Article 9 of the Polish Constitution states: The Republic of Poland shall respect international law binding upon it. According to this provision all organs of public authority are obliged to ensure effectiveness of international... more
Article 9 of the Polish Constitution states: The Republic of Poland shall respect international law binding upon it. According to this provision all organs of public authority are obliged to ensure effectiveness of international agreements which are binding on Poland. The condition for direct effectiveness of international agreements in the national law (understood as a possibility of derivations rights and obligations for individuals from that agreements) is the official publication of the said conventions. This article analyses the provisions of Polish law governing the official publication of international agreements and assesses the long established practices in this area. As a result of this research several sensitive areas have been identified. First and foremost concerning the actual publication of concluded international agreements. Comparison of the number of international agreements concluded in years 2000–2008 available in the database of Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs with the number of international agreements announced in the Official Journal shows that only 57% of those agreements were properly published. Furthermore problems have also been identified as: – failure to publish information on entry into force and the changes pertaining to the actual number of contracting parties, – failure to publish information about the deposit of the ratifying documents or documents terminating the agreement, lack of or incomplete information about reservations or objections to the agreements submitted by the contracting parties, which makes it difficult or even impossible to establish the exact scope of the agreement, – delays in official publishing of international agreements (very often documents are published many years after the ratification or even after coming into force). Each of the above mentioned deficiencies concerning the proper official publication of international agreements is not acceptable in the democratic state governed by the rule of law, respecting the binding rules of international law. The authors propose an amendment of the existing legal rules and practice. In conclusion certain proposals de lege ferenda and proposals in relation to existing practices aiming towards eliminating irregularities in the official publication of international agreements in Poland are formulated.
Many organizations, ought to have strategic plans to achieve their set objectives and eventually achieve their success. In most cases, organizations do not consider the importance of strategic plans in organizations` performance.... more
Many organizations, ought to have strategic plans to achieve their set objectives and eventually achieve their success. In most cases, organizations do not consider the importance of strategic plans in organizations` performance. Therefore, this study is targeted to investigate the nexus between strategy implementation and industry performance in Kenya. The study also investigated the effect of organizational culture on strategic plan implementation and performance of Kenyan Industries and more specifically Meru Law Courts. Descriptive study was applied for the study and stratified sampling was also used to get sample size. The target population was 146 employees of the Kenyan judiciary and the sample size was 107 employees which were derived from the target population. Data collection technique for the study was questionnaires as they were simple and cheap to administer. Data for the study was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. Multiple linear reg...
Education is one of the liberating forces anticipated for an egalitarian society based on equality and justice. Makers of the Indian Constitution cognized of its value have set a deadline of 10 years after the promulgation of the... more
Education is one of the liberating forces anticipated for an egalitarian society based on equality and justice. Makers of the Indian Constitution cognized of its value have set a deadline of 10 years after the promulgation of the constitution to achieve universal compulsory education for all children up to the age of 14. To much distress, after 74 years of independence, even primary education is far from being universal, but the state has relentlessly pursued the goal. Much of the population have reaped the fruits of Modern Education, but a significant population is lagging. Scheduled Tribe, with more than 104 million people, has poorly performed compared to the rest of the people. The current study will comprehensively review the issues and challenges for imparting education to children fromindigenous communities. The article is entirely based on secondary data gathered from various government sources and derived from numerous research studies conducted in India. The study’s outcom...
Many organizations, ought to have strategic plans to achieve their set objectives and eventually achieve their success. In most cases, organizations do not consider the importance of strategic plans in organizations` performance.... more
Many organizations, ought to have strategic plans to achieve their set objectives and eventually achieve their success. In most cases, organizations do not consider the importance of strategic plans in organizations` performance. Therefore, this study is targeted to investigate the nexus between strategy implementation and industry performance in Kenya. The study also investigated the effect of organizational culture on strategic plan implementation and performance of Kenyan Industries and more specifically Meru Law Courts. Descriptive study was applied for the study and stratified sampling was also used to get sample size. The target population was 146 employees of the Kenyan judiciary and the sample size was 107 employees which were derived from the target population. Data collection technique for the study was questionnaires as they were simple and cheap to administer. Data for the study was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. Multiple linear reg...
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los efectos de la Ley 1819 de 2016 en un grupo de fundaciones colombianas sin ánimo de lucro que hasta su promulgación contaban con un régimen tributario especial (RTE). Para llevar a cabo el... more
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar los efectos de la Ley 1819 de 2016 en un grupo de fundaciones colombianas sin ánimo de lucro que hasta su promulgación contaban con un régimen tributario especial (RTE). Para llevar a cabo el análisis empírico se eligieron 62 fundaciones que contrataron con la Gobernación de Sucre durante el periodo 2015-2018. Se analizó la información de ellas dos años antes y dos años después de la entrada en vigencia de la Ley, utilizando como fuentes la Cámara de Comercio de Sincelejo y la Dirección de Impuestos y Aduanas Nacionales (DIAN). En el trabajo se hacen recomendaciones para que las gobernaciones en adelante contraten con este tipo de entidades solo cuando cumplan un objeto social de interés general, no particular.
This article reviews the history of issuing regulations without due promulgation in the first decade of Israel. ‘Covert’ secondary legislation was widely used in two contexts – the ‘austerity policy’ and ‘security’ issues, both contexts... more
This article reviews the history of issuing regulations without due promulgation in the first decade of Israel. ‘Covert’ secondary legislation was widely used in two contexts – the ‘austerity policy’ and ‘security’ issues, both contexts intersecting in the state's attitude toward the Palestinian minority, at the time living under military rule. This article will demonstrate that, although analytically the state’s branches were committed to upholding the ‘Rule of Law’, the state used methods of covert legislation, that were in contrast to this principle.
Many organizations, ought to have strategic plans to achieve their set objectives and eventually achieve their success. In most cases, organizations do not consider the importance of strategic plans in organizations` performance.... more
Many organizations, ought to have strategic plans to achieve their set objectives and eventually achieve their success. In most cases, organizations do not consider the importance of strategic plans in organizations` performance. Therefore, this study is targeted to investigate the nexus between strategy implementation and industry performance in Kenya. The study also investigated the effect of organizational culture on strategic plan implementation and performance of Kenyan Industries and more specifically Meru Law Courts. Descriptive study was applied for the study and stratified sampling was also used to get sample size. The target population was 146 employees of the Kenyan judiciary and the sample size was 107 employees which were derived from the target population. Data collection technique for the study was questionnaires as they were simple and cheap to administer. Data for the study was analyzed using descriptive statistics and multiple linear regression. Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the data to determine the degree of relationship between the variables under study. The hypotheses were tested using multiple linear regression at 5% level of significance. The data for the study was then presented in form of frequency tables, charts and graphs. The study recommends that a further study should be undertaken and extended to other Counties to assess whether different findings may be reached regarding the issue under study.
