— Geostatistical modeling technicality hasutilized to build the geological models before scaling-up. Possible images of the area under investigation have provided from these methods that honor the well data and have the same variability... more
— Geostatistical modeling technicality hasutilized to build the geological models before scaling-up. Possible images of the area under investigation have provided from these methods that honor the well data and have the same variability computed from the original data. Property modeling is the process of filling the cells of the grid with discrete (facies) or continuous (petrophysics) properties. When interpolation between data points, propagate property values along the grid layers have executed. The main branch in the modeling algorithms obtainable is between Deterministic and Stochastic methods in Petrel. Both kinds of algorithms are available in the Facies and Petrophysical modeling processes.The process of well log up scaling is required to post values in each cell of the 3D grid where each of the wells is situated; to achieve these averages well properties are used to populate each of the cells. Three Dimension modeling has built depending to 12 wells for Mishrif formation in Amara oil field. All wells have PHIE and Water Saturation logs, which exported from interactive petrophysics software. Thereafter, scale up well logs has carried out for these wells. To building the model, there are different methods of distribution of petrophysical properties. Eight methods have executed in order to propagate property values through construct Porosity and Water Saturation Models. Depending on the results, there are not data from the modeling corresponding exactly to the true data from the log interpretation for the same well, but it approximate from the true data in different percentage .Sequential Gaussian Simulation suitable algorithm method to build the 3D modeling for Mishrif formation.
The Mamuniyat petroleum reservoir in southwestern Libya is comprised of clean sandstones and interca-lated shale and sand facies that are characterized by spatial porosity variations. Seismic reflection data from the field exhibit... more
The Mamuniyat petroleum reservoir in southwestern Libya is comprised of clean sandstones and interca-lated shale and sand facies that are characterized by spatial porosity variations. Seismic reflection data from the field exhibit relatively low vertical seismic resolution, side lobes of reflection wavelets, reflection interference , and low acoustic impedance contrast between the reservoir and the units underneath the reservoir, which make mapping those facies a difficult task. In the absence of broadband seismic data, optimizing frequency bands of bandlimited data can be used to suppress pseudoreflectors resulting from side-lobe effects and help to separate the clean sandstone facies of the reservoir. We have optimized the data based on our investigation of seismic frequency bands and used instantaneous frequency analysis to reveal the reflection discontinuity that is mainly associated with the reservoir boundary of the sandstone facies of the clean Mamuniyat reservoir. We also preformed rock-physics diagnostic modeling and inverted the seismic data using spectral-based colored inversion into relative acoustic impedance. The inverted impedance matches the up-scaled impedance from the well data and the inversion of relative acoustic impedance confirms the conclusion that was drawn from the instantaneous frequency results. The interpretation of facies distributions based on the instantaneous frequency was supported by the inversion results and the rock-physics models.
The change in the stratification pattern in Boadella Reservoir (Catalonia, Spain) due to the switch in water withdrawal was investigated for a 6-month period in the year 2000. A numerical one-dimensional model (DLM) was used to predict... more
The change in the stratification pattern in Boadella Reservoir (Catalonia, Spain) due to the switch in water withdrawal was investigated for a 6-month period in the year 2000. A numerical one-dimensional model (DLM) was used to predict the thermal structure of the reservoir during the period of maximum water demand. The model was found to satisfactorily predict the basic trends of the thermal stratification of the water column of the reservoir. We used this model to investigate various possible water withdrawal scenarios. When thermal stratification has been completely developed, the location of the main thermocline coincides with the depth of the outlet, in the various withdrawal scenarios considered. The possible effect of the switch between outlets on the water quality of the reservoir is discussed.
Although reservoir characterization has been carried out by many researchers on the sedimentary package of the Bengal basin hydrocarbon province, integration of petrophysical and seismic sequence-based reservoir evaluation is rarely taken... more
Although reservoir characterization has been carried out by many researchers on the sedimentary package of the Bengal basin hydrocarbon province, integration of petrophysical and seismic sequence-based reservoir evaluation is rarely taken into account. This paper focuses on the identification of gas zones, reserve estimation and identification of new prospects in Srikail gas field within the eastern fold belt of Bengal basin integrating four wireline logs and 2D seismic data. Our study finds seven hydrocarbon-bearing zones (A, B, C, D, E, F and G) within the measured depth between 2429.5 and 3501 m. Petrophysical properties of seven hydrocarbon-bearing zones indicate that they are good quality reservoir sands. The gas horizons were mapped on seismic sections which reveal that the NW–SE anticlinal structure is largely affected by channels in the crest and western flank. The channels are infilled by fine-grained sediments which act as cap rock on northern and western parts of the stru...
