Streetscape

Chapter 3 presents empirically informed analyses of a number of new public
space projects initiated first as counter-projects and counter-spaces
by a variety of community and historic preservation society interests.
It demonstrates further that, Vancouver City Council (VCC) proved
receptive to the counter-projects and provided an overarching strategic
spatial framework within which the projects on the ground were
devised and implemented. This chapter also introduces the importance
of the social animation of public space, whether through politicised
collective action or ludic enjoyment. Changing representations of space
through time are shown to have implications for spatial practice on the ground, based on differences in the way social behaviour in public
space is understood and interpreted.

This article argues that urban skateboarding and the laws by which the city is governed must be understood as intertwined. The transformation of skateboarding's most popular practices from the 1970s onward are a product of an ongoing dialectical engagement between young people and the law. When faced with shifting landscapes of property and liability, young skaters have adapted their practices, seeking out new types of terrain. This search has led skateboarding into the public spaces of the city and regimes of urban governance. Contemporary efforts to build public skateparks in cities such as Seattle, Washington are properly contextualized as part of a continuing evolution of skaters' agency in responding to and capitalizing on openings in the legal landscape. By working both within the political system and constructing skateparks outside conventional political avenues, skatepark advocates seek spaces that are free from increasingly restrictive conventional logics of private and public property.

The aim of this research is to unravel and interrogate critically the recent histories of the production and reproduction of Castlefield, Manchester. This unravelling is accomplished theoretically through the historicised application of Lefebvre‘s spatial triad. Production of space histories and Castlefield‘s ‗regeneration‘ are revisited principally through archival and interview evacuations of the neglected years of the 1970s. Urban public space is seen as the key city synecdoche. The thesis argues against what is called the ‗dominant academic narrative‘: challenging the narrative where it ignores or downplays the role of counter-representations and counter-projects in the production of urban public space. The empirical research is based mainly on archival data and complimentary interview and visual data; the analyses are qualitative. Visual representations of space largely neglected in the literature are foregrounded throughout the empirical research. Spaces of representation and spatial practice are interrogated from the perspective of public space analysis which emphasises the importance of the contested nature of representations of space within the public sector and the vulnerable and unstable character of some official representations of space. The thesis therefore does not seek to reproduce what might be called a ‗traditional‘ Lefebvrian analysis which counter-poses repressive official representations of space against quotidian heroic, poetic spaces of representation. The research challenges oversimplified characterisations of Castlefield as a space simply of heritage, leisure and exclusive residential enclaves. A dynamic, complex spatial portrait is revealed whereby ludic, ‗natural‘ and abstract space rise and fall though intricate spatial layering as time unfolds. Urban differential space and ludic space are found to emerge through the interstices of abstract space as key outcomes of the contestation of space. The thesis concludes that the potential for differential urban public space exists through the production of new spaces and their diverse politicised appropriation.

The urban street network forms the basis for the pattern of movement in any built environment The pattern of movement has imminent effects on the built environment notably on land-use, land values, crime pattern, spatial expansion, etc. Analysing the urban street network by using space syntax techniques, helps in understanding the effects of the spatial network on the built environment, as these techniques use the language of graphs and data to represent the spatial relationships. Similarly, analysing the street network of newly planned cities genuinely helps in anticipating the pattern of movement on the street network, which is desirable for urban planners to understand the effects of their design. In this paper, an attempt has been made to analyse and understand the effects of the street network of Amaravati (the new Capital City for the State of Andhra Pradesh) on its pattern of mobility, land-use, land values and spatial expansion.

Remaining as before-modernist style, under 5 story building, narrow alley, and small shops, these districts attract people more than newly developed area in Seoul right now. Newly developed shopping malls and streets get in trouble to invite people. Through the comparison among vibrant streets and comparative case, the important element for street vitalization in structure level could be traced. Comprehensive researches on newly rising areas and a redeveloped area are carried out through this paper. The research takes holistic approach on open space and street elements. Zoom-in method from regional level to street level is used and the characters of vibrant streets are elicited through cross correlation of cases at the end of research.
As a result, the research, street structure, number of retails, building scale, and cultural contents make a difference between new rising streets and redeveloped area. The street which has more complicated and wavy street structure, the more number of retails, the lower and smaller building scale, the more abundant cultural contents, and the more interested pedestrian attraction becomes a popular street. These figures are the indicator which should be primarily considered in development projects. Public development on street level is recommended to preserve existing street structure and cultural and historical theme.

Planted urban roads as an important component of urban landscape comprise the framework of urban open-green spaces. Planting of streets, boulevards and refuges which hold an important position among urban open-green spaces make undisputable ecological, aesthetic and functional contributions to the urban environment. The route on the Milli Egemenlik Street between the 100.Yıl Bus Terminal and Bülent Ecevit University 15 Temmuz Şehitler Campus located at the city of Zonguldak in Western Black Sea Region of Turkey was designated as the study area within the scope of this study. The plants used in the area were determined within the scope of the study along with road typologies and current physical states which were determined by way of on-site observations and photographs. Aesthetic, ecological and functional evaluations were made at the study area regarding plant use within the scope of streetscape.