News Values

يهدف البحث إلى التعرف على مدى مساهمة بعض العناصر التيبوغرافية (العناوين والصور)في دعم قيم
إخبارية معينة في صحيفة الوطن اليومية السورية، ويعتمد البحث على أداة تحليل مضمون لعناوين أخبار
الصفحة الأولى والصور المرافقة للأخبار خلال عام 2014 م من خلال اتباع أسلوب الأسبوع الصناعي حيث بلغت العينة المسحوبة 43 عدد ا بمعدل 342 عنوانا و 91 صورة.

As we mark the 20th anniversary of the September 11 th 2001 attacks, it is important to reflect on the legacy that event, and the "war on terror" more broadly, has had for the way news media "cover" terrorism. Though we should be clear that terrorism as we define it now predates the attacks by well over a century, what is significant about the events of 9/11 is the way they turned terrorism into a near-constant feature of the daily news cycle.

https://theconversation.com/9-11-how-politicians-and-the-media-turned-terrorism-into-an-islamic-issue-167733

GUERRA, Josenildo Luiz. O percurso interpretativo na produção da notícia. São Cristóvão: Editora UFS; Aracaju: Fundação Oviêdo Teixeira, 2008.
O livro está esgotado. Por isso, disponibilizo versão em PDF.

Dois objetivos básciso são perseguidos neste livro: aproximar a reflexão teórica sobre o jornalismo ao saber prático da profissão e propor conceitos e parâmetros para a avaliação da qualidade dos produtos jornalísticos. Ambos os objetivos são complementares entre sí. A pretensão de unir toeria e prática, se bem encaminhada, produz o autoconhecimento da profissão sobre bases que a experiência demonstrou serem sólidas. A pretensão de qualidade se vale do autoconhecimento para avaliar a experiência quando seus resultados se tornam questionáveis.

Our aim in this chapter is to focus on news media, and to provide an overview of the ways in which some crimes are reported in some media in three different European countries: the UK, Norway and Italy . First, we will briefly map out the history and current terrain of the media landscape in each of the three countries. Second, we will explore news values and the aspects of crime that make it inherently ‘newsworthy’. Using Yvonne Jewkes’ (2004/2011) analysis of twelve cardinal news values that underpin the reporting of crime, victimization and justice in the UK – itself developed from a classic study of Norwegian news values first published by Johan Galtung and Mari Holmboe Ruge in 1965 – we will discuss the news values adhered to by media professionals. Following this, we will consider the reporting in each country of a single crime that shocked audiences around the world: the killing of 77 people in Norway on 22nd July 2011. Although an ‘extreme’ offence and therefore in many ways atypical (if any offence can be regarded as ‘typical’) this case illustrates two issues we think worth highlighting. First, it demonstrates the salience of the values that determine a potential story’s perceived newsworthiness. Second, it illustrates some of the subtle discrepancies underpinning crime news reporting in the UK, Norway and Italy, which themselves reflect broader social, cultural and political differences between the three countries, thus implicitly reminding us that there have been other atrocities that have not had the level of attention devoted to them that the murders in Oslo and on Utoya Island did in 2011.

This paper tackles theoretical and methodological issues of a comparative research in three countries of different journalistic cultures (UK, Sweden and Greece) that contributes to an explanation of news judgement, called 'journalistic gut feeling' by journalists, as implemented in varying social contexts. A thesis of this investigation is that the combined consideration of the theoretical domains of news values, news practice and journalistic professionalism is required so that an adequate explanation of the dynamics of news evaluation is produced. The theoretical approach adopted is Bourdieu's 'field' perspective as applied in journalism research by Benson, while the methodological one is a comparative, mixed methods design that pays attention to contextual factors, drawing on suggestions by Bryman, Hantrais and Hanitzsch. The methods applied are a questionnaire survey of journalists and focus groups simulating editorial meetings.

