crude palm oil
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Trading activities represent the flow of market information to the investors. This paper examines the effect of trading activities, i.e., trading volume and open interest, on the volatility of return for Malaysian Crude Palm Oil Futures. The GARCH model is applied by adding the expected and unexpected elements of trading activities (trading volume and open interest) as the independent variables. The results show that there is a negative contemporaneous relationship between the expected volume and volatility, but that a positive relationship exists between unexpected volume and volatility. On the contrary, the expected and unexpected open interest mitigate the volatility. Therefore, both trading volume and open interest should be considered together when information flows into the market.

Kampar Tunggal Agrindo merupakan perusahaan yang bergerak dibidang Pabrik Kelapa Sawit berskala 15 T/H berasal dari Kabupaten Kampar mengolah buah brondolan sawit menjadi minyak mentah (crude palm oil). Perusahaan ini mengalami ketidaksesuaian standart hasil produksi yang ditetapkan oleh perusahaan, dengan standar kadar asam < 30%, kadar air <0,50%, kadar kotoran <0,030%. Maka dari itu dibutuhkan analisis menggunakan metode statistical process control. Dari 3 parameter analisis ketidaksesuaian standart produk crude palm oil (CPO), diparamater kadar asam dan kadar air ada beberapa data yang out of control yang berarti tidak terkendali dan harus dilakukan analisis lebih lanjut. Dari 3 parameter kualitas produk CPO, maka yang menjadi prioritas untuk diperbaiki adalah parameter kadar air. Akar penyebab dari tingginya kadar air (> 0,50%) adalah manusia antara lain kurangnya inspeksi pada waktu perebusan akibatnya tekanan steam uap berlebihan sehingga suhu terlalu panas akibat kurang komunikasi antara operator boiler dan perebusan. Untuk itu perlu dilakukan pengawasan SOP dari pihak kepala produksi terhadap operator, penambahan unit material handling berupa loader dan merancang checklist preventif untuk mencegah kerusakan.      

Abstract The European Union’s embargo on Indonesian crude palm oil (CPO) has resulted in excess of domestic palm oil reserves. The embargo has resulted in a build-up of domestic CPO due to the fact that the majority of Indonesia’s CPO production is exported overseas. The CPO price has dropped in recent months as a result of CPO overstock. On the other hand, as a by-product of rice production, Indonesia produces millions of tons of rice bran. The bran is treated more as waste than a resource for raw material to produce valuable products, such as bran oil. The need for lubricants in Indonesia is expected to rise as the number of cars and industries grows. As a result, some lubricant requirements must be met through importation because domestic manufacturing is insufficient. Palm oil and bran oil are both excellent candidates for conversion into biolubricants. This paper looks at the possibility of biolubricant production in Indonesia using alternate raw materials rather than petroleum-based sources. The paper begins by detailing the country’s lubricant demand, then moves on to the probable availability of biolubricant raw materials in Indonesia, and finally to the biolubricant process production method.

Asam lemak merupakan hasil hidrolisa dari minyak sawit, didalam minyak sawit terdapat berbagai macam asam lemak, tetapi didalam perhitungan asam lemak yang digunakan adalah asam palmitate. Selain proses hidrolisa, proses oksidasi juga dapat terjadi karena kenaikan asam lemak bebas. Air dapat menguap pada minyak sawit jika dipanaskan pada suhu 150oC, karena itu pemanasan perlu dilakukan untuk mengurangi pertambahan asam lemak bebas pada CPO dengan proses hidrolisa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan antara lama penyimpanan, suhu pemanasan dan persentase air didalam minyak kelapa sawit. Metode yang digunakan yaitu persiapan bahan baku dan tahap pengujian. Untuk hasil dalam analisa asam lemak bebas dan kadar air yang paling bagus yaitu waktu penyimpanan selama 8 jam pada suhu 60oC dengan nilai asam lemak bebas (ALB) yaitu 2,5% dan kadar airnya dengan nilai 0,38%. Hasil analisa yang dihasilkan persentase air sangat berpengaruh besar dalam kenaikan asam lemak bebas (ALB) dibandingkan dengan suhu pemanasan dalam minyak kelapa sawit. Diharapkan untuk penelitian selanjutnya dapat dilakukan variasi waktu pemanasan agar memperoleh hasil yang sesuai dengan standar mutu.

Pertamina and Eni faced double strike problems. The Italian government did not grant the license for building Indonesian crude palm oil (CPO) based green finery to Eni-Pertamina as most Indonesian CPO producers do not possess RSPO certificates and the EU restricts the use of CPO. The policies resulted in opportunities loss for Pertamina and Eni in 2019. This qualitative paper examined the logical reasons behind the Italian government decision by two levels of analysis, domestic and regional locus. The finding shows that domestically, political circumstances among parties and figures, other than CPO commodities farmers, played a significant role in the cancellation. The historical instability in Italy domestic political situation also brought it closer to revocation. On another level, the ups and downs of Italy-the EU relations before and during Conte I and Conte II government were a regional reason behind it.

Productivity is an alternative to evaluating the performance that has been done even one of the most effective ways in assessing the efficiency of using several inputs in producing certain outputs. the study was conducted at PT Johan Sentosa. The company is engaged in processing palm oil into CPO (crude palm oil) and kernels. In this case, the company must replace an important process called the sterilizer system from the horizontal sterilizer to the vertical sterilizer. This change will certainly have an impact on company productivity. In this study, the method used is Marvin E Mundel where partial productivity will be identified in the form of depreciation value index, material, labor, energy, and maintenance, and know the total production value index. The results of this study obtained a partial productivity index on the declining workforce, other partial productivity such as depreciation, material, labor, energy, and maintenance have increased while the index value of total productivity increased after a change in the sterilizer system.

