil spill experiments in the Arabian Gulf, will be presented. In these
experiments, vsrious types of oil, wind, sea and weather temperature, oil properties and other dominant factors were
considered. Elliptic, circular and random behaviors of spreading of oils were observed and a model for oil's distribution
on water surfaces were approximated within acceptable error ranges. Based on these studies, an algorithm and model
were developed by using optimization techniques and related software was prepared. The software, which can estimate
tlrc volume of the spilled oil, its use and inputs, examples and results will be presented and discussed in the paper. The
inputs of the software are spreading area and shape of the oil on the water surface, various meteorological and
oceanographic conditions of the event. The method is designed for determining initial volume of stray oil spills observed
on water surfaces, and not for continuous spills.

Terre et mer, la Bretagne est sensible à la nature et s’en nourrit depuis son origine. Très vite, la prise de conscience de l’environnement et de la nécessité de le préserver donne naissance à des associations dynamiques comme la Ligue de protection des oiseaux (LPO), la SEPNB­Bretagne Vivante ou Eau et rivières de Bretagne. Menacée par le tout nucléaire, à Plogoff ou au Carnet, c’est toute la Bretagne qui se réveille pour contester les choix énergétiques du gouvernement. Confrontée aux drames qui nous viennent de la mer comme les marées noires et les algues vertes, les écologistes s’interrogent sur nos comportements à terre. Face aux défis de l’aménagement du territoire, ils refusent les « grands projets inutiles », tel le projet d’aéroport de Notre-Dame-des-Landes. Dès les années 1970, des écologistes conscients des enjeux entrent en politique, jusqu’à s’inscrire aujourd’hui dans de nombreux exécutifs et réaliser des scores importants partout en Bretagne. Ce livre synthétique et très illustré, notamment avec une dizaine de cartes inédites, permet une approche didactique de l’histoire de l’écologie en Bretagne, de l’agriculture biologique à la protection du littoral en passant par les enjeux du développement durable.

Unlike conventional methods for topographic or hydrographic mapping, many times certain environmental remote sensing monitoring and mapping issues remain incomplete, due to simply neglecting quality measures, and the trailed effect of the quality status. Similar to other issues, efforts such as time, money, work, and knowledge used for monitoring environmental issues are sensitive to the final quality of the results. Total Quality issues can not be simply neglected as it is the case many times, since the quality means the level of goodness of the data and maps, their reliability and validity, how accurate the data or information is, and is it possible to depend on the information for making decisions concerned with a range of particular facts, and how far this dependency can go. This paper is intended to represent the issues and results of a research work executed to assess the different quality measures related to environmental coastal monitoring using GIS and Remote Sensing, as mu...