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Actuators in Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control

A special issue of Actuators (ISSN 2076-0825). This special issue belongs to the section "High Torque/Power Density Actuators".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 30 September 2025 | Viewed by 2344

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
Interests: magnetic levitation system; motor design and control; control theory; robotics; internet of things
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Traction Power, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
Interests: dynamics of high-temperature superconducting maglev train system; superconducting maglev transportation; low-vacuum-pipeline maglev transportation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Magnetic levitation is widely used in various fields, including rail transit, bearings, motors, precision motion systems, actuators, biomedicine, chemistry, and materials science. Because there is no mechanical contact, magnetic levitation systems have the advantages of friction-free motion, a multi-degree-of-freedom drive, vacuum compatibility, low response time, pollution-free operation, etc.

This Special Issue aims to provide a broad overview of the latest achievements and applications of magnetic bearings and magnetic actuators in many fields of mechanics, covering industry, automation, automotive, aerospace, and transportation. We welcome original research papers, as well as review papers focused on the current state of the art in one of the areas covered by aims and scopes of Actuators. The main topics of this Special Issue include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Active magnetic bearings (AMBs);
  • Passive magnetic bearings (PMBs);
  • Electrodynamic bearings (EDBs);
  • Superconducting magnetic bearings (SMBs);
  • Hybrid bearing systems;
  • Smart bearing sensors, actuators, and power electronics for magnetic bearings;
  • Self-sensing (sensorless) techniques;
  • Advanced control;
  • Rotor dynamics;
  • Safety and reliability aspects;
  • Fault detection, diagnosis, and tolerance;
  • Flywheels;
  • Ultrahigh-speed bearings;
  • Micro-bearings;
  • Electromagnetic suspensions (EMSs);
  • Electrodynamic suspensions (EDSs);
  • Diamagnetic levitation;
  • Electrostatic levitation;
  • Maglev train;
  • Magnetic transmission.

As an open access journal, Actuators has an Article Processing Charge (APC) of 2400 CHF for accepted papers. The 12th National Conference on Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control Conference (https://csve.kejie.org.cn/meeting/CSMLTVC12/) participants will receive a 20% discount on this fee.

Prof. Dr. Guang-Zhong Cao
Prof. Dr. Zigang Deng
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Actuators is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • magnetic bearing
  • magnetic levitation
  • motor
  • control
  • vibration
  • applications

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Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

