Topics

News leaders can now measure what stories the public perceives as of most interest to them. As a result, news editors can make online story placement decisions based on what the news user is reading at a given moment. This leads to questions regarding whether traditional news values, which have historically guided the selection of news stories, still play a significant role online. This study analyzes the most-viewed stories (n=1050) on The Arizona Republic’s 15 community Web sites. The results reveal that readers are most likely to click on crime, business and soft news stories. The news values most preferred by readers were proximity and conflict, while the news values least preferred were timeliness and prominence. Additionally, the news stories with the greatest number of news values present were the ones most likely selected by readers.

Increasing progress in numerous research fields and information technologies, led to an increase in the publication of research papers. Therefore, researchers take a lot of time to find interesting research papers that are close to their field of specialization. Consequently, in this paper we have proposed documents classification approach that can cluster the text documents of research papers into the meaningful categories in which contain a similar scientific field. Our presented approach based on essential focus and scopes of the target categories, where each of these categories includes many topics. Accordingly, we extract word tokens from these topics that relate to a specific category, separately. The frequency of word tokens in documents impacts on weight of document that calculated by using a numerical statistic of term frequency-inverse document frequency (TF-IDF). The proposed approach uses title, abstract, and keywords of the paper, in addition to the categories topics to perform the classification process. Subsequently, documents are classified and clustered into the primary categories based on the highest measure of cosine similarity between category weight and documents weights.

The thesis formulated at the beginning of the present paper, assuming that the way of solving crime  puzzles  in  the novels  by  Agatha  Christie,  corresponds  to  the  principles  used  in  rhetoric  theory and argumentation practice, in a particular way fi nds its justifi cation in the plot of the novel: „Th  e clocks” where the argumentative tool is used by a private detective, Hercules Poirot. The initial  assumption  reaches  further  as  the attempt  was  taken  to  prove  that  the  small  Belgium  man  (and,  what follows, Lady Mallowan herself ) does it on purpose. The rhetoric  argumentation  is understood  as a process based on specifi c principles and constructed of specifi c elements (arguments) and its aim is to discover hitherto hidden elements of reality — in this case searching for the causes of crime by examining the facts and circumstances. This process is treated by Poirot as a proved and reliable tool  in  search  of  the  truth.  The  reliability  is  conditioned  by  outstanding  deductive  abilities  of  the  detective.  It  was  proved  that  the  initial  research  assumption  finds confi rmation, especially when Poirot describes the details of the method used in his work