Luas lahan kelapa sawit di Indonesia pada tahun 2020 adalah 14.858.300 Ha, sedangkan di Kalimantan Timur mencapai 1.378.136 Ha. Produk sawit yang cukup banyak dijumpai adalah Crude Palm Oil (CPO) memiliki ciri bewarna merah-kekuningant. CPO mempunyai sifat membeku pada suhu kamar dan mencair jika dipanaskan pada suhu di atas 65°C, jika didiamkan akan terbentuk dua lapisan yakni lapisan minyak (olein) dan lapisan padat (stearin). Lapisan minyak (olein) biasanya berwarna merah, lapisan stearin berwarna kuning yang keduanya mengidikasikan memiliki kandungan nutrisi tertentu salah satunya adalah beta karoten. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kadar air dan beta karoten fraksi olein CPO yang dihasilkan melalui pemanasan vakum. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua tahap, yaitu pertama persiapan alat dan bahan yang akan digunakan kemudian tahap kedua adalah pemisahanan fraksi olein minyak sawit (CPO) dengan 3 perlakuan suhu rotary evapotar vakum yaitu suhu 60°C, 70°C dan 75°C. Masing-masing perlakuan diulang sebanyak 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati meliputi kadar air dan kandungan beta karoten fraksi olein CPO. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah P2 (pemanasan pada suhu 70°C) merupakan perlakuan yang terbaik dengan rata-rata kadar air 0,054% dan rata-rata betakarotennya 592,00 ppm.

Objektif. Buah sawit atau Elaeis merupakan tumbuhan produksi sebagai bahan baku produksi minyak masak, minyak industri dan bahan bakar. Pada satu dekade terakhir ini permintaan pasar terhadap produksi buah kelapa sawit terus meningkat. Produksi minyak kelapa sawit yang baik di Indonesia tidak terlepas dari proses produksi yang telah memenuhi standar mutu produksi minyak kelapa sawit dunia. Perkembangan yang baik ini tentu membuat masyarakat umum ingin tahu bagaimana proses produksi buah kelapa sawit menjadi Crude Palm Oil (CPO). Salah satu media yang bisa digunakan untuk menyampaikan informasi dan edukasi mengenai proses produksi buah kelapa sawit menjadi CPO adalah dengan menggunakan Media Interaktif yang mudah diakses oleh masyarakat pada umumnya. Material dan Metode. Media interaktif ini dibuat dengan menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6 dan metode penelitian yang digunakan pada pembutan media interaktif ini adalah MDLC (Multimedia Devlopment Life Cycle) yang terdiri 6 tahapan dimulai dari pengonsepan, perancangan, pengumpulan bahan, pembuatan, percobaan dan diakhiri dengan pendistribusian. Hasil.  Media interaktif ini terdiri dari 5 scene, 5.379 frame dengan total durasi keseluruhan adalah 268 Detik. Kesimpulan. Media Interaktif Alur Pengolahan Kelapa Sawit Menjadi CPO telah berhasil dibuat menggunakan Adobe Flash CS6, sebagai media informasi dan edukasi kepada masyarakat umum mengenai alur proses pengolahan kelapa sawit menjadi CPO dan hasil eksport data dengan output Shockwave Flash Object (SWF).

The content of active compounds in methanol extract of kesambi stem bark (Scheleicera oleosa) is known to have good antioxidant activity. Methanol extract of kesambi stem bark contain flavonoid and fenolic compounds. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the methanol extract of kesambi in inhibiting the oxidation of crude palm oil (CPO). In this study, the extraction of kesambi stem bark was carried out with methanol solvent. Antioxidant activity test of methanol extract of kesambi using the DPPH method. The parameters observed were free fatty acids (FFA) values, acids value, and DOBI (Deterioration of Bleachability Index). The used concentration of natural antioxidant were 200; 400; 600; 800 and 1000 ppm. Based on the results of this study, the natural antioxidant of methanol extract of Kesambi stem bark (Schleichera oleosa) can reduce levels of free fatty acid numbers, acid value, and DOBI value. Actioxidant activity methanol extract of kesambi stem bark shown IC50 42.092 ppm. The lowest FFA levels and acid numbers were obtained from samples with addition of 1000 ppm natural antioxidants with free fatty acid (4.1%), acid value (7.7 mg KOH/g) while the DOBI value increased to 1.331. Furthermore, FFA value meets the CPO quality standard, according to SNI-01-2901-2006.

Vegetable oil as an alternative fuel for diesel engine has attracted much attention all over the world, and it is also expected to achieve the goal of global carbon neutrality in the future. Although the product after transesterification, biodiesel, can greatly reduce the viscosity compared with vegetable oil, the high production cost is one of the reasons for restricting its extensive development. In addition, based on the current research on biodiesel in diesel engines, it has been almost thoroughly investigated. Therefore, in this study, crude palm oil (CPO) was directly used as an alternative fuel to be blended with commercial diesel. The combustion, engine performance and emissions were investigated on a 4-cylinder, turbocharged, common rail direct injection (CRDI) diesel engine fueled with different diesel-CPO blends according to various engine loads. The results show that adding CPO to diesel reduces the maximum in-cylinder pressure and maximum heat release rate to 30 Nm and 60 Nm. The most noteworthy finding is that the blend fuels reduce the emissions of hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke, simultaneously. On the whole, diesel fuel blended with 30% CPO by volume is the best mixing ratio based on engine performance and emission characteristics.