The global trade in media commodities involves an entire secondary mechanism intended to port, acclimatise, and make palatable foreign content to a local audience. This process, known as ‘localization,’ is typically associated with...
moreThe global trade in media commodities involves an entire secondary mechanism intended to port, acclimatise, and make palatable foreign content to a local audience. This process, known as ‘localization,’ is typically associated with linguistic conversion but can involve other forms of adaptation such as editing or replacing portions of both sound and image with content specifically tailored to local tastes and customs, a process referred to as ‘culturalization.’ The industry lore on which localization and culturalization training programmes rely presents the work of adaptation as an unstable and bewildering terrain requiring constant learning and flexibility. A form of “industrial reflexivity,” this genre of knowledge transfers onto the field of cultural production the temperament of post-industrial, post-national working practices, emerging as “part of both corporate macrostrategies and human microstrategies” for balancing acts of power within the global cultural industries (Caldwell 34). Though this kind of industry lore attempts to remain faithful to easily verifiable real-world facts regarding language and culture, my presentation demonstrates that it introduces a new cultural geography in which creative work is positioned as in constant need of correction and tutelage. How do the actors involved in global media trade think? What cultural differences do they imagine, so that they may overcome them? Following the ethnographic turn in critical screen industry studies and production cultures present in the recent work Meyer, Perren, Holt, Deuze, Hesmondhalgh, Tinic, Straubhaar, Acland, Banks, and others, I will examine how a global media cultural compass is fashioned to create a need for expert navigators, which in turn influences production environments and shapes the experience of media. Alongside examples from my own post-production studio work, I will analyse the discursive strategies employed by various popular industry sources to identify how they conjure up and present the work of localization and adaptation. The highly specialized professional expertise these sources offer is analysed as a para-governmentality tool, a “psy-technology,” aiming to shape and control “industries, practices, and subjects . . . . in ambiguous and chaotic ways” (Conor 122).