SUMMARY
The following doctoral study is focused on the description of the similarities between Jorge Luis Borges and Vladimir Nabokov narratives, especially in their conceptual analysis, and in the definition of their origin. The originality of the following research arises not only from the large amount of material that has been used, but also in the depth of the study achieved with the help of an exhaustive method of computer science analysis. According to our initial hypothesis, the similarities that exist between Borges and Nabokov’s texts lies in the affinity of their thoughts and in their way of perceiving the world. First of all, such similarity can be noticed in the subject matter chosen by them.
My dissertation consists of an Introduction, two parts, conclusion and appendix.
I began with a chronogram in which I included the main events in the author’s lives, the initial publication of their works, along with the most important social and cultural events that took place between 1899 and 1986. In spite of its dynamic and unfinished character, this chronogram served as a point of reference for every step in its development. In fact it became a part of the Appendix.
In the Introduction I present the aims of this work, the issues it brought forth, its structure and the handling of bibliographical sources. The first part is dedicated to the correlation study of Borges and Nabokov’s Biographies, and also to their likes and dislikes in their readings. Furthermore, we try to define the contact that existed between them.
In the second part the correlation between the different topics and motives is established. Topics such as time, reality, memory, heroism, and motives such as the mirror, the labyrinth, the chess, the blindness constitute the key issues.
As a conclusion, I carry out a short review through the final results.
The similarity that can be seen in the sort of topics and motives that both authors use constitute a number of different lines of discussion, varying images, metaphors and symbols.
After considering the possibility that they might have been influenced by each other, I concluded that this hypothesis should be dismissed. Although I believe that both writers had access to each other’s literary works a few years before they reached world-wide fame before the sixties.
To our mind, the origin of the coincidences that can be observed between both narratives must be searched in the upbringing, their reading interests and finally in the socio-cultural insertion. It could also be relevant to the topic the parallelism that is drawn in their biographies.
Both Borges and Nabokov come from well-educated families: the level of education of their progenitors was very high. Their fathers were professors and both were fond of philosophy and psychology, and they followed closely the contemporary science advance. Their mothers could speak several languages; they had a wide range of interests. Both families invested extensively in the pursuit of learning and in the education of their children.
Their families were partial to the British culture. So much so that their sons started to speak both their native language and in English at the same time of their lives. Their parents and their governesses were in charge of instilling in them love for the English culture.
Their linguistic instruction was determined by their first readings. They read almost the same authors and the same books. Their second foreign language was French. After learning English literature they started with the French one. Besides that, the period enforced the reading of French authors: parnasianism, symbolism, modernism.
Among their favourite authors from different periods, we can highlight Wells, Doyle, Stevenson, Joyce and Kafka. Apart from that, we need to mention the love Nabokov and Borges felt for Shakespeare. The analysis of their readings reveals that both authors had contact to many philosophical theories, not only the ancient ones but also the modern. Furthermore, we suggest that William James could be a key figure for both writers education.
Time, memory and reality topics are the core of their ideas. The importance of these topics in relation to their artistic tendencies is different, the Argentinean is especially partial to the topic of time and Lolita´s author to memory.
In a close contact with these two topics, the concept of eternity acquires a significant importance. The problem of identity and otherness- as pointed out by several authors -seems to be not as important as the ones we already mentioned. Both Borges and Nabokov argue in favour of the singleness of every moment and phenomenon. Both raised doubts regarding the existence of a reality, a time and self. Despite that, both think that they might be wrong in their speculations. Borges shows himself agnostic and maintains a sceptic attitude, but he conserves certain ontological optimism. Nabokov on the other side shows self-confidence, although behind this appearance we can see a writer full of doubts who does not trust the human capacity to reach the knowledge within the bounds of its worldly life.
Both writers had scientific tendencies, in their critics about others writers literature. They proceeded like philologists. In the exposition of their favourite subjects, they showed a discipline that is not common among writers.
Nevertheless, and despite the proximity of their interests, Borges and Nabokov had two opposite personalities. Borges was limited to the books´ world and affirmed, being proud of it that he had got to know everything throughout books instead of having contact to the real world. His way of thinking revealed a clear speculative tendency, with a high level of abstraction. He maintained himself distant, and we could even say, he was scared of the material world. He was never attracted by colourful landscapes, whose value was attached to his beauty: to perceive them, they had to be related to a psychic or intellectual meaning. On the other hand, Nabokov loved life deeply; he was a great naturalist in everything he did.
He stood out from the rest in many sports; He learnt how to perceive the world in every single detail. He loved and he got love back. He was happy and he made people who loved him happy. His image seems to be opposite to Borges´ who admitted that he had committed the worst of sins, by not being happy.
These personal differences have a final result in both writers and determined their artistic methods. While the first one looks for the archetype and the universalism, the second one prefers to study the situation step by step, looking for every single detail. Borges perceives a world full of repetitions, drawing a circle that is nearly perfect, and Nabokov pondered the spiral image, which in its dialectic movement enveloped the artist-nature. Taking this into account, we have to emphasize that these addresses to implicit tendencies in the artistic trajectory of both Nabokov and Borges which doubtless admit certain deviations.
The poetical universe of these two masters of the twentieth century literature are far from any possible theoretical approach : we only speak about them in a broader term, since their reality is not still, but keeps changing. Both arise out of Proteos´ sign, “a symbol of human condition” and also of literature”. It is not a casualty that both Borges and Nabokov so in William Shakespeare the incarnation of this enigmatic Greek god. And that was in itself the essence of the artist.

Los nombres de Borges y Nabokov a menudo comparten espacio en las páginas dedicadas a la historia de literatura contemporánea. Pero ¿qué hay detrás de tales concordancias? Este libro ofrece una respuesta fundamentada en el estudio comparado de los temas y motivos comunes y recurrentes en las obras de ambos autores. Escrutando la realidad, el tiempo y la memoria, Borges y Nabokov formulan concepciones afines reflejándolas en sus escritos. Les fascina el valor de los hombres y les hace plantear su propia postura ante la vida, les aterran los espejos y atraen los laberintos, les maravilla el juego de ajedrez y apasiona la búsqueda de claves. Los dos escritores también prestan especial atención al sentido de la vista al que otorgan un importante rol simbólico en sus cosmovisiones. Como demuestra el estudio, la proximidad de los idearios de Borges y Nabokov se debe a los contextos socioculturales en los que se forman sus personalidades y se desarrollan sus trayectorias artísticas y vitales. Mas las similitudes observadas no desvirtúan las divergencias que imprimen el sello de unicidad en las obras de estos autores, de lo que también se da cuenta en el libro.