A textual analysis via critical discourse analysis and content analysis is undertaken to examine how horse racing is covered in Melbourne’s two principal newspapers and what primary themes are present. Horse racing is a significant cultural and economic activity in Australia and is thus worthwhile examining how the sport is represented by the press and how racing’s sociocultural role is communicated. A two-week sample period is selected and noteworthy articles gathered for further examination and detailed analysis. A number of themes emerged from the data which have been contextualised within the thesis. Additionally, research on news values and the political economy of the two newspapers along with different elements of the horse racing industry including general scholarship, equine welfare, fashion and social activities and social policy is discussed in order to frame the study.
It is found that both newspapers expressed both positive and negative sentiments about the sport with no evidence of extreme bias. Several recurring themes emerged from the sample; these include articles discussing horse welfare, racing’s history, tradition and social practices (clustered under the label ‘sociocultural’), the internationalism of the sport, gambling, social policy and the fashion and social aspects of racing. It is also established that the newspapers portrayed racing as having a significant sociocultural function within Australia.
These results are significant as they convey the prominence of horse racing both as an industry and as a popular form of entertainment. The examination of the key themes provides an overview of the most noteworthy elements of horse racing as presented by the news media which would provide useful information for the sport’s governing bodies while offering insight into the news values of each publication. Finally, as the industry is prone to criticism, especially from animal activists, presenting evidence of its sociocultural importance provides important justification for its continuation in the face of condemnation.

News leaders can now measure what stories the public perceives as of most interest to them. As a result, news editors can make online story placement decisions based on what the news user is reading at a given moment. This leads to questions regarding whether traditional news values, which have historically guided the selection of news stories, still play a significant role online. This study analyzes the most-viewed stories (n=1050) on The Arizona Republic’s 15 community Web sites. The results reveal that readers are most likely to click on crime, business and soft news stories. The news values most preferred by readers were proximity and conflict, while the news values least preferred were timeliness and prominence. Additionally, the news stories with the greatest number of news values present were the ones most likely selected by readers.

This study reviewed the existing literature on news value theory and examined its validity and implications in the contemporary world. The study refers to digital journalists and academicians. Are the news selection criterion still the same as they were in the past or are editors, journalists, and media outlets changing their approach due to globalization? Do journalists and editors still consider the same news factors to publish a story or not? These questions are addressed in this study. This paper is relevant for future researchers and professional journalists. Today, journalists need more skills than ever before. At the same time, due to digitalization and competition, organizations need stories continuously throughout the day to run their businesses and maintain their ranking among other media
outlets. Scholars need to empirically revisit media theories includes middle range theories, according to the needs of the time. Existing literature shows that the globalization has changed a bit news factors and researchers need to revisit existing news factors.

The sharing of news through social media platforms is now a significant part of mainstream online media use and is an increasingly important consideration in journalism practice and production. This paper analyses the linguistic characteristics of online news sharing on Facebook, with a focus on evaluation and news values in a corpus of the 100 ‘most shared’ news items from ‘heritage’ English-language news media organisations. Analyses combine corpus linguistic techniques (semantic tagging, frequency analysis, concordancing) with manual, computer-aided annotation. The main focus is on discursive news values analysis (DNVA), which examines how news values are established through semiotic resources, enabling new empirical insights into shared news and adding a specific linguistic focus to the emerging literature on news sharing. Results suggest that all ‘traditional’ news values appear to be construed in the shared news corpus and that there is variety in terms of the items that are widely shared. At the same time, the news values of Eliteness, Superlativeness, Unexpectedness, Negativity and Timeliness seem especially important in the corpus. The findings also indicate that ‘unexpected’ and ‘affective’ news items may be shared more, and that Negativity is a more important news value than Positivity.

Oversupply of information, irrelevance, and repetition in political and administrative text and talk have received considerable scholarly attention, but the tendency to date has been to analyse these phenomena separately. In this article, I argue that it would be fruitful to explore these aspects in combination, as constitutive dimensions of calculated overcommunicative behaviour in public administration.

