Space Use

Sensory innovation in the flavor industry is a pro- cess that relies heavily on user involvement to carry out critical sampling trials at a high cost. We are interested in how recommender systems, in par- ticular, have an important role to play in view of addressing some of their key challenges and con- straints. We describe a purpose-built sensory rec-

This paper presents novel emerging robotic technologies for space applications conceived by reverse engineering ideas from nature. Although plant and animal species have evolved in the terrestrial environment, we believe that there is compelling potential for taking inspiration from nature to conceive novel, high-performance robotic systems for space use. This paper highlights the advantages that a biomimetic approach could lead and presents concept designs of innovative bio-inspired mechatronic systems investigated in recent years by the authors. Index Terms – Biomimetics, Robotics, Mechatronics, Space, Emerging Technologies

Interior space design is a collaborative process for deriving different proposals on the content and structure of any type of interior space. This process is partially supported by mainstream CAD systems which are not designed for that particular task but for general engineering-or architectural-design development. Although, several add-on modules have been developed for supporting mainly arctitectural design, still, significant effort is required in order to employ a CAD system due to their increased requiremenets and slow learning ...

This study investigated the anti-predator strategies adopted by 19 radio-collared female roe deer during the fawning season by monitoring their spatial behaviour and habitat selection by means of radio-tracking. The study was carried out in a forest area of the Apennine Mountains (central Italy), where wolves are natural predators of roe deer and in summer fawns are more frequently predated than adult roe deer. The presence of fawns was monitored by means of direct observations. Roe deer fawns are known to adopt the hiding strategy during the lactation period, when they lie concealed for long periods waiting for their mothers' milk. As a consequence of this, the home-range sizes of mothers were significantly smaller than those of non-mothers during the summer lactation only. In contrast, no significant difference was found in spring, when fawns were absent, or autumn, when they were already weaned. In order to increase the success of the hiding strategy adopted by their fawns ag...

The purposes of this study were: (1) to apply wavelet and principal component analysis to quantify the spectral properties of the surface EMG and MMG signals from biceps brachii during isometric ramp and step muscle contractions when the motor units are recruited in an orderly manner, and (2) to compare the recruitment patterns of motor unit during isometric ramp and step muscle contractions. Twenty healthy participants (age = 34 ± 10.7 years) performed step and ramped isometric contractions. Surface EMG and MMG were recorded from biceps brachii. The EMGs and MMGs were decomposed into their intensities in time-frequency space using a wavelet technique. The EMG and MMG spectra were then compared using principal component analysis (PCA) and ANCOVA. Wavelet combined PCA offers a quantitative measure of the contribution of high and low frequency content within the EMG and MMG. The ANCOVA indicated that there was no significant difference in EMG total intensity, EMG(MPF), first and second principal component loading scores (PCI and PCII) between ramp and step contractions, whereas the MMG(MPF) and MMG PCI loading scores were significantly higher during ramp contractions than during step contractions. These findings suggested that EMG and MMG may offer complimentary information regarding the interactions between motor unit recruitment and firing rate that control muscle force production. In addition, our results support the hypothesis that different motor unit recruitment strategy was used by the muscle when contracting under different conditions.

Advanced measurement methods using microelectronic test chips are described. These chips are intended to be used in acquiring the data needed to qualify Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC's) for space use. Efforts were focused on developing the technology for obtaining custom IC's from CMOS/bulk silicon foundries. A series of test chips were developed: a parametric test strip, a fault chip,

ÖZET İçinde insanların yaşadığı, çevresi duvarlarla çevrili, odaları, kendine ait çatısı ve bazen de bahçesi olan farklı malzemelerden oluşabilen bir yapıdır ev. Türk evi ise; eski Osmanlı devletinin sınırları içinde-Rumeli ve Anadolu Bölgelerinde-yerleşmiş, gelişmiş ve 500 sene kadar tutunmuş kendi özellikleriyle oluşmuş bir ev tipidir. Türk evi, 19.yy ile başlayan modernleşme ve batılılaşma akımına bağlı olarak değişmiştir. Batı kültürü etkisiyle ataerkil yaşayan geleneksel Türk aile tipi, yerini çekirdek aile tipine bırakmıştır. Bu yaşam şekli de evlere yansıyarak Türk evinin yaşam alanının sınırlanmasına neden olmuştur. Bu çalışmada, Türk evi kavramı, tasarım ilkeleri, plan tipi ve iç mekân kurgusu, mekânsal kullanım özellikleri, Düzce'nin tarihsel olarak ilk yerleşim yerlerinden olan Konuralp beldesinde yer alan iki adet geleneksel konut örnek alınarak, Türk Evi mimarisi bağlamında incelenmiştir. ABSTRACT The house in which people live is a structure that is surrounded by walls, has rooms, has own roof, sometimes has a garden and that can be formed with different materials. The Turkish house is the type of the house that has own characteristics and that was located, developed and settled about 500 yearlong within borders of the Ottoman Empire –in Rumeli and Anatolian Regions-, as well. The Turkish House has altered depending on the movement of modernization and westernization starting with the 19th century. Turkish traditional family-type living patriarchal with the effects of Western culture, is replaced by the nuclear family type. This way of life reflecting to the houses, has also caused living space of Turkish House to be limited. In this study, the concept of Turkish House, design principles, plan type and interior space organization and spatial use properties have been examined in the context of Turkish House architecture. Two traditional houses in Düzce-Konuralp city have been taken as case study.

Summary Windows can introduce considerable heat gains and losses that may offset the benefits of electric light savings and cause an increase in yearly net energy use. The use of shading devices is necessary to prevent overheating and provide a glare-free visual environment. The common shading devices that have been in use in buildings are exterior overhang and interior blinds and roller shades. This study examines the impacts of exterior overhang, roller shade, and blinds devices on the total yearly energy loads for a prototypical classroom space situated in Boulder, Colorado. The measured bi- directional transmittance characteristics for a roller shade were applied to the yearly daylight availability analysis. Coordinated modeling, with an advanced daylight and electric lighting simulation program and a building thermal simulation program based on hourly weather data was used to compute yearly total building energy use. Annual lighting, cooling and heating loads for a side-lit spa...

The aim of this study was to evaluate retentive strengths of three adhesive/resin cement/fiber post systems to the apical third of post-space dentin varying the application method of the luting agent. ENA post (Micerium, Avegno, Genova, Italy), FRC Postec Plus (Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein), and Anatomical Post (Dentalica, Milano, Italy) were luted in prepared root canals using the adhesive system and resin cement provided by the respective manufacturer. Each group was randomly divided into three subgroups (n = 10) according to the technique used to place the luting agent into post space: using a lentulo spiral, applying the cement onto the post surface, and injecting the material with a specific syringe. A push-out test was performed on sections from the post-space apical part of each specimen. All fractured specimens were observed using a stereomicroscope. Bond strength values were not significantly affected by the application technique of the luting agent (p > 0.05)...