Purpose: This article is for the purpose of presenting a continued observation on the research of media and entrepreneurship. Media and entrepreneurship have strong relevance to each other-on the one hand, essential characteristics of entrepreneurship including innovation and novel ways of content creation are crucial in building media business success; on the other hand, media play a vital role in promoting an entrepreneurial spirit, by transmitting values and images ascribed to it-this special relationship has been examined a decade ago by an earlier study conducted by this author. Well past the time of media industry development and landscape transformation, much progress has been made since then, it is highly worthwhile to revisit the topic and to identify changes in the field. Therefore, the current article presents a continued study, it aims at observing the status quo of the field of media entrepreneurship research and proposing an agenda for future development. Methodology: The study was conducted by a bibliographic analysis on the scholarly work published between 2005 and 2017. Findings from the study indicate growing interests in the research of media and entrepreneurship. The field of inquiries is getting to be more mature, with the progress made on the fundamental conceptual building. In the existing literature, innovation has been a central topic for study, and entrepreneurial journalism was emerged as a new focal issue; meanwhile, use of social media to promote entrepreneurship has also attracted close academic attention. Findings/Contribution: The study provides practical implications to media entrepreneurs and social implications to promote entrepreneurship spirit through traditional and new media platforms. The article also contributes original value to understanding the intrinsic linkage between media and entrepreneurship.

Portals: Windows, doors, black holes, white holes and worm holes serve as nodes for transport between different systems of  organization in the works and writings of Marcel Duchamp, and in Thomas Pynchon's novels _Gravity's Rainbow_ and _Vineland_.  These portals enable pivoting between different forms of cognition, in the realm of the social and political with respect to subject positions, and in the realm of the individual with respect to subject formation.  Drawing on the philosophy of Gilles Deleuze and Felix Guattari, and on the cognitive science of Francisco Varela and Edwin Hutchins, a connection is made between an avant-garde modernist, and a post-modern novelist, in their attention to a war between top-down and bottom-up processes in society and self.  This investigation becomes a way to rethink the terms modernism and postmodernism.

Note: the published version of this article in _Pynchon Notes_ from 1994 with graphics is also available on my academia page.

Medium-term and long-term priorities in ecological studies.
Ostroumov S.A., Dodson S.I., Hamilton D., Peterson S.A., Wetzel R.G.
Riv. Biol. 2003, 96(2):327-332.

List of research priorities for ecology and environmental science of 21st century. Executive summary that was developed by an international team of ecologists. A contribution to creating a basis for grant proposals, for evaluation of new results, for writing new reviews.

PMID: 14595906 [PubMed] [Priorities in ecology and environmental sciences]: http://www.scribd.com/doc/57124875/; http://www.scribd.com/doc/52655707/
**

Published:

Ostroumov S.A., Dodson S., Hamilton D., Peterson S., WetzelR.G. Medium-term and long-term priorities in ecological studies // Rivista di Biologia / Biology Forum. 2003 (May). 96: 327-332.
.
Abstracts in Eng. and Italian (p. 332). Bibliogr. 20.
ref.www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14595906; PMID: 14595906 [PubMed - indexed forMEDLINE]
http://scipeople.com/uploads/materials/4389/3RivistaBio96Priorities2.rtf

Research priorities in ecology and environmental sciences for the future are formulated.The priorities for both fundamental and applied ecology are proposed. The list of priorities includes 50 items. The priorities are relevant to terrestrial, aquatic, and generalecology. The list of priorities is helpful when grant proposals are being prepared,evaluated, and selected for funding.

KEY WORDS: priorities, fundamentals, ecology, environmental sciences, biosphericsciences, life and biomedical sciences, geosciences, ecosystems, biosphere, organisms,levels of life systems, man-made impacts, anthropogenic effects, terrestrial and aquatic,research topics
**
Full text free [Rivista di Biologia]:
http://www.scribd.com/doc/52655707/
http://www.scribd.com/doc/57124875/
Also, the full text is here:
http://5bio5.blogspot.com/2012/08/priorities-in-ecological-studies-topics.html
indexed, Web of Science, PubMed;
PMID: 14595906 [PubMed]
The reference in a traditional format:
S.A. Ostroumov, S.I. Dodson, D. Hamilton, S.A. Peterson, and R.G. Wetzel. Medium-term and long-term priorities in ecological studies. - Rivista di biologia, 96(2):327–332, 2003.
**

