Palindrome

A transcription of Machaut's Rondeau 14, "Ma fin est ma commencement" ("my end is my beginning"). The score is rendered to be read both forwards and backwards as necessitated by the music. For an animated video of the score with a performance visit https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dcfPr4IN2MM

Today, according to the high levels of chronic renal failure prevalence, the application of permanent catheters has been increased. Effective development and identification of influential factors can lead to the long-term usage of catheter, reduced complications and improved life quality in patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the infection ofVector flow and the Palindrome catheters during vascular access in permanent hemodialysis patients. This clinical trial study was conducted on 185 hemodialysis patients with a permanent catheter in the Imam Reza Hospital in Kermanshah, Iran (2018). The patients were randomly allocated to the Vector flow(n=76) and the palindrome (n=70) groups. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software and statistical tests. P-value < 0.05 were considered significant. Totally, of 185 hemodialysis patients (59.6%) were male and (44.5%) female (44.5%). The average survival of the Vector flow (52.1%) was 6.55 ± 3.88 for most patients, and the palindrome (47.9 %) was 5.22 ± 2.88. The survival rates of the Vector flow(6.55) were more than the palindrome was (5.22). Also, in this study, survival rates during 3 and 6 months follow-up, was more significant than the palindrome group (P = 0.049). Catheter removal due to infection was observed in 15 patients (P =1.0). In this study, factors of age, gender, out catheter infection did not affect the survival rates in both catheters. In this study,catheter function in the vector flow group was more significant than the Palindrome group. Results showed that different catheter such as shape, tip, and diameter, were not affected by the survival rates of the two types of catheters at 12 month. Also, factors such as infection age, gender, and occupation did not affect the survival rates of permanent hemodialysis catheters in the Vector flow and the palindrome.

In this paper we investigate the injectivity of the Parikh matrix mapping. This research is done mainly on the binary alphabet. We identify a family of binary words, refered to as &quot;palindromic amiable&quot;, such that two such words are palindromic amiable if and only if they have the same image by the Parikh matrix mapping. Some other related problems are discussed, too.

We define a self-map Pal: F_2 --> F_2 of the free group on two generators a, b, using automorphisms of F_2 that form a group isomorphic to the braid group B_3. The map Pal restricts to de Luca's right iterated palindromic closure on the submonoid generated by a, b, and is continuous for the profinite topology on F_2. The values of Pal are palindromes and coincide with the elements g of F_2 such that abg is conjugate to bag.

In mitochondria, secondary structures punctuate post-transcriptional RNA processing. Recently described transcripts match the human mitogenome after systematic deletions of every 4th, respectively every 4th and 5th nucleotides, called delRNAs. Here I explore predicted stem-loop hairpin formation by delRNAs, and their associations with delRNA transcription and detected peptides matching their translation. Despite missing 25, respectively 40% of the nucleotides in the original sequence, del-transformed sequences form significantly more secondary structures than corresponding randomly shuffled sequences, indicating biological function, independently of, and in combination with, previously detected delRNA and thereof translated peptides. Self-hybridization decreases delRNA abundances, indicating downregulation. Systematic deletions of the human mitogenome reveal new, unsuspected coding and structural informations.

The swinger-transformed human mitogenome bears excess palindromes. Some swinger transformations reveal homology of mt tRNA Ala and mt replication origin. Swinger palindromes associate with swinger transcripts. Last point suggests stem-loop hairpin punctuation, as for regular mt transcription. a b s t r a c t Stem-loop hairpins punctuate mitochondrial post-transcriptional processing. Regulation of mitochon-drial swinger transcription, transcription producing RNAs matching the mitogenome only assuming systematic exchanges between nucleotides (23 bijective transformations along 9 symmetric exchanges Xo 4Y, e.g. A o 4G, and 14 asymmetric exchanges X4Y 4Z 4X, e.g. A 4G4 C4 A) remains unknown. Does swinger RNA self-hybridization regulate swinger, as regular, transcription? Groups of 8 swinger transformations share canonical self-hybridization properties within each group, group 0 includes identity (regular) transcription. The human mitogenome has more stem-loop hairpins than randomized sequences for all groups. Group 2 transformations reveal complementarity of the light strand replication origin (OL) loop and a neighboring tRNA gene, detecting the longtime presumed OL/tRNA homology. Non-canonical G¼ U pairings in hairpins increases with swinger RNA detection. These results confirm biological relevancy of swinger-transformed DNA/RNA, independently of, and in combination with, previously detected swinger DNA/RNA and swinger peptides. Swinger-transformed mitogenomes include unsuspected multilayered information.