Health Communication

This study aimed to examine whether social capital (bonding and bridging social capital) attenuate the effect of low functional health literacy on health information resources, efficacy, and behaviors. In-person interviews were conducted with 1,000 residents in Seoul, Korea, in 2011. The authors found that respondents' functional health literacy had positive effects on the scope of health information sources and health information self-efficacy but not health information-seeking intention. Respondents' social capital had positive effects on the scope of health information sources, health information efficacy, and health information-seeking intention. The authors found (a) a significant moderation effect of bridging social capital on the relation between health literacy and health information self-efficacy and (b) a moderation effect of bonding social capital on the relation between health literacy and health information-seeking intention.

"In recent projects I have used flip cameras with participants from ethnic minority communities who were recording their experience of adult learning as enrichment. In another project we used more expensive cameras in a health setting in order to examine what the priorities were for service users. The footage has had multiple benefits and we continue to develop the use of visual technologies and methodologies:

• to empower and support the participation of service users and clients;
• to provide evidence and documentation of outputs and project delivery;
• to support the creative personalization of service delivery;
• to inform project evaluation;
• to demonstrate accountability;
• to improve the accessibility and awareness of services;
• to influence policy and strategic development options;
• to foster dialogue between groups of people - both vertical (client to manager) and horizontal (client to service user)

The main body of this short paper evaluates eighteen benefits or advantages associated with auto-ethnographic methodology"

The nature of society means health and medical communication often occurs in different international and local settings. Such interactions generally involve offering care-practices that help individuals maintain or return to a level of health and wellness. These exchanges usually take place in different cultural, linguistic, and geopolitical environments involving individuals who: Provide care to others Educate others on care and caregiving Receive or participate in such care In these situations, care-related information must be contextualized to address how care is perceived and administered in such contexts. Doing so is not easy, for it requires an understanding of the cultural context of care. In this special issue, the authors examine a range of contexts of care to show how technical communicators and rhetoricians of health and medicine can work at the intersections of health, wellness, and culture to contribute to healthcare practice.

Unlike traditional mass media, peer interaction between individuals is of critical importance in the dissemination mechanisms for social media. There is emerging interest in the possible novel application of social media in disseminating public health information or messages. In this paper, we analyze tweet and re-tweet behaviour in the context of Australian public health-related micro-blog posts to provide preliminary insights into the characteristics of widely disseminated tweets (including characteristics of re-tweeting accounts). In this way we also consider the nature and role of human computer-mediated interactions in affecting the level of dissemination of Twitter-based public health messages.

It is sometimes argued that the non-therapeutic, non-consensual alteration of children’s genitals should be discussed in two separate ethical discourses: one for girls (in which such alterations should be termed ‘female genital mutilation’ or FGM), and one for boys (in which such alterations should be termed ‘male circumcision’). In this article, I call into question the moral and empirical basis for such a distinction, and argue that all children—whether female, male, or intersex—should be free from having parts of their genitals removed unless there is a pressing medical indication.

People abused by angry discipline as children, may tend to abuse or overly punish other people or themselves for perceived wrongs in their adult life. In some individuals, aggressive personality traits may be genetically inherited. The aggressive personality may feel weakened by having guidelines or boundaries for anger. Anger is a normal human emotion, and these guidelines can help express anger in a healthy way.

There is really no such thing as a neutral communication. People being who they are with varying health-related goals and priorities react to healthcare communications differently. Understanding and planning for the factors that shape perception and how healthcare consumers react is essential to effective healthcare communications. The most effective communications must be developed with a sound understanding of the various goal-directed, health-related response patterns of the target audience, i.e., those factors that define the consumer's psychological set, shape their selective perception, and the likelihood that they will elaborate on and act on a message delivered through an advertisement or marketing communication.

