Newspapers

Traces the application of the inverted pyramid (IP) principle by newspaper editors at the “macro” level of page layout and typography from the 1830's. Considers the reasons for emergence of IP as the norm for writing news stories, at the “micro” level, from the 1880's.

People abused by angry discipline as children, may tend to abuse or overly punish other people or themselves for perceived wrongs in their adult life. In some individuals, aggressive personality traits may be genetically inherited. The aggressive personality may feel weakened by having guidelines or boundaries for anger. Anger is a normal human emotion, and these guidelines can help express anger in a healthy way.

Pidgin and creole languages are spoken by more than 75 million people, but the vast majority of their speakers acquire literacy in another language – usually the language of a former colonial power. This paper looks at the origins of pidgins and creoles and explores some of the reasons for their lack of use in formal education. Then it describes some language planning efforts that have occurred with regard to instrumentalisation and graphisation of these languages, and the few cases where they are actually used to teach initial literacy. The paper goes on to discuss how speakers of pidgins and creoles more commonly acquire literacy in the standard European language officially used in formal education. It concludes with a short section on the role of pidgins and creoles in newspapers, literature and other writing.

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In 1854 Charles Tompson described that the ‘village of Camden’ had ‘the aspect and the attributes of an English village’ (p.118) In doing so he was probably the first European to describe Camden’s Englishness, an attribute that numerous writers have agreed with, particularly in the early 20th century. Tompson was not the first to note the Englishness of the Cowpasture district. That privilege belonged to John Hawdon in 1828.

These are some of the observations of the Cowpastures drawn from the pen of Charles Tompson in a new collection of his work, Camden Through a Poet’s Eye, Charles Tompson (Jnr).

The West Virginia and Regional History Center's copy of the well known Wallpaper edition of the  Daily Citizen newspaper, printed during the Civil War on July 4, 1864, in Vicksburg, Mississippi, and its many reprintings is examined in this blog post.

Rachel Carson’s 1962 book, Silent Spring, is widely credited with altering Americans’ environmental consciousness and changing people’s relationship with nature, science, and government. One means by which the book, which chronicled the dangers of pesticides, has attained and reinforced its symbolic status in collective memory is through newspaper coverage, which remained persistent through its first five decades. This study of 50 years of Silent Spring in two elite newspapers traces how news media can help elevate a situated artifact into an enduring icon with contemporary power—not just through thoughtful, well-researched journalism but also through numerous instrumental decisions by copy editors, agate clerks, and calendar compilers.

As the 2016 American presidential election gathers pace, Richard Jones offers a timely look back at a classic episode which changed political journalism forever in Matt Bai’s account of how Gary Hart’s quest for the Democratic nomination for the US presidency in the 1980s ended up focusing more on the personal than the political.

This exploratory paper analyses monetary and power relations between Facebook and news companies by investigating their web traffic sources, social sharing practices and content distribution on Facebook. The paper also seeks to determine the extent to which news companies’ revenue is derived from the platform. This is an ambitious task because news corporations don’t publish any social media related revenue. Similarly, constant tweaks on Facebook algorithms means that the data about news companies news sharing, traffic and potential revenue is constantly changing, and this may distort some findings. Four New Zealand media companies are used as case studies to examine the issue. Two of the companies are news publishers, one a broadcaster and one a digital start-up. The findings of the paper are primarily based on the quantitative analysis of web traffic and social sharing data. In general, academic and industry related reports have concluded that news publishers have become overly reliant on Facebook in terms of news distribution, audience attention and traffic. However, there are contradictory views about the nature and extent of this dependency, and this requires further evaluation.
Social media has become a popular research topic in academia, and the field of research is expanding. Researchers such as Christian Fuchs have extensively analysed social media companies in terms of audience commodification, monetisation and exploitation of digital labour. The Tow Center for Digital Journalism has also examined the power relations between Facebook and news publishers. However, this relationship requires in-depth empirical investigation especially in regard to social sharing and the monetisation of news content on Facebook.
To aid the analysis of relations between Facebook and news companies the concept of platform capitalism is utilised. Platforms make a profit by extraditing large amounts of data from their users and by operating as an intermediary between different user groups, and this business model allows them to control users and set rules for other participants on the platform. With the evidence gathered from the five case studies, the paper will consider the usefulness of the platform capitalism concept in understanding the monetary and power relations between news companies and Facebook.