MEDIUM-TERM AND LONG-TERM PRIORITIES IN ECOLOGICALSTUDIES


1
, S. Dodson
2
, D. Hamilton
3
, S. Peterson
4
, R. G. Wetzel
5

1
current address: Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Biomembranes, Faculty of Biology,Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation;
2
Zoology-Birge Hall, University of Wisconsin, 430 Lincoln Drive, Madison, WI 53706,USA;
3
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105,Hamilton, New Zealand;
4
US EPA, National Health and Environmental Effects Research Laboratory, WesternEcology Division, 200 SW 35th Street, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA;
5
Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Public Health,University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
Abstract:
Research priorities in ecology and environmental sciences for the future are formulated. The priorities for both fundamental and applied ecology are proposed. Thelist of priorities includes about 50 items. The priorities are relevant to terrestrial,aquatic, and general ecology. The list of priorities is helpful when grant proposals arebeing prepared, evaluated, and selected for funding.Keywords: ecology, environmental sciences, priorities, fundamental problems, topics forgrants, scientific policy

The Web has become an excellent source for gathering consumer opinions. There are now numerous Web sites containing such opinions, e.g., customer reviews of products, forums, discussion groups, and blogs. All these reviews are the opinions of people all over the world about different products. With the growing availability and popularity of opinion-rich resources such as review forums for the product sold online, choosing the right product from a large number of products have become difficult for the user. These sources are underutilized both by consumers and businesses due to their unstructured nature, serial presentation, limited search tools, and low ratio of useful information to the overall amount of data. The proposed system illustrates visual analysis system that performs sentiment analysis and derives insight from a collection of online reviews of products from customer. Effective visual analysis of online customer opinions is needed, as it has a significant impact on buildi...

Recently, philosophers of science have argued that the epistemological requirements of different scientific fields lead necessarily to differences in scientific method. In this paper, we examine possible variation in how language is used in peer-reviewed journal articles from various fields to see if features of such variation may help to elucidate and support claims of methodological variation among the sciences. We hypothesize that significant methodological differences will be reflected in related differences in scientists ’ language style. This paper reports a corpus-based study of peer-reviewed articles from twelve separate journals in six fields of experimental and historical sciences. Machine learning methods were applied to compare the discourse styles of articles in different fields, based on easily-extracted linguistic features of the text. Features included function word frequencies, as used often in computational stylistics, as well as lexical features based on systemic ...

This article brings Proust and Bachelard into conversation about inhabiting the home and the role that remembrance, memory and the imagination might play in producing knowledge about the world. Proust and Bachelard both suggest that once a material object, such as a house, has been seized upon by the imagination by those who inhabit the dwelling, it no longer makes sense to assess the space-of-home using “objective” or “mathematical” modalities. Proust’s novel has particular relevance in suggesting how we might think about how the material objects of the home serve as the repository for memories. The aim is to investigate the tension between the experience of urban space and its representations to make cognizant and explicit the use of mathematically informed signs. I suggest that the material features of the urban landscape and home itself hold memories that should be viewed as significant artefacts that constitute how we understand the world. I argue that the formation of the self is constituted through our relations with both imaginary and material objects. This position challenges a concept of the home whereby habitation and imagination are constructed as subordinate to the mathematical measurements of the material world.

The paper presents a generic model for designing re-configurable C4ISR systems. The paper recognizes that despite the detailed guidelines provided by the Department of Defense Architecture Framework (DODAF) for designing systems-of-systems (SOS), DODAF may not be appropriate for creating adaptive C4ISR systems. Most importantly, DODAF lacks any theoretical foundation for designing not only C4ISR systems, but also for creating any SOS such as the Department of Defense's (DOD) visionary Global Information Grid (GIG) that requires integration of coalition partners. Using axiomatic theory, the scientific concepts for creating Integrated Manufacturing Production Systems (IMPSs), the value system model, and borrowing from Martin's work [Martin Book II 1990] for creating information-based enterprises, we have constructed the generic model that could serve as a template for designing an adaptive C4ISR. More importantly, the paper recognizes that future DOD systems-of-systems must fo...

The content and emphasis of the introductory technology courses for undergraduate pre- service teachers has historically been examined, with the earliest study conducted by Stracke in 1932. In an attempt to identify trends in the course DeKieffer conducted a series of studies over ten year intervals, in 1947, 1957, 1967, and 1977. In 2000 the first in a similar series of ten-year studies was conducted, and this 2010 study is the first update to that study. Results indicate that the introductory technology course has gone through a particularly dynamic era recently, with nearly half of all topics appearing as new in 2010. Of particular note among the new topics are SMART Boards and Web 2.0 technologies such as Blogs, Wikis, and Professional and Social Networking Sites.

