Paleopatologie
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Recent papers in Paleopatologie
Se presentan los resultados de la excavación arqueológica llevada a cabo en la zona de l’Alfossar de Novelda, que supuso el descubrimiento de una necrópolis en la que se ha constatado una importante cantidad de fosas de inhumación que... more
Se presentan los resultados de la excavación arqueológica llevada a cabo en la zona de l’Alfossar de Novelda, que supuso el descubrimiento de una necrópolis en la que se ha constatado una importante cantidad de fosas de inhumación que responden a diferentes tipos y con ritual propio de la cultura islámica.
Palabras clave: Necrópolis. Almohade. Siglo XIII. Novelda (Alicante). Embarazada
We present the results of the recent archeological excavations in l’Alfossar area in Novelda (Alicante province, Spain). The fieldwork has discovered a cemetery whit an important number of burials. The ritual documented corresponds to the Islamic culture.
Key words: Cemetery. Islamic culture. 13th century. Novelda (Alicante Province, Spain). Pregnant
Palabras clave: Necrópolis. Almohade. Siglo XIII. Novelda (Alicante). Embarazada
We present the results of the recent archeological excavations in l’Alfossar area in Novelda (Alicante province, Spain). The fieldwork has discovered a cemetery whit an important number of burials. The ritual documented corresponds to the Islamic culture.
Key words: Cemetery. Islamic culture. 13th century. Novelda (Alicante Province, Spain). Pregnant
Paleopathology includes the analysis of diseases in the past through a variety of sources of information including skeletonized and mummified remains, studies of microorganisms, historical and ethnographic documents and molecular... more
Paleopathology includes the analysis of diseases in the past through a variety of sources of information including skeletonized and mummified remains, studies of microorganisms, historical and ethnographic documents and molecular analysis. From these studies, it is possible to explore the impact of diseases in human populations and understand its development in today´s world. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the reconstruction of evolutionary scenarios of human health and its relationship with different cultural and biological factors.
As part of the schedule of meetings organized by the Paleopathology Association, the Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA) was uninterruptedly carried out since 2005. Like the meetings organized in North America and Europe, the main objective of the South American Meetings is to facilitate interactions between specialists interested in paleopathology. This is a space that allows researchers and students from many regions to present their results and have contact with professionals from other countries of the continent and the world.
The previous five meetings strengthened and encouraged the development of the South American paleopathological research on local and regional scales. In this first tenth anniversary, PAMinSA VI provides an opportunity to consider the results achieved so far, and to propose new goals for the near future within the discipline.
La paleopatología comprende el análisis de las enfermedades en el pasado reciente y remoto a través de una variedad de fuentes de información que incluye restos esqueletizados y momificados, documentos histórico-etnográficos y análisis moleculares y de microorganismos. A partir de estos estudios es posible explorar el impacto de las enfermedades en las poblaciones humanas y comprender su desarrollo en la actualidad. A su vez, es factible contribuir en la reconstrucción de escenarios evolutivos de la salud humana y su relación con diferentes factores culturales y biológicos.
Como parte del cronograma de encuentros organizados por la Paleopathology Association, se realizan desde el año 2005 y en forma ininterrumpida los Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA). Al igual que en los congresos que se desarrollan en América del Norte y Europa, el Congreso Sudamericano tiene como objetivo principal facilitar la interacción entre especialistas interesados en la paleopatología. Este es un espacio que cada dos años permite a investigadores y estudiantes de toda la región presentar sus producciones y contactarse con profesionales de otros países del continente y del mundo.
Los cinco encuentros previos han fortalecido y favorecido el desarrollo de las investigaciones paleopatológicas sudamericanas en escalas locales y regionales. En este primer décimo aniversario, el PAMinSA VI ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar acerca de los resultados alcanzados hasta el momento y proponer nuevas metas para el futuro próximo dentro de la disciplina.
As part of the schedule of meetings organized by the Paleopathology Association, the Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA) was uninterruptedly carried out since 2005. Like the meetings organized in North America and Europe, the main objective of the South American Meetings is to facilitate interactions between specialists interested in paleopathology. This is a space that allows researchers and students from many regions to present their results and have contact with professionals from other countries of the continent and the world.
The previous five meetings strengthened and encouraged the development of the South American paleopathological research on local and regional scales. In this first tenth anniversary, PAMinSA VI provides an opportunity to consider the results achieved so far, and to propose new goals for the near future within the discipline.
La paleopatología comprende el análisis de las enfermedades en el pasado reciente y remoto a través de una variedad de fuentes de información que incluye restos esqueletizados y momificados, documentos histórico-etnográficos y análisis moleculares y de microorganismos. A partir de estos estudios es posible explorar el impacto de las enfermedades en las poblaciones humanas y comprender su desarrollo en la actualidad. A su vez, es factible contribuir en la reconstrucción de escenarios evolutivos de la salud humana y su relación con diferentes factores culturales y biológicos.