Based on a multidisciplinary review of literature on cognitive manipulation, prolixity, (ir)relevance, discourse repetition, and administrative behaviour, I propose an original ‘overcommunication framework’ for explicating certain discursive macro-strategies of positive self-presentation used by public officeholders. In particular, I discuss how governments may use calculated overcommunication to avoid or deflect blame, to signal democratic openness, and to perform swiftness.

By problematising the notion of ‘overcommunication’ and introducing it into discourse studies, I seek to open up new avenues of understanding and investigating political and organisational communication.

Media scholars have called for more research to understand the consequences of news outlets becoming increasingly reliant on social media for sourcing stories, and how this is changing the nature of news and the role of the journalist. This also has high relevance for the Critical Discourse Analyst as regards processes of attributing the nature of ideology, where there is a shift away from stories derived from elite sources and official organizations. Using a sample of 26 news stories and a corpus of 40,000 tweets from a feed called #twowomentravel, which dealt with the journey of two women travelling from Ireland to the United Kingdom for an abortion, this paper uses Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis to investigate how the discourses from the feed are taken up by the journalists. Findings show an erosion of some of the basic former aspects of journalistic practice related to verification and provision of context as what is “trending” becomes a news definer. Yet those with the skills to understand how it is integrated into news production may use this to disseminate their own ideology.

This book explores the role of language and images in newspaper, radio, online and television news. The authors introduce useful frameworks for analysing language, image and the interaction between the two, and illustrate these with authentic news stories from around the English-speaking world, ranging from the Oktoberfest to environmental disasters to the killing of Osama bin Laden. This analysis persuasively illustrates how events are re-told in the news and made ‘newsworthy’ through both language and image. This clearly written and accessible introduction to news discourse is essential reading for students, lecturers, and researchers in Linguistics, Media/Journalism Studies, and Semiotics.

How events become news has always been a fundamental question for both journalism practitioners and scholars. For journalism practitioners, news judgments are wrapped up in the moral obligation to hold the powerful to account and to provide the public with the means to participate in democratic governance. For journalism scholars, news selection and construction are wrapped up in investigations of news values and newsworthiness. Scholarship systematically analyzing the processes behind these judgments and selections emerged in the 1960s, and since then, news values research has made a significant contribution to the journalism literature. Assertions have been made regarding the status of news values, including whether they are culture bound or universal, core or standard. Some hold that news values exist in the minds of journalists or are even metaphorically speaking “part of the furniture,” while others see them as being inherent or infused in the events that happen or as discursively constructed through the verbal and visual resources deployed in news storytelling. Like in many other areas of journalism research, systematic analysis of the role that visuals play in the construction of newsworthiness has been neglected. However, recent additions to the scholarship on visual news values analysis have begun to address this shortfall. The convergence and digitization of news production, rolling deadlines, new media platforms, and increasingly active audiences have also impacted on how news values research is conducted and theorized, making this a vibrant and ever-evolving research paradigm.

Our aim in this chapter is to focus on news media, and to provide an overview of the ways in which some crimes are reported in some media in three different European countries: the UK, Norway and Italy . First, we will briefly map out the history and current terrain of the media landscape in each of the three countries. Second, we will explore news values and the aspects of crime that make it inherently ‘newsworthy’. Using Yvonne Jewkes’ (2004/2011) analysis of twelve cardinal news values that underpin the reporting of crime, victimization and justice in the UK – itself developed from a classic study of Norwegian news values first published by Johan Galtung and Mari Holmboe Ruge in 1965 – we will discuss the news values adhered to by media professionals. Following this, we will consider the reporting in each country of a single crime that shocked audiences around the world: the killing of 77 people in Norway on 22nd July 2011. Although an ‘extreme’ offence and therefore in many ways atypical (if any offence can be regarded as ‘typical’) this case illustrates two issues we think worth highlighting. First, it demonstrates the salience of the values that determine a potential story’s perceived newsworthiness. Second, it illustrates some of the subtle discrepancies underpinning crime news reporting in the UK, Norway and Italy, which themselves reflect broader social, cultural and political differences between the three countries, thus implicitly reminding us that there have been other atrocities that have not had the level of attention devoted to them that the murders in Oslo and on Utoya Island did in 2011.