Political control is one of the central and
conditioning aspects of the relationship
between journalists and politicians.
Through the perceptions of journalists
and politicians, this article analyzes the
validity, characteristics, and functioning
of one of the principal mechanisms of political
control: the journalistic oversight of
politics, which is linked to the watchdog
theory and political pressures on the media.
In addition, the degree of mediatization
of politics is measured with regard
to media autonomy. The methodology is
based on in-depth interviews of 45 participants
in Spain. The results indicate
the pre-eminence of political pressures
that are principally exercised via indirect
means (i.e., communications offices
and media enterprises). The latter are a
vehicle for channeling political control,
which reveals the weight of the factors
associated with political economy in the
relationship between journalists and
politicians. Finally, the low incidence of
journalistic oversight of politics reveals a
reduced level of mediatization in Spain.

This chapter discusses research on the policies, laws, and subsidies that create and shape the organizational
structures and practices that form the basis of the news media. The research reviewed treats news media
institutions as political actors and makes assumptions about journalism’s importance in a democratic society.
Although this line of research, with its emphasis on political economic and normative questions, often has been
marginalized in American mass communication scholarship, the authors explain its ongoing importance,
particularly in relation to the journalism crisis, and, suggest future directions.

The delivery of news on Twitter and social media to an increasing majority of people has replaced the attempt to disseminate facts and truth on traditional news media, with the new goal of massive engagement via likes, retweets, and shares, with the result that an informed public, however imperfectly constructed, is being shoved aside by a polarized populace seething with anger.

Over the past two decades with the rise of digital media, newspapers across Western democracies have been increasingly adopting new forms of online participatory journalism. During this time, 'below the line' comment spaces have grown to be one of the most popular forms of user-generated content. Comment spaces are thought to perform a multitude of functions. However, much has been made about their potential as spaces for public debate that could act as a new form of the public sphere where journalists can hear from, and directly engage with, their readers. Survey and interview research has suggested that some journalists do read, and sometimes engage in, comment sections. However, no study has systematically analysed how journalists actually engage in comment spaces; what factors shape such engagement; and how this has evolved over time. In this chapter, we begin to fill in these gaps by investigating how Guardian journalists behave below the line. Our research, which draws upon a multi-method approach and longitudinal research dataset, included a manual content analysis of all comments made (2006-17) by 26 journalists (n= 5448) and 18 semi-structured interviews conducted in two phases (13 in 2012 and 5 repeated in 2017-18). Our chapter sheds light on how journalists behave below the line and what this might mean for journalism practice in the digital age.

This paper explores how the Swedish state communicated lotteries at the end of the eighteenth century. Kungliga Nummerlotteriet is best known for its famous secretary, Carl Michael Bellman. The lottery was an important revenue collecting strategy, connected to building infrastructure and benefiting the poor. By printing winners’ names, the state also attempted to sell the lottery. The average individual could appear in the public record and not as a debtor. This study places the lottery in the context of the state-managed Post- och Inrikes Tidningar and other descriptions of everyday life that are printed in the paper.

The paper discusses verse written in Chichewa, the national language of Malawi, that is published in Malawian newspapers, specifically the weeklies; the Weekend Nation and the Malawi News. The paper contends that the verse appearing in these newspapers are topical, essentially socio-political commentary that at the time of publication preoccupies the Malawi nation. Because the newspaper as a medium is populist the verse itself tends to be populist as well. This entails that the verse is largely ephemeral and its interest to a large extent lies not in its intrinsic quality but rather in the implications it may hold for the development of Chichewa poetry.

The book describes the events in the 100 years after the fall of the meteorite near the Avče village in the Soča Valley.
The expert monograph on the first Slovene meteorite acquaints us with meteorites in general and specifically with the fall of the iron-nickel meteorite near the Avče village in the Soča Valley (western Slovenia) on March 31st 1908, and its subsequent history until 2008.
The Avče meteorite was almost completely forgotten in Slovenia until 2007. The authors nevertheless succeeded in gathering in a relatively short time a surprisingly rich collection of texts and illustrations.
This meteorite was mentioned in only three Slovene publications in the 100 years since its fall in 1908: in a textbook by Leopold Poljanec a professor in Maribor (Mineralogy and Geology, Celovec 1909), in an article by Rajko Pavlovec On the meteorites in our country (Življenje in tehnika 12, 1962, p. 392) and in an article by Milan Ilić entitled Thousand pieces fallen from the space (Delo 43, 2001, no. 134, p. 12).
Especially valuable are the numerous newspaper notices from April 1908, completely unknown until now, and the testimonies of the locals.
Thanks to the testimony of the grandson of the owner of the land parcel where the meteorite fell, the exact place of its fall is known, which is only a half hour walk from the village.
The wrong coordinates still appear in the Meteoritical Bulletin Database, which mark a site near the Neblo village in Goriška Brda on the right bank of the Soča river as the place of the fall (http://tin.er.usgs.gov/meteor/metbull.php).
Both articles on the Avče meteorite, written in German by Friedrich Martin Berwerth, the director of the Mineralogical-Petrographic Department of the Natural History Museum in Vienna, and published in 1908 (Über den Niederfall eines Eisenmeteoriten bei Avče im Isonzotale) and in 1909 (Ein österreichisches Meteoreisen), are reproduced and translated into Slovene, as is the chapter in V. F. Buchwald's Handbook of iron meteorites (1975: Avče, Slovenia, Yugoslavia).
The bibliography shows that in the long period from 1908 to 2007, the Avče meteorite was mentioned or presented in 28 bibliographic units, published almost entirely outside Slovenia, and in the years 2007 and 2008 it was mentioned in 24 bibliographic units, published almost entirely in Slovenia.

