Prevention

La contenzione fisica è una misura frequentemente utilizzata, nonostante presenti un rischio piuttosto elevato di conseguenze negative, e per questo suscita ampio dibattito tra i professionisti in tutti i luoghi di cura. L’obiettivo che ci si pone attraverso questo elaborato è delineare le evidenze scientifiche, attraverso una revisione della letteratura, delle complicanze legate all’uso della contenzione fisica praticata negli ospedali e nelle strutture residenziali per anziani, evidenziandone la tipologia e le eventuali differenze dei due ambiti.

Guidelines were obtained from France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Sweden and the UK. Most guidelines recommend neuraminidase inhibitors over M2 inhibitors, but three countries were unclear or suggested M2 inhibitor use in some circumstances. Clinical ...

Recent reports have suggested that the problem of childhood and adolescent obesity has been exaggerated in Australia, and that community-wide obesity prevention initiatives are not warranted; we argue that this is not an accurate reflection of the situation. Available data indicate that obesity affects 6%-8% of Australian schoolchildren, and that the proportion has continued to increase in recent years. Childhood and adolescent obesity is associated with a wide range of immediate health concerns, as well as increasing the risk of disease in adulthood. Some weight-related health problems are also found in overweight children. A range of strategies, including whole-of-community obesity prevention programs, will be required to tackle this problem. Concerns about disordered eating in children and adolescents should not preclude appropriate action on childhood obesity.

Objective: Research has shown associations between college women's alcohol and/or drug consumption and the risk of sexual assault, but few studies have measured the various means by which sexual assault is achieved. Participants: The authors' Campus Sexual Assault Study obtained self-report data from a random sample of undergraduate women (N = 5,446). Methods: The authors collected data on sexual assault victimization by using a cross-sectional, Web-based survey, and they conducted analyses assessing the role of substance use. The authors also compared victimizations before and during college, and across years of study. Results: Findings indicate that almost 20% of undergraduate women experienced some type of completed sexual assault since entering college. Most sexual assaults occurred after women voluntarily consumed alcohol, whereas few occurred after women had been given a drug without their knowledge or consent. Conclusions: The authors discuss implications for campus sexual assault prevention programs, including the need for integrated substance use and sexual victimization prevention programming.

This study has the aim to analyze the Social Representation of the Hospital Infections elaborated by health professionals and health students of a public hospital of Teresina-PI. The study has a quantitative and descriptive approach. The data was produced based on the free association of words test and processed by the Tri-Deux Mots software gave origin to 563 words as response to the following stimulus: Hospital infection, invasive procedures, sterilization of materials and standard. The positions of the subjects regarding hospital infection was demonstrated with words such as: paramentation, probing and hands. The results reinforce the emphasis given by the health professionals to the paramentation for his own and the patient protection during invasive procedures, pointing out the importance to the hands hygiene.

Over the past several years, increased interest in preventing youth problems and promoting healthy youth development has led youth and family practitioners, policy makers, and researchers to develop a wide range of approaches based on various theoretical frameworks. Although the growth in guiding frameworks has led to more complex models and a greater diversity in the options available to scholars and practitioners, the lack of an integrative conceptual scheme and consistent terminology has led to some confusion in the field. Here, we provide an overview of three approaches to youth development and problem prevention, critically examine their strengths and weaknesses, and offer some elaborations to help clarify, extend, and integrate the models. We conclude by discussing some general implications for researchers, practitioners, and policy makers. I n recent years, efforts to address youth problems and enhance youth development have become increasingly more broad-based, involving fam...

These experiments tested the hypothesis that short-term endurance exercise training would rapidly improve (within 5 days) the diaphragm oxidative/antioxidant capacity and protect the diaphragm against contraction-induced oxidative stress. To test this postulate, male Sprague-Dawley rats (6 weeks old) ran on a motorized treadmill for 5 consecutive days (40-60 min x day(-1)) at approximately 65% maximal oxygen uptake. Costal diaphragm strips were excised from both sedentary control (CON, n=14) and trained (TR, n=13) animals 24 h after the last exercise session, for measurement of in vitro contraction properties and selected biochemical parameters of oxidative/antioxidant capacity. Training did not alter diaphragm force-frequency characteristics over a full range of submaximal and maximal stimulation frequencies (P > 0.05). In contrast, training improved diaphragm resistance to fatigue as contraction forces were better-maintained by the diaphragms of the TR animals during a submaxim...

É nos períodos de crise, como aquele que vivemos, que mais úteis se tornam os conhecimentos acumulados ao longo de anos de investigação fundamental.
No caso de Moçambique, as anteriores pesquisas acerca dos particularismos culturais e das condições de existência da população permitirão, agora, adaptar as regras supostamente universais de prevenção da covid-19 às realidades do país, tornando-as praticáveis e eficazes. Paulo Granjo 5 de Julho de 2020, 7:33 A frase de abertura deste artigo poderá parecer paradoxal a alguns leitores. Então não é verdade que-diz-nos o sociólogo Patrick Lagadec-a "crise" é uma situação de incerteza em que as dificuldades se entrecruzam num fenómeno global, no qual as formas habituais de análise e gestão e os instrumentos de resposta que estavam previstos se revelam inúteis, quando não agravam os problemas?

This study assesses whether severity of physical partner aggression is associated with alcohol consumption at the time of the incident, and whether the relationship between drinking and aggression severity is the same for men and women and across different countries. National or large regional general population surveys were conducted in 13 countries as part of the GENACIS collaboration. Respondents described the most physically aggressive act done to them by a partner in the past 2 years, rated the severity of aggression on a scale of 1 to 10, and reported whether either partner had been drinking when the incident occurred. Severity ratings were significantly higher for incidents in which one or both partners had been drinking compared to incidents in which neither partner had been drinking. The relationship did not differ significantly for men and women or by country. We conclude that alcohol consumption may serve to potentiate violence when it occurs, and this pattern holds acros...