PBPK Model
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Recent papers in PBPK Model
Alcohol clamping is a technique that maintains a constant breath alcohol Concentration (BrAC) for prolonged intervals, thereby reducing experimental variance in the timc course of organ exposure to alcohol, when compared with oral alcohol... more
Physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have been used to describe the distribution and elimination characteristics of intravenous ethanol administration. Further, these models have been used to estimate the ethanol infusion... more
Background and Objectives Antiretrovirals are currently used for the treatment and prevention of HIV infection. However, poor adherence and low tolerability of some existing oral formulations can hinder their efficacy. Long-acting (LA)... more
The intraspecies uncertainty factor (UF(HH)=10x) is used in the determination of the reference dose or reference concentration and accounts for the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic heterogeneity within the human population. The Food... more
Comprehensive uncertainty analyses of complex models of environmental and biological systems are essential but often not feasible due to the computational resources they require. Traditional methods, such as standard Monte Carlo and Latin... more
Physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling and simulation is a tool that can help predict the pharmacokinetics of drugs in humans and evaluate the effects of intrinsic (e.g., organ dysfunction, age, genetics) and extrinsic... more
Advances in the technology of human cell and tissue culture and the increasing availability of human tissue for laboratory studies have led to the increased use of in vitro human tissue models in toxicology and pharmacodynamics studies... more
Increasing sophistication in methods used to account for human variability in susceptibility to toxicants has been one of the success stories in the continuing evolution of risk assessment science. Genetic polymorphisms have been... more
Nine male and eight female healthy volunteers were exposed to 50 or 100 ppm trichloroethylene vapors for 4 h. Blood, urine, and exhaled breath samples were collected for development of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model... more
Toxicity and exposure evaluations remain the two of the key components of human health assessment. While improvement in exposure assessment relies on a better understanding of human behavior patterns, toxicity assessment still relies to a... more
The previously-published physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for atrazine (ATZ), deisopropylatrazine (DIA), deethylatrazine (DEA), and diaminochlorotriazine (DACT), which collectively comprise the total chlorotriazines (TCT) as... more