This book explores the role of language and images in newspaper, radio, online and television news. The authors introduce useful frameworks for analysing language, image and the interaction between the two, and illustrate these with authentic news stories from around the English-speaking world, ranging from the Oktoberfest to environmental disasters to the killing of Osama bin Laden. This analysis persuasively illustrates how events are re-told in the news and made ‘newsworthy’ through both language and image. This clearly written and accessible introduction to news discourse is essential reading for students, lecturers, and researchers in Linguistics, Media/Journalism Studies, and Semiotics.

This article introduces a new framework for the analysis of news discourse to scholars in Critical Discourse Analysis and beyond. It emphasises the importance of news values for linguistic analysis and encourages a constructivist approach to their analysis. The new methodological framework is situated within what the authors call a 'discursive' approach to news values. From this perspective, news values are seen as values that exist in and are constructed through discourse, and the primary research interest is in how texts construct newsworthiness through multimodal resources. This paper first introduces resources that are used to construe news values in English-language news discourse before illustrating the framework through two case studies of a 70,000 word corpus of British news discourse. The framework itself is intended for both multimodal discourse analysis and corpus linguistic analysis, although this article focuses more on the integration of corpus linguistic techniques. Thus, the discursive approach ties in well with two recent trends in CDA – towards multimodal and towards corpus-assisted discourse analysis. More specifically, the case studies show that corpus linguistic techniques can identify conventionalised discursive devices that are repeatedly used in news discourse to construct and perpetuate an ideology of newsworthiness. They further show that such techniques can provide a useful indication of the discursive construction of newsworthiness around a specific topic, event or news actor. The article concludes with an outline of further applications of the framework for (critical) linguistic analyses of news discourse.

1569 Artikel fünf verschiedener österreichischer Tageszeitungen, die anhand der Stichworte „robot“, „Industrie 4.0“ und „Digitalisierung & arbeit“ im Zeitraum 2010-2016 aufschienen werden analysiert. Dafür wurden die Ansätze der Diskursanalyse von Keller und Diaz-Bone kombiniert. Im Rahmen der Arbeit werden eine zentrale Rolle der Wissenschaft in der Erstellung von Zukunftsvorstellungen, eine Vielfalt angeblich von technologischer Arbeitslosigkeit betroffenen Berufsgruppen, Parallelen zur CIM-Debatte (Computer-integrated Manufacturing) in den 1980er-Jahren und eine Schärfung der menschlichen Identität im Vergleich mit Robotern deutlich. Sechs verschiedene Betrachtungsweisen und Einstellungen bezüglich der Technologien werden charakterisiert. Diese spiegeln die Einstellung bezüglich der neuen Technologien und den erwarteten Auswirkungen wieder und sind: ‚politische Aufgabe‘, ‚Chance‘, ‚praktisch-technisch‘, ‚pragmatisch-optimistisch‘, ‚distanziert-skeptisch‘ und ‚beunruhigt-verängstigt‘. Es wird gezeigt, dass die Betrachtungsweisen teilweise in Argumenten bestehender Paradigmen bezüglich der Auswirkungen von Technologien auf Gesellschaften bzw. Organisationen fundiert sind. Diese sind: Der Technologiedeterminismus, das ‚Management of Technology‘-Paradigma und das Paradigma ‚Politisches Interesse‘. Dabei lässt sich erkennen, dass ein gänzliches Hinterfragen, wie es im interpretivistischen Paradigma erfolgt, im medialen Diskurs fehlt. Zusätzlich wird die Häufigkeit deren Auftretens der Betrachtungsweisen untersucht. Dieses variiert sowohl zeitlich als auch zwischen den Medien. Zudem wird die Legitimationsfunktion des Technologiediskurses, insbesondere für politisches Handeln und das Vorherrschen der Überzeugung vom Technologiedeterminismus, beleuchtet.