20 pages, 18170 KiB  
Article
Accurate Suspension Force Modeling and Its Control System Design Based on the Consideration of Degree-of-Freedom Interaction
by Weiyu Zhang and Aojie Xu
Actuators 2025, 14(2), 61; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14020061 - 26 Jan 2025
Viewed by 202
Abstract
In this study, an accurate suspension force modeling method for the magnetic bearings of flywheel batteries considering degree-of-freedom (DOF) interactions and their control system is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional flywheel battery suspension force model does not consider DOF interactions, [...] Read more.
In this study, an accurate suspension force modeling method for the magnetic bearings of flywheel batteries considering degree-of-freedom (DOF) interactions and their control system is proposed to solve the problem that the traditional flywheel battery suspension force model does not consider DOF interactions, which makes the control system control effect poor. Firstly, according to the structural characteristics of the flywheel battery used, a suspension force model is established for the radial and axial magnetic bearings, which are most seriously interfered with by the torsional degrees of freedom of the flywheel battery. Next, by proposing DOF interaction factors, the complex changes due to DOF interactions are cleverly summarized into several interaction factors applied to the fundamental model to achieve accurate suspension force modeling considering DOF interactions. To better adapt the established accurate model and ensure precise control of the flywheel battery system under various working conditions, the firefly algorithm is employed to optimize the BP neural network (FA-BPNN). This optimization regulates the control system’s parameters, enabling the achievement of optimal control parameters in different scenarios and enhancing control efficiency. Compared to the flywheel battery controlled using the fundamental model, the radial and axial displacements are reduced by more than 30 percent and 20 percent, respectively, in the uphill condition using the accurate model with FA-BPNN. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actuators in Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control)
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18 pages, 17944 KiB  
Article
Numerical Modeling and Structure Optimization for Magnetic Levitation Planar Machine Using PCB Coils
by Han Zhang, Jiawen He, Xianze Xu, Rui Wang, Manman Xu and Fengqiu Xu
Actuators 2025, 14(1), 33; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14010033 - 16 Jan 2025
Viewed by 407
Abstract
Magnetically levitated (ML) systems that incorporate PCB coils represent a growing trend in precision machining, valued for their controllable current flow and high fill factor. The size of modern power devices is decreasing to enhance power density, minimize parasitic inductance, and reduce power [...] Read more.
Magnetically levitated (ML) systems that incorporate PCB coils represent a growing trend in precision machining, valued for their controllable current flow and high fill factor. The size of modern power devices is decreasing to enhance power density, minimize parasitic inductance, and reduce power losses. However, due to the high resistance of PCB coils, managing heat generation has become a significant area of study. This paper seeks to optimize PCB coil design to minimize power loss and control peak temperatures in ML systems, using a numerical model. An improved magnetic node model is employed to construct the magnetic fields of an ML system. The proposed optimization method considers the interdependencies among parameters to reduce overall power loss from coil resistance and switching losses in the H-bridge circuit, while enhancing heat dissipation efficiency in steady-state operation. A heuristic multi-objective optimization algorithm is employed to optimize the design of the ML actuator. The optimization process initially focuses on the PCB coils, with the magnet size held constant. Once the optimal coil parameters are identified, the magnet volume is optimized. By integrating a theoretical analysis with simulation, this approach effectively addresses the optimization challenges and achieves the desired performance for the ML actuator. Coils and magnets are constructed based on the optimized design and tested by the magnetic field simulation software Radia, confirming the feasibility of the approach. The method was also applied to a different type of ML system for comparison, demonstrating the universality of the proposed strategy. In this optimization effort, the maximum temperature reduction reached an impressive 50 °C Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actuators in Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control)
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34 pages, 22208 KiB  
Article
Design and Optimization of Support and Drive System for Magnetic Levitation Air Compressor for Fuel Cells
by Enhui Xing, Qi Gao, Yuanqi Dong and Wenxin Bai
Actuators 2025, 14(1), 26; https://doi.org/10.3390/act14010026 - 13 Jan 2025
Viewed by 478
Abstract
The 5-degree-of-freedom active magnetic bearings (5-DOF AMB) and high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (HPMSM) were combined and applied to energy-recovery-type air compressors for fuel cells, which gives full play to the advantages of both and meets the design requirements for air compressors in [...] Read more.
The 5-degree-of-freedom active magnetic bearings (5-DOF AMB) and high-speed permanent magnet synchronous motor (HPMSM) were combined and applied to energy-recovery-type air compressors for fuel cells, which gives full play to the advantages of both and meets the design requirements for air compressors in fuel cells. Based on the energy recovery air compressor for fuel cells with a power of 30 kW and a rated speed of 100,000 rpm, this paper combined 5-DOF AMB with HPMSM and used it as its support and drive system. Multi-physics field and multi-objective optimization were carried out by integrating the multi-physics field with the Multi-objective Grey Wolf Algorithm (MOGWO), and the feasibility of the design of the system and its reliability were verified using finite element software. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actuators in Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control)
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13 pages, 2205 KiB  
Article
Linear Model Predictive Control and Back-Propagation Controller for Single-Point Magnetic Levitation with Different Gap Levitation and Back-Propagation Offline Iteration
by Ziyu Liu and Fengshan Dou
Actuators 2024, 13(9), 331; https://doi.org/10.3390/act13090331 - 1 Sep 2024
Viewed by 857
Abstract
Magnetic suspension balance systems (MSBSs) need to allow vehicle models to levitate stably in different attitudes, so it is difficult to ensure the stable performance of the system under different levitation gaps using a controller designed with single balance point linearization. In this [...] Read more.
Magnetic suspension balance systems (MSBSs) need to allow vehicle models to levitate stably in different attitudes, so it is difficult to ensure the stable performance of the system under different levitation gaps using a controller designed with single balance point linearization. In this paper, a levitation controller based on linear model predictive control and a back-propagation neural network (LMPC-BP) is proposed and simulated for single-point magnetic levitation. The deviation of the BP network is observed and compensated by an expansion state observer (ESO). The iterative BP neural network model is further updated using current data and feedback data from the ESO, and then the performance of the LMPC-BP controller is evaluated before and after the update. The simulation results show that the LMPC-BP controller can achieve stable levitation at different gaps of the single-point magnetic levitation system. With further updating and iteration of the BP network, the controller anti-jamming performance is improved. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Actuators in Magnetic Levitation Technology and Vibration Control)
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