Tato seminární práce zpracovává publicistický profil deníku Lidové noviny. V první části práce jsou uvedeny základní údaje o deníku včetně cílové skupiny a stručná historie Lidových novin. Práce zmiňuje i významné přispěvatele z historie, kteří publikovali do Lidových novin. Druhá část seminární práce se věnuje obsahu Lidových novin. Práce se zaměří především na publicistické žánry, které se v novinách objevují. Žánry rozebere a pokusí se je zhodnotit. V závěru se práce bude věnovat celkovému zhodnocení tohoto deníku z hlediska publicistických žánrů.

Use of newspapers for dishing–out, wrapping or packing of food by local street food vendor is a common phenomenon which is availed by a major segment of the populace. The use contaminates the food and slowly poisons the consumers creating an unnoticed health hazard and consequence. It is a survey based research which concentrates on the perception of the local street vendors in Pune region about the ill-effects of use of newspapers as consumption of food wrapped in newspapers is injurious to health, even if the food had been cooked hygienically. The FSSAI has stated that there is an urgent need to discourage the use of newspaper as food packaging material by creating awareness among businesses, especially unorganized food business operators, about the harmful effects. It also investigates their attitude after being erudite about the disadvantages of the deed.

http://depgai9.com/kem-duong-da-danh-cho-tuoi-30-phu-hop-nhat/
Hướng dẫn cách chọn kem dưỡng da dành cho tuổi 30 phù hợp nhất hiện nay. Công dụng giúp cho da khỏe mạnh ngăn chặn được quá trình lão hóa một cách hiệu quả và đơn giản nhất tại nhà. Quy trình chăm sóc làn da vào ban ngày và ban đêm cho những người 30 Giới thiệu và tư vấn sản phẩm kem dưỡng da dành cho tuổi 30 phù hợp nhất. Nếp nhăn của các bạn bắt đầu xuất hiện ở độ tuổi 30 nếu như các bạn không có một chế độ chăm sóc da nhất định. Màu da tự nhiên ngày nào của các bạn cũng sẽ bắt đầu biến mất. Nguyên nhân chính là do tốc độ của quá trình tái tạo các tế bào da bị chậm đi. Xem thêm: • Da nhay cam co nen dung kem nen khong • Mặt nạ ngủ laneige có tác dụng gì Tư vấn ccahs chọn mua kem dưỡng da dành cho tuổi 30 phù hợp Phương pháp chăm sóc da mặt của tuổi 30 sẽ giúp các bạn chống lão hóa hiệu quả nhất và qua đó cũng giúp duy trì sự trẻ trung đầy sức sống của làn da cho các chị em phụ nữ lúc nào cũng trở nên tỏa sáng và xinh đẹp. Làn da của các chị em phụ nữ sẽ bắt đầu lão hóa rất nhanh khi chúng ta bước sang độ tuổi 30 do đó cũng phải có chế độ chăm sóc làn da phù hợp nhất để giúp lànda khỏe mạnh và ngăn chặn được quá trình lão hóa một cách hiệu quả nhất. Nhưng điều này thì sẽ không phải ai cũng biết, bài viết sau đây chúng tôi sẽ hướng dẫn cho các bạn những cách chăm sóc da chống lão hóa trước tuổi 30 một cách hiệu quả nhất hiện nay đang được các chuyên gia gợi ý. Chọn loại kem dưỡng da có độ pH thích hợp tuổi 30 Những loại kem dưỡng da dành cho tuổi 30 phù hợp. Việc sử dụng các sản phẩm mỹ phẩm có độ pH phù hợp đối với làn da đã là quan trọng hơn một bậc so với những bạn ở lứa tuổi trước. Hiện tại, thì làn da ở độ tuổi 30 cũng đã rất kém trong việc tái tạo lại làn da và cách phòng chống được các tác nhân gây hại cho da từ bên ngoài, nếu như độ pH có trong những sản phẩm chăm sóc da như: sữa rửa mặt, tẩy da chết,hay những loại kem dưỡng da,…nếu như không thích hợp thì sẽ dẫn đến tình trạng mất đi sự cân bằng và gây ra tình trạng mất nước cho làn da hoặc dẫn đến tình trạng bong tróc vì da khô quá mức. Các bước chăm sóc làn da ban ngày phù hợp với tuổi 30 Sử dụng Kem dưỡng da dành cho tuổi 30 phù hợp. Theo đó quy trình chống lại lão hóa da ban ngày: Hãy cùng khởi động buổi sáng của các bạn với những sản phẩm giúp bảo vệ làn da khỏi ánh nắng mặt trời và những nguyên tố độc hại có trong môi trường sinh hoạt hằng ngày sẽ khiến tế bào làn da bạn bị phá hủy. Bước 1: Có rất nhiều bạn cho rằng, không nên rửa mặt bằng các loại gel, dung dịch, hay các loại sữa rửa mặt vào buổi sáng để có thể giữ lại độ ẩm nhất định cho làn da của mình. Tuy nhiên đây lại là một trong những quan điểm không mấy đúng đắn chút nào bởi vì, việc rửa mặt vào mỗi sángcó thể giúp cho các bạn tẩy sạch những tàn dư vốn còn sót lại của những sản phẩm dưỡng da mà các bạn đã sử dụng cho da mặt vào ban đêm, giúp cho làn da luôn sạch sẽ. Nếu như các bạn sợ rằng da của mình sẽ bị tẩy khô thì cũng có thể sử dụng kem rửa mặt hoặc tinh dầu trước đó.