Como parte del cronograma de encuentros organizados por la Paleopathology Association, se realizan desde el año 2005 y en forma ininterrumpida los Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA). Al igual que en los congresos que se desarrollan en América del Norte y Europa, el Congreso Sudamericano tiene como objetivo principal facilitar la interacción entre especialistas interesados en la paleopatología. Este es un espacio que cada dos años permite a investigadores y estudiantes de toda la región presentar sus producciones y contactarse con profesionales de otros países del continente y del mundo.
Los cinco encuentros previos han fortalecido y favorecido el desarrollo de las investigaciones paleopatológicas sudamericanas en escalas locales y regionales. En este primer décimo aniversario, el PAMinSA VI ofrece la oportunidad de reflexionar acerca de los resultados alcanzados hasta el momento y proponer nuevas metas para el futuro próximo dentro de la disciplina.
In October 2011, the symposium “Contributions of palaeopathology to the study of past human societies” was organized by the authors as the part of the Xth Meeting of Biological Anthropology Society of Argentina, La Plata, Argentina. The... more
In October 2011, the symposium “Contributions of palaeopathology to the study of past human societies” was organized by the authors as the part of the Xth Meeting of Biological Anthropology Society of Argentina, La Plata, Argentina. The aim of the symposium was to present multidisciplinary population studies, which broadly included current theoretical and methodological perspectives.
RESUMEN. Este trabajo presenta los principales resultados y discusiones llevadas adelante durante el III Taller Nacional de Bioarqueología y Paleopatología, celebrado en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La... more
RESUMEN. Este trabajo presenta los principales resultados y discusiones llevadas adelante durante el III Taller Nacional de Bioarqueología y Paleopatología, celebrado en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata los días 19 y 20 de mayo de 2016. Durante la realización del taller se presentaron ponencias que versaron sobre el estudio de restos esqueléticos y dentales, focalizando en las ventajas, desventajas y factibilidad de la aplicación de los métodos y técnicas complementarias o alternativas. Las mesas de discusión se organizaron siguiendo diferentes líneas temáticas como Antropología dental; Paleopatología, paleoparasitología y tafonomía, donde se expusieron trabajos relativos al uso del cuerpo, alimentación, salud y alteraciones culturales; Análisis microscópicos y densitométricos, donde se presentaron los alcances y dificultades en la realización de estos estudios; y por último, Determinación del sexo, donde se analizaron muestras arqueológicas de individuos adultos y se realizaron propuestas para la determinación sobre restos de individuos inmaduros investigando colecciones documentadas. Independientemente de los temas específicos que fueron trabajados, se discutieron temas como la necesidad de definir criterios que contribuyan a que las instituciones encargadas de la guarda de las colecciones de restos esqueléticos ofrezcan autorización para el análisis con equipamiento específico y se argumentó la necesidad de enfatizar en la divulgación de los resultados de los estudios bioarqueológicos y paleopatológicos en ámbitos académicos y no académicos.
ABSTRACT. This paper presents the main results and discussions carried out during the Third National Workshop on Bioarchaeology and Paleopathology, held at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of La Plata, on May 19-20, 2016. During the workshop, oral communications about the study of skeletal and dental remains were presented, focusing on the advantages, disadvantages and feasibility of the implementation of complementary or alternative research methods and techniques. The oral presentations were organized in scientific sessions along different thematic lines. The first session focused on Dental anthropology; the second one, that included expositions about Paleopathology, paleoparasitology and taphonomy, included research that discussed about the use of the body, health and cultural alterations. In the third session, concerning Microscopic and densitometric analysis, the scope and difficulties of conducting these studies were considered. Finally, the last session focused on Sex determination methodologies; in this case, archaeological adult samples were analyzed, and proposals for immature sex determination were conducted. During the meeting, the need to define criteria that contribute to the institutions responsible for the care of the collections of skeletal remains to provide authorization for analysis with specific equipment was expressed. Also, the need to emphasize the divulgation of the results of bioarchaeological and paleopathological studies in academic and non-academic areas was strongly argued.
ABSTRACT. This paper presents the main results and discussions carried out during the Third National Workshop on Bioarchaeology and Paleopathology, held at the Faculty of Medical Sciences of the National University of La Plata, on May 19-20, 2016. During the workshop, oral communications about the study of skeletal and dental remains were presented, focusing on the advantages, disadvantages and feasibility of the implementation of complementary or alternative research methods and techniques. The oral presentations were organized in scientific sessions along different thematic lines. The first session focused on Dental anthropology; the second one, that included expositions about Paleopathology, paleoparasitology and taphonomy, included research that discussed about the use of the body, health and cultural alterations. In the third session, concerning Microscopic and densitometric analysis, the scope and difficulties of conducting these studies were considered. Finally, the last session focused on Sex determination methodologies; in this case, archaeological adult samples were analyzed, and proposals for immature sex determination were conducted. During the meeting, the need to define criteria that contribute to the institutions responsible for the care of the collections of skeletal remains to provide authorization for analysis with specific equipment was expressed. Also, the need to emphasize the divulgation of the results of bioarchaeological and paleopathological studies in academic and non-academic areas was strongly argued.