Abstract: Numerical simulation and modeling has dominated the computation-al sciences for decades. From Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to Numer-ical Reservoir Simulation (NRS) most of the computational modeling is per-formed by... more
Abstract: Numerical simulation and modeling has dominated the computation-al sciences for decades. From Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to Numer-ical Reservoir Simulation (NRS) most of the computational modeling is per-formed by numerically solving a set of nonlinear partial differential equations. When historical or experimental data exists, it is used to calibrate the computa-tional model. In this paper we propose a technology to use the historical and/or simulated to build data driven models. These data driven models that are devel-oped using artificial intelligence and data mining technologies have many uses some of which are: when the physics of the phenomenon being models is poorly understood and when the numerical modeling is computational expensive. In this paper we use modeling of petroleum reservoirs to introduce this new mod-eling technology based on pattern recognition capabilities of artificial intelli-gence and data mining.
The Naft Shahr oilfield is located along the boundary between Iran and Iraq. Considerable research activity in the study and design of horizontal oil and gas wells was performed in order to increase production efficiency and extraction of... more
The Naft Shahr oilfield is located along the boundary between Iran and Iraq. Considerable research activity in the study and design of horizontal oil and gas wells was performed in order to increase production efficiency and extraction of this field. In this investigation, well ...
Petrophysical rock typing (PRT) and permeability prediction are of great significance for various disciplines of oil and gas industry. This study offers a novel, explainable data-driven approach to enhance the accuracy of petrophysical... more
Petrophysical rock typing (PRT) and permeability prediction are of great significance for various disciplines of oil and gas industry. This study offers a novel, explainable data-driven approach to enhance the accuracy of petrophysical rock typing via a combination of supervised and unsupervised machine learning methods. 128 core data, including porosity, permeability, connate water saturation (Swc), and radius of pore throats at 35% mercury injection (R35) were obtained from a heterogeneous carbonate reservoir in Iran and used to train a supervised machine learning algorithm called Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB). The algorithm output was a modified formation zone index (FZIM*), which was used to accurately estimate permeability (R2 = 0.97) and R35 (R2 = 0.95). Moreover, FZIM* was combined with an unsupervised machine learning algorithm (K-means clustering) to find the optimum number of PRTs. 4 petrophysical rock types (PRTs) were identified via this method, and the range of their ...
Geologic storage projects associated with large anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) will have lifecycles that may easily span a century, involve several numerical simulation cycles, and have distinct modeling teams. The... more
Geologic storage projects associated with large anthropogenic sources of greenhouse gases (GHG) will have lifecycles that may easily span a century, involve several numerical simulation cycles, and have distinct modeling teams. The process used for numerical simulation of ...
The persistence of atrazine, one of the most applied herbicides in corn cropping areas, in an aquatic environment is dependent upon environmental conditions, i.e. temperature, sunlight, and presence of microorganisms. As these conditions... more
The persistence of atrazine, one of the most applied herbicides in corn cropping areas, in an aquatic environment is dependent upon environmental conditions, i.e. temperature, sunlight, and presence of microorganisms. As these conditions vary seasonally, accurate determination of a time-variable degradation rate is important for the prediction of its fate and transport in surface water. A mass balance was performed to estimate the time-variable transformation rate (or half-life) of atrazine in the Saylorville Reservoir, Iowa. Calculated atrazine concentrations were compared with field data to verify the estimated half-life, which agreed reasonably well with the trends of observed values. A significant inverse relationship between the half-life and the hours of sunlight was obtained, showing the effectiveness of photodegradation. Estimated annual atrazine budget showed that 60% of the atrazine transported into the reservoir exited unchanged via outflow releases, while 40% was by kine...
In the beginning of the field's exploitation, it was believed that where net gas thickness was greater, the associated production would also be greater. This assumption changed as time passed, as wells were found with similar net gas... more
In the beginning of the field's exploitation, it was believed that where net gas thickness was greater, the associated production would also be greater. This assumption changed as time passed, as wells were found with similar net gas thicknesses but different production behavior. Available petrophysical studies at that time did not explain these differences, resulting in difficult reservoir analysis for the field. To characterize the formation in a more precise manner, an integral petrophysical analysis was conducted, using all available information (core, production, geology and seismic). The analysis identified zones with high content of calcareous cement which affected the quality of the reservoir and its production potential. A multi-mineral petrophysics model that considers the existing lithologic factors and its influence in the rocks’ properties was used to locate the calcareous intervals, thus helping to reduce economic risk and investment of time in the development of t...
In recent years reservoir characterization through the use of geostatistics has become an almost routine part of production geology. Many techniques are available within the broad title of geostatistics, having been developed in response... more
In recent years reservoir characterization through the use of geostatistics has become an almost routine part of production geology. Many techniques are available within the broad title of geostatistics, having been developed in response to many types of problem. One characteristic feature of almost all techniques (Stochastic Indicator Simulation, Boolean [open quotes]object[close quotes] Modeling, Gaussian [and Truncated Gaussian] methods and