As is well known, the lexicon used to describe what we now call “the creative process” shifted its center of gravity during early modernity from imitation (imitatio) to invention (inventio). The latter category, though still considered an essential component of rhetoric, evolved separate—though still related—meanings in the domains of poetry and the visual arts, coming to refer to the origination and development of programs for paintings, buildings, and even whole cities. Artistic invention was explained largely by referencing the psychological concept of imagination (phantasia). While this overall development has received scholarly attention, there remain many lacunae, such that the domains of visual and manual invention, notwithstanding their evident relevance, remain understudied.

This paper seeks to illuminate invention in general by examining the discussion of architectural invention in the 15th-century Libro architettonico written by the Florentine sculptor Antonio “Filarete” Averlino. In his Libro, Filarete recommends the practice of disegno (“drawing”) not only as the best catalyst for developing excellent architectural ideas, but also as the best way to train one’s inventive capacity in general. He also strikingly insists that practicing disegno improves one’s ability to understand both architectural drawings and actual buildings. Architectural invention thus turns out to be a practice. Filarete argues that all practices share a common psychological basis in the faculty that he calls ingegno (“ingenuity”), such that excellence attained in any one will improve one’s performance in all others. The specificity of each practice remains bound up in the characteristic matter with which it works, but all practices in general rely upon a cognitive process of “finding” or “invention” for which ingengo serves as the engine. The rhetorical canon of Inventio thus turns out to be the most venerable site in our tradition wherein the basic principles of practical thinking—phronesis, prudentia—have been articulated. And the so-called topoi of invention, which constitute the heart of Inventio, turn out to be the most authoritative model for construing the form of rationality that underwrites all artistic endeavor.

Imbalanced classification techniques have been applied widely in the field of data mining. It is used to classify the imbalanced classes that are not equal in the number of samples. The problem of imbalanced classes is that the classification performance tends to the class with more samples while the class with few samples will obtain poor performance. This problem can be occurred in the Qur'anic classification due to the different in the number of verses. Many studies classified Qur'anic verses, which depended on the traditional classification. However, no study classified Qur'anic topics based on the techniques of imbalanced classification. Therefore, this paper aims to apply the methods of imbalanced classification as synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE), random over sample (ROS), and random under sample (RUS) methods to classify the Qur'anic topics that are imbalanced. Many metrics were used in this research to evaluate the experimental results. These metrics are sensitivity/recall, specificity, overall accuracy, f-measure, g-mean, and matthews correlation coefficient (MCC). The results showed that the Qur'anic classification performance improved when imbalanced classification techniques were applied.

The Australian Defence Force (ADF) plans to invest a sizeable portion of its ten-year Defence Capability Program (DCP) budget in migrating to a Network-Centric Warfare (NCW)-capable combat force. But what defines being NCW-capable? And how do we measure how ready the ADF is to adopt NCW? The NCW Prioritisation and Integration (NPI) methodology has been developed to enable characterisation of the NCW readiness of individual planned military capabilities and how well they are likely to integrate into the planned force-level systems-of-systems. Individual capabilities are assessed against metrics covering support for human-centric military business processes, sophistication of information management and support for applicable standards. Force integration is assessed through analysis of how well communications and other infrastructure services will support each capability. The methodology was initially developed and successfully applied to address the tactical land domain, and has now e...

The International AIDS Society-USA (IAS-USA) Drug Resistance Mutations Group is a volunteer panel of experts that meets regularly to review and interpret new data on HIV-1 resistance. The focus of the group is to identify mutations associated with clinical resistance to HIV-1. These mutations have been identified by 1 or more of the following criteria: (1) in vitro passage experiments or validation of contribution to resistance by using site-directed mutagenesis; (2) susceptibility testing of laboratory or clinical isolates; (3) genetic sequencing of viruses from patients in whom the drug is failing; (4) correlation studies between genotype at baseline and virologic response in patients exposed to the drug. Drugs that have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or available through expanded access protocols are included.

The paper presents an answer validation system based on robust textual inference. The system is evaluated on the AVE06 test set for German. Ablation experiments are used to determine the contribution of functional components and knowledge sources to the achieved validation quality. We demonstrate the utility of the approach for filtering answers and for the fusion of several answer sources into a single most trusted answer. Topics: Answer Validation, Robust Textual Inference, Information Fusion/Integration, Evaluation.

Recently the dry gel conversion (DGC) technique, where a hydrogel is dried and the resultant dry gel is converted into microporous crystals in steam or in a mixed vapor of steam and organic structure-directing agents (SDAs), has been developed. It has been shown that a wide ...