Paleopathology in bones of very small mammals has rarely been studied. Different types of osseous lesions of mammals weighing under 0.2 kg, recovered from the Holocene strata of Cueva Tixi archaeological and pa-leontological site... more
Paleopathology in bones of very small mammals has rarely been studied. Different types of osseous lesions of mammals weighing under 0.2 kg, recovered from the Holocene strata of Cueva Tixi archaeological and pa-leontological site (Tandilia range, province of Buenos Aires, Argentina), are described and discussed in this report. Several types of trauma, entheseal changes, degenerative joint diseases, and probable osteomyelitis were identified. The lesions were chronic, indicating that the animals were able to survive a period of convalescence, although in many cases the decreased capacity for locomotion likely was significant. These pathological findings open research avenues for very small mammals that usually are not considered in archaeological disease studies.
Paleopathology includes the analysis of diseases in the past through a variety of sources of information including skeletonized and mummified remains, studies of microorganisms, historical and ethnographic documents and molecular... more
Paleopathology includes the analysis of diseases in the past through a variety of sources of information including skeletonized and mummified remains, studies of microorganisms, historical and ethnographic documents and molecular analysis. From these studies, it is possible to explore the impact of diseases in human populations and understand its development in today´s world. Therefore, it is possible to contribute to the reconstruction of evolutionary scenarios of human health and its relationship with different cultural and biological factors. As part of the schedule of meetings organized by the Paleopathology Association, the Paleopathology Association Meeting in South America (PAMinSA) was uninterruptedly carried out since 2005. Like the meetings organized in North America and Europe, the main objective of the South American Meetings is to facilitate interactions between specialists interested in paleopathology. This is a space that allows researchers and students from many regi...
Resumen Desde los inicios de la bioarqueología, los estudios de las alteraciones osteoarticulares utilizan definiciones, protocolos de relevamiento y propuestas de análisis de los datos muy variados, lo cual generalmente imposibilita su... more
Resumen
Desde los inicios de la bioarqueología, los estudios de las alteraciones osteoarticulares utilizan definiciones, protocolos de relevamiento y propuestas de análisis de los datos muy variados, lo cual generalmente imposibilita su adecuada comparación. En este trabajo se discuten algunos problemas derivados de esa diversidad de perspectivas, con el objetivo de plantear la necesidad de formular criterios consensuados de registro y análisis que permitan generar datos comparables. Se reflexiona sobre aspectos relativos al proceso de relevamiento de los indicadores osteoarticulares y de procesamiento de la información, al mismo tiempo que se plantean opciones terminológicas y procedimentales que contribuyan a generar un marco general para el desarrollo de estudios multimuestrales.
Abstract
Since the beginning of bioarchaeology, the studies of osteoarticular disorders use heterogeneous definitions, survey protocols, and analysis proposals, which usually disable adequate comparisons. This paper discusses some problems arising from the diversity of perspectives used, with the aim of highlighting the need to develop consensus for recording and analyzing data in order to generate comparable criteria. It reflects on aspects related to the process of recording of the musculoskeletal indicators and information processing, at the same time that it offers terminological and procedural options that contribute to the generation of frameworks for the development of multi-sample studies.
Desde los inicios de la bioarqueología, los estudios de las alteraciones osteoarticulares utilizan definiciones, protocolos de relevamiento y propuestas de análisis de los datos muy variados, lo cual generalmente imposibilita su adecuada comparación. En este trabajo se discuten algunos problemas derivados de esa diversidad de perspectivas, con el objetivo de plantear la necesidad de formular criterios consensuados de registro y análisis que permitan generar datos comparables. Se reflexiona sobre aspectos relativos al proceso de relevamiento de los indicadores osteoarticulares y de procesamiento de la información, al mismo tiempo que se plantean opciones terminológicas y procedimentales que contribuyan a generar un marco general para el desarrollo de estudios multimuestrales.
Abstract
Since the beginning of bioarchaeology, the studies of osteoarticular disorders use heterogeneous definitions, survey protocols, and analysis proposals, which usually disable adequate comparisons. This paper discusses some problems arising from the diversity of perspectives used, with the aim of highlighting the need to develop consensus for recording and analyzing data in order to generate comparable criteria. It reflects on aspects related to the process of recording of the musculoskeletal indicators and information processing, at the same time that it offers terminological and procedural options that contribute to the generation of frameworks for the development of multi-sample studies.
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