Overlap

BackgroundFirst-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorder have higher levels of polygenic risk (PRS) for schizophrenia and higher levels of intermediate phenotypes.MethodsWe conducted, using two different samples for discovery (n = 336 controls and 649 siblings of patients with psychotic disorder) and replication (n = 1208 controls and 1106 siblings), an analysis of association between PRS on the one hand and psychopathological and cognitive intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia on the other in a sample at average genetic risk (healthy controls) and a sample at higher than average risk (healthy siblings of patients). Two subthreshold psychosis phenotypes, as well as a standardised measure of cognitive ability, based on a short version of the WAIS-III short form, were used. In addition, a measure of jumping to conclusion bias (replication sample only) was tested for association with PRS.ResultsIn both discovery and replication sample, evidence for an association between...

Prefix normal words are binary words in which each prefix has at least the same number of 1s as any factor of the same length. Firstly introduced by Fici and Lipták in 2011, the problem of determining the index of the prefix equivalence relation is still open. In this paper, we investigate two aspects of the problem, namely prefix normal palindromes and so-called collapsing words (extending the notion of critical words). We prove characterizations for both the palindromes and the collapsing words and show their connection. Based on this, we show that still open problems regarding prefix normal words can be split into certain subproblems.

A well-known fact of the internet age is that online social media is accessed regularly by an increasing number of users. Such platforms enable its users to create, share and spread information with ease in real time. In this research, we explore the possibility of harnessing this information to identify incidents of harmful algal blooms on water bodies. We target the information shared by the users of a popular micro-blogging service known as Twitter. We propose a way to annotate the slew of information obtained from these platforms to create ground truth and for analysis. We develop and test a platform that can extract and separate tweets that report incidents of harmful algal blooms. We apply Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing techniques to identify locations of such reported incidents if mentioned in the body of the tweet. An exploratory quantitative analysis of the collected data is also presented. INDEX WORDS: Machine Learning, Online Social Media, Blue Green Alg...

We consider the Jacobi preconditioner of the GMRES method introduced by Liu and Jin for the scattering problem (IEEE Trans. Ante. Prop. 2002; 50:132–140). We explain why it is a particular form of the Schwarz' preconditioner with a complete overlap and specific transmission conditions. So far, a superlinear convergence has been predicted by the general theory without any additional indication on the convergence rates. Here, we establish error bounds that provide accurate convergence rates in two and three dimensions. Courant–Weyl's min–max principle applied to some kernel operators together with some polynomial approximation estimates are the milestones for the proofs. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Handwritten character recognition has occupied a substantial area due to its applications in several fields and is used widely in the modern world. Handwritten Arabic recognition is a major challenge because of the high similarity in its characters and its various writing styles. Deep learning algorithms have recently shown high performance in this area. The problem is that a deep learning algorithm requires large datasets for training. To overcome this problem, an efficient architecture is presented in this study, which comprises Hidden Markovian Model for character modeling, Convolutional Neural Network for feature extraction, and an intelligent network for recognition. The proposed network is modeled based on the dentate gyrus of the hippocampus of the brain. This part of the brain is responsible for identifying highly overlapping samples. The handwritten Arabic alphabet is characterized by this high overlap. Modeling the functionality of the dentate gyrus can improve the accuracy of the handwritten Arabic characters. Experiments are done using IFN/ENIT, CMATERdb3.3.1 and, MADBase datasets. The proposed approach outperformed recently published works using the same dataset. Although in all the experiments, a character error rate (CER) of less than 1.63 was obtained, the CMATERdb3.3.1 dataset resulted in a CER of 0.35. Compared with the convolutional neural network, the proposed network showed superiority in recognizing patterns with high noise.

A connected edge-disjoint union $\mathcal Y$ of 102 tetrahedra (copies of $K_4$) is constructed which is Menger graph of a self-dual $(102_4)$-configuration and $K_4$-ultrahomogeneous. As $\mathcal Y$ is not a line graph, we ask whether there exists a non-line-graphical $K_4$-ultrahomogeneous Menger graph of a self-dual $(n_4)$-configuration which is connected edge-disjoint union of $n$ copies of $K_4$, for $n\notin\{42,102\}$. Moreover, $\mathcal Y$ is union of 102 cuboctahedra (copies of $L(Q_3)$) with no two sharing a chordless 4-cycle and has an $L(Q_3)$-ultrahomogeneity property restricted to preserving an edge partition of each $L(Q_3)$ into 2-paths, determined by the distance-$i$ graphs ${\mathcal S}_i$ of the Biggs-Smith graph $\mathcal S$, for $i=1,2,3,4$. From this, it is concluded that ${\mathcal Y}={\mathcal S}_3$. In addition, $\mathcal Y$ has each edge (resp. triangle) shared exactly by 4 copies of $L(Q_3)$ (resp. two copies of $L(Q_3)$ plus one of $K_4$).

