this was an class assignment but i wished to share it with everyone who wants to read about Rwandan culture, and see how Rwanda had some great orators.
Often downplayed by most historians, this image displays the prolific impact German East Africa held on the communities within the protectorates borders. Although only a handful of white faces show the direct impact of imperial forces,... more
Often downplayed by most historians, this image displays the prolific impact German East Africa held on the communities within the protectorates borders. Although only a handful of white faces show the direct impact of imperial forces, the militarized Africans under the direction of their foreign occupants speaks volumes to the sociopolitical power wielded by Germany. Deutsch-Ostafrika, Askarikompanie, photograph, c. 1914 (Berlin, DE: German Federal Archives).
Colonial claims appear to be a minor issue in the light of the subjects dealt with by the Peace Conference. In 1919, Africa and the fate of its populations seemed far removed from the European battlefields. The prevailing impression was... more
Colonial claims appear to be a minor issue in the light of the subjects dealt with by the Peace Conference. In 1919, Africa and the fate of its populations seemed far removed from the European battlefields. The prevailing impression was that the colonial question would be resolved quickly and pragmatically on the basis of the military victories of the powers concerned. For Belgium, the objective was to obtain the mandate over Ruanda-Urundi. The present contribution, which is essentially based on the archives of the Ministries of Foreign and Colonies, as well as on the papers and writings left by Octave Louwers and Pierre Orts, attempts to approach the Belgian claim from the country's colonial specificities. In this sense, it is appropriate to return to the climate of the early years of the Belgian Congo before dwelling on the colonial war aims and to examine their evolution.
The devastating genocide against the Tutsi claimed the lives of more than 800,000 Tutsi, moderate Hutu, and Twa people in Rwanda in 1994. Since then, the post-genocide government of Rwanda has embarked upon a unique and ambitious... more
The devastating genocide against the Tutsi claimed the lives of more than 800,000 Tutsi, moderate Hutu, and Twa people in Rwanda in 1994. Since then, the post-genocide government of Rwanda has embarked upon a unique and ambitious nation-rebuilding and reconciliation program which has restructured the social and physical landscape through modern development initiatives and "homegrown" solutions to reconciliation and national unity. Some of these solutions include gacaca community-based courts to try genocide suspects, a monthly community service day called umuganda, and ingando camps which aim to re-educate Rwandans on issues of history, unity, and civics. Many of these approaches to unity and reconciliation allege a rootedness in traditional Rwandan culture and claim to provide opportunities for participation among all citizens. By Anna Kamanzi for Debates Indígenas.