Bu tez, gazetecilerin, bir hikayenin haber olup olmadığına nasıl karar verdiklerini incelemektedir. Çalışma, “Gazeteciler Kararlarını Nasıl Alır?” sorusunu cevaplamakta ve “Haber Kararına Etki Eden Faktörleri” sekiz ana başlıkta açıklayarak analiz etmektedir.

Tezin saha araştırması, gazeteciliğin en önemli karar platformlarından biri olan haber toplantılarının,Katılımcı Olmayan Gözlemci yöntemiyle izlenmesidir. Bu çerçevede, dört gazetenin (Birgün, Cumhuriyet, Sözcü, Yeniçağ) İstanbul merkezlerindeki haber/gazete üretim süreci toplantıları takip edilmiştir.

Bu tezin literatür taraması niteliğindeki bölümleri, haber kararına ilişkin bilimsel verileri ve eşikbekçiliği olgusunu kapsamlı bir şekilde sunmaktadır. Saha araştırması ise haber toplantılarının şekli, katılımcıları, fonksiyonu, haber üretimindeki yeri ve toplantılara konu edilen mesleki unsurlar hakkında önemli bulgular içermektedir.

This  study  used  online  survey  to  examine  social  media  news aggregation  trends,  gratifications  and  implications  on  Nigeria’s development.  Research  shows  that  social  media  is  changing  the  ways readers  understand  the  concept  of  news  and  the  processes  of  its  production in  developed  countries  (Digital  News  Survey,  2016).  Social  media  platforms are  also  very  popular  sources  of  news  in  less  endowed  regions  like  Nigeria. Meanwhile,  social  media  aggregates  news  using  algorithms  –  a  set  of instructions  –  to  replace  professional  journalists’  traditional  news  values  and newsroom  cultures.  The  study  found  similar  results  with  the  Digital  News Survey  cited  above.  Social  media  was  the  general  source  of  Nigerian  news and  Facebook  was  the  most  popular  social  medium  used  as  major  source  of news.  Mobile  devices  were  the  most  used  for  accessing  news  on  Facebook. Knowledge  of  trends  on  social  media  news  gathering  and  distribution  was poor.  Three  basic  journalism  news  elements  –  objectivity,  truth  and  balance were  used  to  develop  a  model  for  gratifications  from  social  media  news  and all significantly  predicted  audience  gratifications.  Promoting  public participation  significantly  predicted  the  role  of  social  media  news  in  Nigeria’s development  process  out  of  five  variables.  Some  of  the  implications  on Nigeria’s  development  are  discussed.

In their study of news values in in the British press Harcup and O’Neill (2001) noted that celebrity was one of the redefinitions of the ‘taxonomy of news values for the twenty-first century’. At the time, Harcup and O’Neill made no judgement about the changes in news values in their redefinition, nor did their research focus on the relative importance and potency of certain news values in the hierarchy of news. Using celebrity case studies from recent decades in the British ‘quality’ press, this article seeks to do just that, demonstrating that the pervasiveness and volume of coverage of celebrity has risen exponentially over 30-plus years. Celebrity/entertainment news values would appear to have risen much higher up the hierarchy of news, guaranteeing extensive coverage if combined with other news values such as surprise and bad news. The findings give rise to a wider debate and concerns about the colonisation of celebrity news and dumbing down in so many areas of British journalism, and the implications for the public and educators.