India records a high incidence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-related infections and cancers, with cervical cancer being the second biggest cause of mortality among women with cancer in the country. Immunization against the high-risk HPV serotypes can efficiently prevent related diseases. The HPV vaccine was recommended to be added to the Universal Immunization Program (UIP) of India by the National Technical Advisory Group on Immunization (NTAGI) in 2017. However, following a controversial vaccine trial in 2009 and a pending decision on a related legal case, the Government of India has refrained from including the vaccine in the UIP. This study is an analysis of the media coverage of HPV-related issues and HPV vaccine-related sentiment in English language news media in India from 2015 to 2018. The sampled news media for the study include four national daily newspapers, The Hindu, The Times of India, The Indian Express and Hindustan Times; and two Indian news websites, The Wire and Scroll.in. Results based on the sentiment analysis of the media coverage reveal a predominantly positive sentiment towards the HPV vaccine with a marginal presence of thematically framed negative and contested opinion against the vaccine. The analysis of media framing of the issue reveals a prevalence of authoritative frames devoid of exemplification, and extensive use of behavioral determinants of health to establish responsibility in HPV-related health status.

Resumen. La promoción de la alfabetización en salud (AES) está generando cambios significativos en la forma que las personas y los órganos oficiales perciben y gestionan la salud. Los medios de comunicación aparecen como uno de los elementos estratégicos para el desarrollo en ese tipo de alfabetización. El objetivo de este artículo es conocer el nivel de visibilidad de las informaciones que fomentan la alfabetización en salud-IFAES-en los diferentes medios de comunicación en Portugal. Se analizaron 947 noticias. Los resultados preliminares de esa investigación indican que las informaciones vinculadas a la alfabetización en salud aún tienen bajo nivel de visibilidad en los medios lusos y, además, revelan que los temas vinculados a la salud pública y tratamientos de enfermedades tienen mayor cubertura que los temas asociados a la prevención de riesgos de la salud o la gestión particular de una vida sana. Palabras clave: Alfabetización en salud; medios de comunicación; noticias; Portug...

Hybrid organizations in modern health movements adopt multiple organizational logistics, allowing them to more effectively achieve social change.  We conducted an analysis of 152 pro-breastfeeding organization websites categorized as institutionalized organizations, grassroots organizations, or hybrid organizations. Through a series of ANOVA analyses, we found that hybrid’s websites provide significantly more useful healthcare information, better maintained dialogue with members, more efficiently mobilized members, commoditized healthcare issues less, and created member identity while maintaining institutional ties.  Ultimately, hybrids tended to incorporate the positive elements from both grassroots and institutional organizations, while rejecting many of the negative elements.

We can seek out strategies and experts to help us teach effectively face-to-face with a mask. Colleagues in my field of communication and those in allied disciplines like theater and dance know how to mobilize nonverbal strategies and images. Furthermore, interdisciplinary studies of women and gender, public health, and inclusive pedagogy have already advanced useful theories and solutions to related issues. I explain four challenges to teaching with a mask: masks dehumanize and medicalize the classroom; masks hide our faces and emotions; masks stifle speech and sound; and masks divide us. I then offer specific pedagogical strategies for overcoming them.

Social marketing is contributing to a number of fields of research and the successful application of marketing tools and techniques in social issues is well established. Gordon’s (2013) Special Edition of the Journal of Social Marketing (Vol 3 Issue 3) challenged social marketing researchers to consider their endeavours in terms of new and fresh approaches. This issue challenges the social marketing domain to go beyond behaviour change and consider how social marketing can contribute to the fields of social innovation, social change, social advocacy and to develop macro or meso level social good (Kotler, 2013; Lusch, 2013). Social marketers must work across the various levels to enhance social good, this means that they must focus on activities and programs that go beyond behaviour change. Behaviour change contributes to and happens within the context of broader social change, while social change can manifest, demand, condition, or inhibit desirable change in human behaviour.

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo sistematizar la producción científica de la Revista de Comunicación y Salud en sus primeros diez números, publicados entre 2011 y 2017. Se analizan cuatro aspectos: las tendencias temáticas de los textos, el perfil de las autorías, los principales referentes teóricos del campo de la comunicación para la salud y los encuadres metodológicos. La información fue sistematizada a través del Programa de base de datos relaciones Filemaker, en la versión 17 Avanzada. Para el análisis de los textos, se realizó un estudio sistemático de revisión, con el fin de evaluar, interpretar y sintetizar los datos encontrados. La revista refleja las principales tendencias investigativas en el campo de la comunicación para la salud, en el plano iberoamericano e internacional. También corrobora que estamos frente a un campo de investigación relativamente joven, con un matiz interdisciplinar que lo enriquece como campo del conocimiento científico. Además, la revista representa un punto de atracción de la producción científica en torno a la comunicación para la salud en la región iberoamericana. Palabras clave: comunicación para la salud, revistas científicas, estudio sistemático de revisión. Abstract The aim of this article is to systematize the Journal of Communication and Health's scientific production in its first ten issues, published between 2011 and 2017. Four aspects are analyzed: the thematic tendencies of the texts, the profile of the authors, the main theoretical models and the methodological frameworks in the health communication ´s field. The information was systematized through the Filemaker 1 Autor para correspondencia: Julio César Aguila jaguila@ucol.mx