We examined the moderating influence of dispositional behavioral inhibition system (BIS) and behavioral activation system (BAS) sensitivities on the relationship of startling background music with emotion-related subjective and physiological responses elicited during reading news reports, and with memory performance among 26 adult men and women. Physiological parameters measured were respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA), electrodermal activity (EDA), and facial electromyography (EMG). The results showed that, among high BAS individuals, news stories with startling background music were rated as more interesting and elicited higher zygomatic EMG activity and RSA than news stories with non-startling music. Among low BAS individuals, news stories with startling background music were rated as less pleasant and more arousing and prompted higher EDA. No BIS-related effects or effects on memory were found. Startling background music may have adverse (e.g., negative arousal) or beneficial effects (e.g., a positive emotional state and stronger positive engagement) depending on dispositional BAS sensitivity of an individual. Actual or potential applications of this research include the personalization of media presentations when using modern media and communications technologies.

PhD Dissertation, 2008-2011.
This dissertation is a comparative analysis of New Zealand’s and Vancouver Island’s print culture between 1853 and 1862. It utilises the colonial press as a key archive to track the resonance of ideas and arguments across the British Empire at a time when violence in the colonies called imperial authority into question. It demonstrates that in this moment of imperial crisis, humanitarian language remained politically efficacious and widely deployed in both New Zealand and Vancouver Island. This usage occurred in spite of and sometimes because of colonists’ anxiety related to the threat of indigenous violence. The popularity of humanitarianism was also influenced by the press’ symbolic role as an embodiment of public opinion and the British Empire’s status as an agent of Providence. Influenced by Harold Innis and James Carey, this dissertation pays close attention to the mechanics of news transmission, especially how the practice of ‘cut and paste’ journalism reproduced colonial news across the British Empire. Forms of argument mattered just as much as facts in this context.
Through a comparative approach, this dissertation is able to assess the features both common and unique to New Zealand and Vancouver Island, including the effects of their divergent locations within imperial networks. While New Zealand had established press connections with Great Britain and other settler colonies, newspaper editors in Vancouver Island considered themselves on the edge of empire. Indeed, New Zealand colonists’ perceptions of metropolitan surveillance shaped interpretations of the Taranaki war. In contrast, Vancouver Island’s isolation facilitated an interpretive dichotomy. While the colonial press offered pervasive reportage of local Aboriginal violence, Vancouver Island’s boosters provided metropolitan readers with disarming accounts of local Aboriginal peoples and no details of colonists’ anxiety. Coverage of anxiety and violence and the use of humanitarian themes often coalesced, informed by colonial editors’ imagined audiences, colonial executives’ ties to missionary humanitarians, and perceptions of metropolitan control.

Pourquoi recourir à un modèle collaboratif au XVIIe siècle ? Quelles sont les contraintes matérielles qu’implique ce fonctionnement ? Quels problèmes de valorisation et de reconnaissance la création collective suscite-t-elle ? Cet article prend pour objet le Mercure galant, qui constitue l’une des plus grandes entreprises collaboratives du siècle de Louis XIV. Roman du règne et chronique mensuelle de l’histoire culturelle et politique du royaume de France, cette entreprise incita Donneau de Visé à recourir à la fois aux contributions de ses lecteurs et à recycler des sources imprimées variées. On démontre ainsi que l’œuvre collective n’est pas seulement une affaire d’écriture, mais aussi de logistique et de commerce.