BackgroundFirst-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorder have higher levels of polygenic risk (PRS) for schizophrenia and higher levels of intermediate phenotypes.MethodsWe conducted, using two different samples for discovery (n = 336 controls and 649 siblings of patients with psychotic disorder) and replication (n = 1208 controls and 1106 siblings), an analysis of association between PRS on the one hand and psychopathological and cognitive intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia on the other in a sample at average genetic risk (healthy controls) and a sample at higher than average risk (healthy siblings of patients). Two subthreshold psychosis phenotypes, as well as a standardised measure of cognitive ability, based on a short version of the WAIS-III short form, were used. In addition, a measure of jumping to conclusion bias (replication sample only) was tested for association with PRS.ResultsIn both discovery and replication sample, evidence for an association between...

Asthma-COPD Overlap (ACO) represents the confluence of bronchial airway hyper reactivity and chronic airflow limitation and has been described as leading to worse lung function and quality of life than found with either singular disease process. We aimed to describe the prevalence and risk factors for ACO among adults across six low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compiled cross-sectional data for 11,923 participants aged 35-92 years from four population-based studies in 12 settings. We defined COPD as post-bronchodilator FEV/FVC below the lower limit of normal, asthma as wheeze or medication use in 12 months or self-reported physician diagnosis, and ACO as having both. The prevalence of ACO was 3.8% (0% in rural Puno, Peru to 7.8% in Matlab, Bangladesh). The odds of having ACO were higher with household exposure to biomass fuel smoke (OR=1.48; 95% CI 0.98-2.23), smoking (OR=1.28 per 10 pack-years; 1.22-1.34), and having primary or less education (OR=1.35; 1.07-1.70) compar...

BackgroundFirst-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorder have higher levels of polygenic risk (PRS) for schizophrenia and higher levels of intermediate phenotypes.MethodsWe conducted, using two different samples for discovery (n = 336 controls and 649 siblings of patients with psychotic disorder) and replication (n = 1208 controls and 1106 siblings), an analysis of association between PRS on the one hand and psychopathological and cognitive intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia on the other in a sample at average genetic risk (healthy controls) and a sample at higher than average risk (healthy siblings of patients). Two subthreshold psychosis phenotypes, as well as a standardised measure of cognitive ability, based on a short version of the WAIS-III short form, were used. In addition, a measure of jumping to conclusion bias (replication sample only) was tested for association with PRS.ResultsIn both discovery and replication sample, evidence for an association between...

In this study, we obtain the universal function corresponding to the diffractive process and show that the cross section exhibits geometrical scaling. It is observed that diffractive theory according to the color dipole approach at small-x is a convenient framework that reveals the color transparency and saturation phenomena. We also calculate the contribution of heavy quark production in the diffractive cross section at high energy that is determined by the small size dipole configuration. The ratio of the diffractive cross section to the total cross section in electron-proton collision is the other important quantity that is computed in this work.

Cet article presente la mise en place d'une plateforme de mesure dediee aux systemes de type radar MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output). L'objectif de cette plateforme est de valider experimentalement differentes techniques de detection existantes. Cette etude porte sur deux d'entre elles : la methode de Capon et le GLRT (Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test). Les resultats de mesure ont montre une forte degradation des performances du GLRT en raison du couplage entre antennes d'emission et de reception. Pour reduire l'impact de ce phenomene, nous proposons une technique de traitement numerique.

BackgroundFirst-degree relatives of patients with psychotic disorder have higher levels of polygenic risk (PRS) for schizophrenia and higher levels of intermediate phenotypes.MethodsWe conducted, using two different samples for discovery (n = 336 controls and 649 siblings of patients with psychotic disorder) and replication (n = 1208 controls and 1106 siblings), an analysis of association between PRS on the one hand and psychopathological and cognitive intermediate phenotypes of schizophrenia on the other in a sample at average genetic risk (healthy controls) and a sample at higher than average risk (healthy siblings of patients). Two subthreshold psychosis phenotypes, as well as a standardised measure of cognitive ability, based on a short version of the WAIS-III short form, were used. In addition, a measure of jumping to conclusion bias (replication sample only) was tested for association with PRS.ResultsIn both discovery and replication sample, evidence for an association between...