Mobile phones have been shown effective in several public health domains. However, there are few evaluations of the effectiveness of mobile health in health promotion. Also, although many studies have referenced behavioral theory, none appears to have explicitly tested theoretical assumptions or demonstrated mechanisms of change. More robust evaluation models that incorporate theory and measurement of behavioral mediators are needed. As in all public health programs, mobile health operates within a social ecological context. For example, organizational- and individual-level programs seek to influence health and health care practices and individual health behaviors. New programs such as Text4baby demonstrate how theory and explicit testing of mediators can be incorporated in evaluations. There are challenges and opportunities facing mHealth evaluations given the nature of the mobile channel. Mobile communication is ubiquitous, available at all times and places, and thus experimental control is often difficult. Natural experiments using variation in dosage of mHealth and place- or location-based designs may increase experimental control. Text4baby is a text messaging program that provides prenatal care messages to pregnant women and new mothers. It uses a partnership model with health care facilities often serving as local implementation partners. The authors review a case example of the evaluation of Text4baby at Madigan Army Medical Center. Participants were randomized to usual prenatal care plus text messaging or usual care alone. The evaluation has a theoretical model of behavior change and measures mediators as well as behavioral outcomes. Results will inform how behavioral theory works within mobile health programs.

BACKGROUND: Athletes competing in sports that require running, changes in direction, repetitive kicking and physical contact are at a relatively higher risk of experiencing episodes of athletic groin pain. To date, there has been no systematic review that aims to inform clinicians about the best available evidence on features of exercise interventions for groin pain in athletes. The primary aim

This research paper has been inspired by my close female friends who are all vegan, vegetarian or eating a non-conventional diet and who have and continue to use the internet for dietary purposes. This research was aimed to understand "How have young, wealthy women in France reinforced their eating preferences by "successfully managing" the complexity of the health information online?". This research question is opposed to the existing literature that has explained that because the internet is complex, people do not have an active choice in how they interact with it. The objective of this research was to understand how young, wealthy women in France have reinforced their eating styles while researching health information online and the role their education has played in this process. To do so, this research has looked at women's internet consumption of the health information online and the steps as well as the overall process they have followed to manage to complexity of the internet. This research was done qualitatively, and the sampling size was of height. The methods used were in-depth open-ended interviews and mediated interviews. This research will argue that my interviewees have become active participants in their use of the internet by elaborating the successful management method but that they have failed to successfully manage the complexity of the internet because they became overly confident in their abilities to use that method. The successful management method is a method that allows the control and the organization of online researches and is composed of five parts: a desire to know, followed by elaborate and lengthy research, the selection and the comparison of health information, and finally, the critical processing of the information from which they have acted upon. The "overly confident" phenomenon is the belief to have the ability to successfully manage the complexity of the internet but to have failed to do so because of a wrong use of the successful management method or because of an unawareness of the nature of the internet. This paper will conclude that the internet is not a great choice for online health information researches because its complex and critical nature have made the practical use of the method difficult. In addition, it will explain that wealthy women in France are more likely to reinforce their dietary preference based on wrong, incomplete or bias evidences because they can become overly confident with their abilities to successfully manage the complexity of the internet and tragically they might not even realise it. What is important here is that this research has shown us that people are active when they use the internet and that the educated ones even consider themselves as successful participants, which is at the total opposite of the existing literature in the medical field.

