Puerto

A new species, Halichrysis corallinarius sp. nov. is described from coral reef habitats in southwest Puerto Rico as well as from Grand Cayman Island. The new species produces strap-shaped thalli supported above the substrata by abundant peg-like stipes. The lobed branches are frequently anastomosed with colonies measuring to 4.0 cm broad with individual axes measuring to 7.0 mm across. Algae possess up to five layers of medullary cells with frequent open spaces in the medulla. Tetrasporangia, measure to 19 × 25 μm, and are borne in sori limited to ventral surfaces. Gametophytes are monoecious and hemispherical carposporophytes are produced dorsally, measuring to 900 μm in diameter and 600 μm high.

This paper deals with the role experienced by the port of Cartagena de Indias in the Colombian Caribbean Coast during the early colonial period in the sixteenth century. It is argued that the city shifted its function from a convenient trading outpost for the Spanish settlements of the islands (Santo Domingo and Cuba) to an strategic hobble and shipment center of the precious metals mined following the settlement of the inland. Cartagena became the main point of commercial exchange, where gold and silver were traded  by  European  manufactured  goods,  activity  that  made  the  city  one  of  the mainstays of the Spanish system of ports in the Caribbean