Philosophy of Time and Space Research Papers

Resumen. En este trabajo, se presenta una reflexión teórica en torno a los retos metodológicos en el estudio de sociedades donde la diferencia étnica y cultural es la condición intrínseca y donde diferentes lógicas de transformación... more

Resumen.
En este trabajo, se presenta una reflexión teórica en torno a los retos metodológicos
en el estudio de sociedades donde la diferencia étnica y cultural es la condición
intrínseca y donde diferentes lógicas de transformación coexisten de manera tensa,
contradictoria y mutuamente constitutiva. El argumento central gira en torno a la
necesidad de que la mirada histórica se distancie de sus propios esquemas del
cambio, a fin de aproximarse a contextos donde la variabilidad cultural es simultánea
en el tiempo y en el espacio. Se hará énfasis sobre la mirada de la múltiple alteridad
hacia el mundo del analista, la variación en el tiempo, las diferencias de otros
tiempos y otros espacios y las multiplicidades culturales solapadas en los mismos tiempos y espacios. Asimismo, se argumentará en pro de la relevancia de las
relaciones mutuamente dependientes, pero con horizontes contradictorios de estos
universos multiculturales, a fin de superar los obstáculos epistemológicos de la
Historia Unilineal.
Palabras clave: miradas analíticas, crítica cultural, sociedades multiétnicas

Abstract.
This article presents a theoretical reflection around the methodological challenges in
the study of societies where ethnic and cultural differences are intrinsic conditions,
and where different logics of transformation coexist in a tense, contradictory, and
mutually constitutive way. The main argument sustains that the historical glance
must create a distance from its own schemes of change to approach to contexts
where cultural variability is simultaneous in time and space. The main emphasis will
be on the multiple otherness towards the analyst’s world of reference, the variability
of time, the differences in other times and other spaces, as well as the overlapping
between cultural multiplicities in the same times and spaces. In addition, there will
be an argument in favour of the the relevance of the relations mutually dependants,
but with contradictory horizons between different multicultural universes, to go
beyond the epistemological obstacles of Unilinear History.

Keywords: analytical approaches, cultural critics, multiethnic societies.

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- by Francisco Tiapa
- •
- 13
  History, Cultural History, Anthropology, Historical Anthropology

This paper examines Edmund Husserl’s fascination with the issues raised by David Hume’s critique of the philosophy of the ego and the continuity of consciousness. The path taken here follows a continental and phenomenological approach.... more

This essay examines the methodological detours that are at work in Martin Heidegger’s writing between the years of 1924 (The Concept of Time) and 1962 (the lecture, “Time and Being”). The aim is to demonstrate how his style of... more

The spacetime ontology is considered in General Relativity (GR) in view of the choice of a frame of reference (FR). Various approaches to a description of the FR, such as coordinate systems, monads and tetrads are reviewed. It is shown... more

1. Die Sapir-Whorf Hypothese
2. Indoeuropäische Sprachen unterstreichen die Zeit
3. Die biologische Relativität der Kategorien - Jacob von Uexkülls Umwelt-Lehre
4. Erlebte Zeit ist nicht Newtonisch
5. Die perspektivische Sicht

The semantics of the word virtus includes two "dominants"-virtue and power. On the basis of the meaning virtue, the "Platonic" group of meanings of the concept virtual was formed, and on the basis of the meaning strength / courage-the... more

The semantics of the word virtus includes two "dominants"-virtue and power. On the basis of the meaning virtue, the "Platonic" group of meanings of the concept virtual was formed, and on the basis of the meaning strength / courage-the "Aristotelian" group. Due to translation of the Greek word δύναμις with the Latin word virtus, word virtus was enriched both by the meanings of the word δύναμις and by the philosophical senses of Aristotle"s concept of δύναμις (potentiality and possibility. According to Aristotle"s view, form is pure ἐνέργεια (actuality); therefore there is no δύναμις (capability / potentiality or possibility) in it. However, common sense suggests that active form not less than passive matter has capabilities, and the capability (δύναμις) is not only enduring ("passive" capability), but is also influencing ("active" capability). Through introduction of two axis of the hierarchy of being-the extensiveness axis (for measuring of the extension of object in space and in "flow" of time) and the intensiveness axis (for measuring of the divisibility of matter of object in space)-it is possible to explain how pure ἐνέργεια can be the source of "active" capability, or potentiality. From the intensive perspective, the same object synchronously possesses different properties at each of the depth levels at which it is present. Thus, ἐνέργεια can be considered as having different properties in each of three levels of the hierarchy of being: 1) pure actuality at the highest, i.e. deepest level; 2) potentiality / δύναμις (field as a kind of matter) at the upper intermediate level; 3) "secondary" actuality (substance as a kind of matter) at the lower intermediate level. Primary matter (ὕλη), or pure possibility, is on the lower level. The senses of the concept of virtual are related to the intensive aspect of δύναμις, because it provides the existence of something implicit (the mental) that produces an obvious (substantial) effect. The intensive aspect manifests in two ways. 1. As active capability to form something else or to form himself / herself (it is actualization of potentiality, or motion from inside (i.e. from mental space) to outside). The senses of the concept of δύναμις, expressing active capability of the intensive aspect of δύναμις, are a source of such "Aristotelian" meaning as potential in the concept of virtual. 2. As passive capability to be formed by something else (either by "own" form or by the form of someone else); the way of realization of δύναμις is possibility of matter to be formed by © Zudilina Nadezhda, 2020 form (by the mental). The sense of the concept of δύναμις as the passive capability of ὕλη is a source of "Aristotelian" sense possible in the concept of virtual.

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- by Nadiya Zudilina and +1
  Nadezhda Zudilina
- •
- 20
  Philosophy, Ontology, Philosophy of Mind, Aristotle

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What it describes.

The spacetime ontology is considered in General Relativity (GR) in view of the choice of a frame of reference (FR). Various approaches to a description of the FR, such as coordinate systems, monads and tetrads are reviewed. It is shown... more

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- by Alexander Poltorak
- •
- 17
  Physics, Philosophy, Ontology, Philosophy of Science

Is future open? Physicists and metaphysicians question the nature of time, but what are the consequences of their theories on the concept of the future? The discovery of time can lead to the loss of freedom and of fate?

Philosophy of Time and Space

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