In their study of news values in in the British press Har-cup and O’Neill (2001) noted that celebrity was one of the redefinitions of the ‘taxonomy of news values for the twenty-first century’. At the time, Harcup and O’Neill made no judgement about the changes in news values in their redefinition, nor did their research focus on the relative importance and potency of certain news values in the hierarchy of news. Using celebrity case studies from recent decades in the British ‘quality’ press, this article seeks to do just that, demonstrating that the pervasiveness and volume of coverage of celebrity has risen exponentially over 30-plus years. Celebrity/entertainment news values would appear to have risen much higher up the hierarchy of news, guaranteeing extensive coverage if combined with other news values such as surprise and bad news. The findings give rise to a wider debate and concerns about the colonisation of celebrity news and dumbing down in so many areas of British journalism, and the implications for the public and educators.

In this report we provide a cross-disciplinary overview of the ways in which news values have been and can be studied. Divided into three sections, the report covers the Media/Journalism Studies literature (in Section 1), studies on news photography in Section 2, and Section 3 focuses on news language and the Linguistics literature.

Sensations Seeking in Online Journalism. Review of European News Pages.
Big headlines with exclamation marks and emotional pictures. Today’s media try a lot to sell their news. In order to survive in the media market, it means to present news as exciting and spectacular as possible. But what is the best stuff that makes a sensation? The following the-sis determines the news value of the “top stories” in the summer of 2016. It outlines the lead-ing media among online news. They are based on the two most popular daily newspapers of the six biggest EU-members. A total of 12 examples, reaching from British Daily Mail to French Le Monde, serve to analyse to what extent important news are portrayed as sensa-tional news. Topics about political decisions, terror attacks or natural disasters are proven as events, which are handled in completely different manners – from country to country and from editor to editor. Some shout the news out loud, others marginalise them. Their editing balances on a thin line between journalistic quality and the popular taste, depending on the medium’s news ethics. The research reveals, that the masses approve news characteristics like factuality, transparency or neutrality. On the other hand, they criticise emotional presen-tation, entertainment and sensationalism. Ultimately, this work emphasises which opportuni-ties and threats for society and democracy occur with sensationalism. The judgements are based on a profound theoretical debate and elaborated quantitative and qualitative analyses.

The ‘newsworthiness’ of news continues to be an issue of great importance within the field of journalism studies – as the recent publication of Harcup and O’Neill’s article ‘What is news? News values revisited (again)’ (Journalism Studies, 2016) attests. However, the question of what makes the news the news has been pursued, almost exclusively, in the context of mainstream news events and political reporting. The values that underpin other forms of journalism have as yet received little academic attention. This paper seeks to explore the ‘news values’ of British travel journalism.  As a form of lifestyle journalism, travel features arguably lack the political relevance and importance of their ‘hard’ news counter-parts. Nonetheless, given its close alliance to the world’s largest industry (tourism), this paper argues that the underlying ideological values of travel journalism are significant and worthy of study for what they reveal of the representational and narrative features of the genre as well as the cultural and economic context in which it is produced. As an exploratory investigation the aim is to identify and compile a preliminary taxonomy of ‘news values’ specific to the genre of travel journalism.

