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First encounter with SARS-CoV-2: immune portraits of COVID susceptibility

Controlled infection with SARS-CoV-2 of people who hadn’t previously been exposed to the virus reveals how molecular and cellular signatures of the immune response portend effective defence against COVID-19.
  1. Benjamin Israelow

    1. Benjamin Israelow is in the Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA, and the Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine.

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  2. Akiko Iwasaki

    1. Akiko Iwasaki is at the Center for Infection and Immunity, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA, the Department of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine and at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland, USA.

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More than four years after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic, and the mass mobilization of the scientific community, key questions remain about why some people get infected and others don’t. What early immune responses are required to control infection, and which responses are associated with uncontrolled infection and disease? Writing in Nature, Lindeboom et al.1 tackle these queries head-on, using a controlled human infection model in which unvaccinated individuals who hadn’t previously encountered the SARS-CoV-2 virus were exposed to it. This work provides unprecedented insights into the dynamics of immune responses to exposure of the virus.

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doi: https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-024-01644-x

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Competing Interests

The authors declare no competing interests.

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