Paradigm of the Kal. Mart. calendar, to track the nundinal day and week sequence (different from the Kal. Ian. calendar). Appended brief discussion of the Roman hyperbainic (intercalary) day, and the theory that the calendar year was... more
Paradigm of the Kal. Mart. calendar, to track the nundinal day and week sequence (different from the Kal. Ian. calendar).
Appended brief discussion of the Roman hyperbainic (intercalary) day, and the theory that the calendar year was changed by the Acilia edict de intercalando (192 B.C.) in order to rationalize intercalation by removing the nundinal-G/nonal omen avoidance factor
By combining the critical analysis of ancient literature with archaeology and modern atmospheric data, this paper explores the limitations of ancient source material treating the topic of mining in Roman Spain from the beginning of third... more
By combining the critical analysis of ancient literature with archaeology and modern atmospheric data, this paper explores the limitations of ancient source material treating the topic of mining in Roman Spain from the beginning of third century B.C. during the outbreak of the second major Punic War (c. 218-201 BC) until the end of the first-century CE. By evidencing historical treatments by ancient authors writing on mining as sparse and devoid of detail, an interdisciplinary approach combining ancient with modern empirical data is posited as a viable method that can be used to overcome ancient source limitations on mining. Ultimately, this study supports an empirically founded idea: that for the Roman mining enterprise, a proto-industrial revolution occurred at around 100 B.C. that would not be rivaled in size and scope until the modern industrial revolution in Europe in the 18th-century.