The reporting of both terrorism and conflicts is extensively investigated in past media discourse studies across contexts. However, a dearth in the literature exists regarding newsworthiness and its establishment in various forms of news discourse. Based on this niche, this thesis sought to closely examine how the 2017 Marawi City siege is constructed in print news reports as newsworthy. Specifically, it was aimed at determining (a) the linguistic and visual resources used to construe newsworthiness, (b) the news values used to construe the event’s newsworthiness, and (c) the existing multimodal relationship between language and images. Sixty news reports from three Philippine broadsheets were analyzed using Bednarek and Caple’s (2017) discursive news values framework. This multimodal corpus was examined with multiple methods, namely: (a) collocation analysis of MARAWI and its top three first order collocates, (b) manual analysis of verbal and visual devices utilized for each news value, and (c) the verbal and visual relationship in terms of each discursive news value. A scrutiny of the corpus reveals how local broadsheet journalists constructed the crisis as newsworthy. Firstly, MARAWI is associated closely with collocates that establish Proximity, Negativity, Eliteness, Personalization, Timeliness, Positivity, and Consonance; through collocates city, said, and Maute, recurring second order collocates of Negativity and Eliteness were largely identified. Regarding the manual analysis of texts and images, a range of verbal and visual devices were identified to construct news values except for Aesthetic Appeal. Secondly, an intrasemiotic assessment of news value trends in both verbal and visual data reveal that while the former constructs a concrete set of news values (i.e., Proximity, Timeliness, Superlativeness, and Eliteness), images appear to lack this feature. Lastly, when assessed for their multimodal relationship, texts and images appear to exhibit harmony, where texts and images complement news values with each other. How the crisis’ newsworthiness is constructed in the corpus is believed to have implications on news reporting principles and the role of the media in shaping public awareness of events.

The current research is based on Communication Theories and the studies of telejournalism. Its goals are to identify the prevailing newsworthiness factors that appears on the process of newsmaking and news selection on three Brazilian weekly television newsmagazines: A Liga, Conexão Repórter and Profissão Repórter. The analysis of news values reached the total of 592 editions, issued from 2010 to 2015. The time sample includes 12 episodes from each TV show (36 episodes in the total). The research embraces an historical review of newsworthiness and a bibliographic review of the concept of news and the concept of investigative journalism. The theoretical foundation was conducted on two biases: the aspects of Communication Theories and the features of telejournalism. Data analysis is based on Content Analysis, based on the structural analysis technique, as well as image analysis. The research backs the TV newsmagazines as weekly news TV shows; the prevailing of news values in the process of selecting news, but also in the newsmaking, and the relation between news values and motivational types of human values.

This article introduces a new framework for the analysis of news discourse to scholars in Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and beyond. It emphasises the importance of news values for linguistic analysis and encourages a constructivist approach to their analysis. The new methodological framework is situated within what the authors call a ‘discursive’ approach to news values. From this perspective, news values are seen as values that exist in and are constructed through discourse, and the primary research interest is in how texts construct newsworthiness through multimodal resources. This article first introduces resources that are used to construe news values in English-language news discourse, before illustrating the framework through two case studies of a 70,000-word corpus of British news discourse. The framework itself is intended for both multimodal discourse analysis and corpus linguistic analysis, although this article focuses more on the integration of corpus linguistic techniques. Thus, the discursive approach ties in well with two recent trends in CDA – towards multimodal and towards corpus-assisted discourse analysis. More specifically, the case studies show that corpus linguistic techniques can identify conventionalised discursive devices that are repeatedly used in news discourse to construct and perpetuate an ideology of newsworthiness. They further show that such techniques can provide a useful indication of the discursive construction of newsworthiness around a specific topic, event or news actor. The article concludes with an outline of further applications of the framework for (critical) linguistic analyses of news discourse.

Medya etiği yalnız Türkiye'de değil, bütün dünyada tartışma konusu. İngiltere gibi medya
özgürlüğünün ve çok sesliliğin örnek alındığı ülkelerde bile medyadaki yolsuzluklar, özel
yaşama müdahaleler, basının tekelleşmesi, siyasallaşması, medya patronlarının siyasete bulaşması yoğun eleştiri altında. Ancak demokrasinin bütün kurumlarıyla oturduğu gelişmiş,
eğitim düzeyi yüksek ülkelerde, kirlenmeye karşı direnen basın yayın organlarının varlığı, kamuoyu baskısı ve her şeyden önemlisi yargının tarafsızlığı demokrasinin göstermelik
olduğu ülkelere kıyasla medya için güvenli bir alan yaratabiliyor.