Psychiatric practitioners are currently encouraged to adopt a patient centered approach that emphasizes the sharing of decisions with their clients, yet recent research suggests that fully collaborative decision making is rarely actualized in practice. This paper uses the methodology of Conversation Analysis to examine how psychiatrists justify their psychiatric treatment recommendations to clients. The analysis is based on audio-recordings of interactions between clients with severe mental illnesses (such as, schizophrenia, bipolar disorders, etc.) in a long-term, outpatient intensive community treatment program and their psychiatrist. Our focus is on how practitioners design their accounts (or rationales) for recommending for or against changes in medication type and dosage and the interactional deployment of these accounts.  We find that psychiatrists use two different types of accounts: they tailor their recommendations to the clients’ concerns and needs (client-attentive accounts) and ground their recommendations in their professional expertise (authority-based accounts). Even though psychiatrists have the institutional mandate to prescribe medications, we show how the use of accounts displays psychiatrists’ orientation to building consensus with clients in achieving medical decisions by balancing medical authority with the sensitivity to the treatment relationship.

The development of e-health may provide powerful tools to improve health, but users’ health literacy plays a role in their ability to make the most of e-health applications. This study reviewed research focused on e-health and health literacy, using content analysis to assess 95 articles from 2000 to 2010 to provide an overview of work done in this emerging field. Articles were coded for use of theory, research methods, and clarity of reporting study results. Findings indicate a lack of theory-driven design and evaluation of e-health applications, low use of established general health literacy measures, and interdisciplinary work with somewhat limited contributions by communication scholars. Implications for advancing this field of research are discussed.

With the lack of attention to the attrition of child participants, loss to follow up (LTFU) holds significant implications for the health of young adults in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study (PHACS), a multi-center cohort study with children either perinatally infected with HIV (PHIV) or HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU). Young adults (18+) face barriers to being retained in the study, including competing time demands, geographic relocation, study fatigue, stigma, and low health literacy. Formative research, Photovoice (participatory photo elicitation), and a focus group informed the design of a web-based media strategy based on the Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM) to increase study engagement. Six members of the Young Adult and Adult Community Advisory Boards (CABs) were recruited via email and given Photovoice training via Prezi. Photos were taken around the theme of self-identity. A teleconference focus group facilitated reflections and salient themes for the video compilation exhibit. Themes included: 1) stereotypes, 2) layered-identities, 3) stigma, and 4) self-identity. Additional meta-themes were also codified. Media strategy recommendations included: 1) participatory media and photography, 2) digital story maps, 3) social media, and 4) content and topics. Based on the results of this project with a limited sample, participatory media like Photovoice may have a positive impact on participants at risk for LTFU by increasing study engagement. While some research supports this qualitative methodology, limitations must be considered. Future PHACS projects should incorporate a needs assessment and evaluation. Moreover, further research in this area of public health and health communication needs to continue overall.

Human Immuno-deficiency Virus / Acquired Immuno-deficiency Syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is primarily related to human’s attitude and behavior, and has created severe public health problems all over the world. Therefore, the role of television messages in spreading awareness and knowledge leading to attitudinal and behavioral changes needs to be inquired. The objective of this research study is to investigate attitude and behavior of the people who are directly or
indirectly associated and affected by the disease and the impact of television messages thereof. Three target groups chosen for this study are - People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) and their family members; community members where PLHAs reside and health staff dealing with
PLHAs. With these objectives, three Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) have been conducted.
This study finds that television is an effective medium for creating awareness, informing and educating people about HIV/AIDS and also for increasing acceptability of PLHAs and their family members in society. People are adopting preventive behavior after watching television
programs pertaining to prevalence and prevention of HIV/AIDS. The study also reveals that some myth & misconceptions, discriminating behavior regarding HIV/AIDS did exist in society even today. The study concludes that attitude and behavior of masses against PLHAs and their
family members has changed to some extent but the PLHAs are still facing stigma and discrimination in some form or other.

In the midst of a particularly difficult, deadly flu season, Gloria Copeland – televangelist, co-founder of Kenneth Copeland Ministries, and member of President Trump’s faith advisory council – seemed to suggest that flu shots were unnecessary to protect against influenza, and instead, one should “inoculate yourself with the word of God.” This paper examines Copeland's inoculation rhetoric through the lens of inoculation theory and finds that Copeland's rhetoric was both consistent and inconsistent. She neither promoted flu shots nor used inoculation as a rhetorical device, but she did claim to be advocating inoculation of a different type.