Purpose-The proliferation of information technology has changed the banking system globally. Internet technology has not only allowed banks to offer products and services but also improved their ability to retain customers. This study... more
Purpose-The proliferation of information technology has changed the banking system globally. Internet technology has not only allowed banks to offer products and services but also improved their ability to retain customers. This study aims to examine internet banking user's continuance intention by integrating two well-known theories DeLone and McLean information system success model (D&M) and self-determination theory (SDT). Design/methodology/approach-The research model was tested using survey data from 398 customers of commercial banks. The respondents were internet banking users. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling. Findings-The results revealed that internet banking user continuance intention is jointly determined by information quality (INFQ), service quality, satisfaction, introjected regulation, external regulation, intrinsic regulation and identified regulation. The integrated model explained 75.4 per cent variation in customer's continuance intention to use internet banking. The results suggested that intrinsic regulation and identified regulation were the most important human motivation factors that drive customer's intention toward continue use of internet banking. Practical implications-The findings imply that managers seeking user satisfaction should focus on INFQ and service quality to enhance user continuance intention. Policymakers should focus on intrinsic and identified regulation of internet banking users. Some of the ways banks can do this is to develop enjoyable internet banking website with kind of reward system, activities that have the charm of novelty, challenge or aesthetic significance will help to improve user's intention to continue use of internet banking. Originality/value-This study contributes to the literature by integrating D&M and SDT in continuance intention and different from several traditional studies that had investigated the initial acceptance of internet banking users.
A powerful and convenient reaction procedure for the C-N coupling reaction (the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction), yielding products of N-arylanilines and N-arylamines in both conventional heating and microwave irradiation has been reported. The... more
A powerful and convenient reaction procedure for the C-N coupling reaction (the Buchwald-Hartwig reaction), yielding products of N-arylanilines and N-arylamines in both conventional heating and microwave irradiation has been reported. The protocol utilizes a stable and new supper ferromagnetic nanoparticle chelating N-heterocyclic dicarbene palladium(II) complex (Pd-NHC) as catalyst which helps/allows us to complete the reaction with only 0.002 mol% Pd producing high yield products. We also examined the reusability of the catalyst. It was found that the catalyst could be recovered by external magnetic field and reused for seven times without obvious loss in catalytic activity.
Estimation of vegetative cover and under lying bare soil in a large geographical plot is now possible with the image processing tools. It has provide with modern practices to reach the out-bound that are far better than time consuming... more
Estimation of vegetative cover and under lying bare soil in a large geographical plot is now possible with the image processing tools. It has provide with modern practices to reach the out-bound that are far better than time consuming conventional methods. Landsat has turned into a novel source of measure for canopy assessment and urban soil condition. This paper aims to understand the relationship between Tasseled cap component, TGC and TBC with indices of NDVI and BI (bare soil index) respectively, in a highly urbanized location. The data was evaluated on Lahore District, Pakistan at 5-year difference since 2000. ETM+ images were classified using OTSU adjusted values and to assess the accuracy using confusion matrix. The accuracy measure was supported by regression parameters of R 2 , RMSE, and 2D correlation. Spring season provide result that are more accurate. As the highest values of R 2 = 0.99 was observed in the month of March. Alternatively, TBC has least accuracy that shows there exist low level of agreement with BI. Solar elevation also effects the outcomes but in a positive manner till 50º. They have an indirect indication of urban areas, but requires high resolution imagery for accurate rooftop estimation.