Öğrencilerin sadece medya kirliliğini oluşturan ortamları, iyi-kötü haber örneklerini
öğrenerek değil, kendileri haber yazarak, yazdıklarını tartışmalı ortamlarda hocalarıyla bir-
likte düzelterek ilkeli haberciliğin temel kurallarını işin başında öğrenmeleri gelecek için
umut vericidir. İlkeli medya ortamının yaratılması gençlere vereceğimiz, demokrasi, çok
seslilik, özgür düşünce, ilkeli habercilik temelli eğitimle yakından ilişkilidir. Bu bağlamda,
Yrd. Doç. Dr. Hasan Gürkan ve Yrd. Doç. Dr. Başak Gezmen'in Haber Uygulamaları, Haberin Temel İlkeleri kitabını, gelecekte medya ortamında çalışacak gençler için yararlı bilgi ve uygulamalar içeren önemli bir çalışma olarak değerlendiriyorum.

This article examines crowdsourcing as a knowledge-search method and an open journalistic
practice in digital journalism. The study draws on data from four cases in which professional
journalists used crowdsourcing in their investigations. Crowdsourcing resulted in an efficient
knowledge discovery and a continuous flow of tips to journalists and thus benefited journalistic
investigations. The horizontal and vertical transparency in crowdsourced journalism supported
the knowledge-search process. However, the high volume of submissions in some cases
made the journalists compromise the journalistic norm of data verification, which resulted in
publishing unverified information. Crowdsourcing as an open journalistic practice thus ruptures
journalistic norms and creates pressure for new ones to emerge, such as blended responsibility,
in which the responsibility for data accuracy is shared by the journalists and the readers. The
article extends the examination of open journalistic practices and contributes to the understanding
of their impact on digital journalism.

Wer bestimmt, was Journalisten über die Archäologie schreiben dürfen? Wie definiert man, was guter Wissenschaftsjournalismus ist? Braucht die Archäologie den Journalismus, um damit breite Öffentlichkeiten zu erreichen? Und was ist der Weg zu qualitätvollen Berichten über die Archäologie in Presse, Internet, Fernsehen und Radio? Manche Archäologen versuchen, aus
ihren eigenen Vorstellungen und Vorurteilen heraus ein Bild von gutem Wissenschaftsjournalismus zu zeichnen. Dieser Artikel möchte aufzeigen, dass dieses Vorgehen methodische Schwächen hat und zu keinem verlässlichen Ergebnis kommen kann. Unter Einbeziehung wissenschaftsjournalistischer Quellen wird versucht, das Bild, das der Journalismus von sich selbst hat, zu skizzieren und Wege zu einer konstruktiven Zusammenarbeit von Archäologen mit Journalisten aufzuzeigen.

Who determines what journalists should be allowed to write about archaeology? How to defi ne good science journalism? Does archaeology need journalism for reaching the public? How to get coverage of high quality in the press, on the internet, and in
TV and radio? Some archaeologists try to develop an idea of high quality science journalism that is in fact based on their very own perceptions and prejudices. This article tries to demonstrate the methodological weakness of such approaches and tries to show that a reliable result is not possible. By including sources from science journalism itself this text attempts to sketch journalism’s self-perception. Furthermore, it shortly tries to give an idea how archaeologists could cooperate constructively with journalists.""

The Declaration 'Dominus Iesus' (2000) is one of the Vatican documents to have provoked most journalistic controversy in recent years. We may ask ourselves why a topic of apparently little journalistic interest, such as a theological document, raised so much furore. The analysis of this case can help to reveal how the mainstream press deal with religion; and may be useful for verifying some inherent features of journalistic formats, such as news values and the mechanisms of journalistic interpretation. From the analysis of the journalistic reception of the Declaration, one may draw certain conclusions about the possible influence that the 'language' and internal dynamics of the mass media exert on the journalistic presentation of complex content, such as that of a doctrinal Declaration. For this study, we have examined 150 journalistic texts from 68 newspapers and magazines from 15 countries.