root canal filling
Recently Published Documents

Bacterial persistence has been reported to play critical roles in endodontic treatment failure, which attribute to deficient root canal filling and inadequate chemomechanical preparation. The persistence of bacteria to the different eradication approaches during endodontic treatment has been an area of interest in the field of dentistry due to the different roles by which these bacteria might impact endodontic treatment and can even lead to treatment failure. The present investigation provides evidence regarding the persistence of bacteria and its role in the failure of endodontic treatment. At first, we provided an overview of the potential role that bacterial infections might play in endodontic treatment and how the outcomes can be potentially impacted. Then, we discussed the virulence factors that help the different organisms to persist against the different eradication approaches, which can finally lead to the development of endodontic treatment failure. Our findings show that E. faecalis is the most prevalent bacteria causing endodontic treatment failure. However, many studies have reported that other bacteria and pathogens might also be prevalent and exceed the rate of E. faecalis. This indicates the importance of detecting appropriate biofilms to adequately eradicate the underlying pathogens and enhance the treatment and prognostic outcomes.

Background. This study aimed to examine the retreatment efficiency of four NiTi rotary file systems with micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods. Forty premolar teeth were shaped up to F2 using the ProTaper Universal rotary file system and obturated with MTA Fillapex. The root canals were scanned with micro-CT to evaluate the volume of root canal filling before retreatment. The samples were randomly divided into four groups according to the file system used to remove root canal filling material (n=10): ProTaper Universal Retreatment, ProTaper NEXT, EdgeFile XR, and EdgeFile® X3 NiTi system. All the samples were scanned with a micro-CT device for the second time to evaluate the amount of residual filling material in the root canals. The percentages of filling material removed from root canals were calculated. Additionally, the time spent on the removal of the root canal filling material was recorded. The data were analyzed using the Shapiro-Wilk and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results. There were no significant differences between the groups in the percentage of root canal filling material removal. However, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups in the time required to reach the apex and remove the entire filling material. The time required to remove the root canal filling material was higher in the EdgeFile® X3 group. Conclusion. NiTi files manufactured for root canal preparation can be used effectively and safely to remove root canal filling materials. EdgeFile XR produced for retreatment can be used as an alternative to ProTaper Universal Retreatment files.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the technical quality of root canal treatment performed by fifth-year underperforming students, in the extra sessions of the 2018–2019 academic year. Methods: Periapical radiographs of teeth endodontically treated by underperforming undergraduate students at King Abdulaziz University Faculty of Dentistry, were collected. The quality of obturation was evaluated radiographically in relation to the length of obturation to root apex, homogeneity and density of obturation, root canal tapering, and incidence of mishaps (such as perforation, ledge, missed canal, separated instruments). The data were subjected to descriptive analysis. Results: The periapical radiographs of 70 treated teeth showed acceptable length, filling density and root canal taper in 96 (80%),50 (41.7%) and 66 (55%) root canals, respectively. Only four teeth were subjected to mishaps. Conclusion: Under the circumstances of this study, the quality of endodontic treatment performed by underperforming students at the extra session was low. More studies are needed to address the student underperformance source and hence amend the quality of root canal filling. 

An endo-perio lesion is one of the more common tooth-related problems. An association between the presence of apical and marginal periodontitis is known in the literature and has been observed in 5.7% of individuals aged 40–45 years old. The purpose of the present article is to present three case reports describing the successful retreatment of endo-perio lesions. In each of these cases, we used a biologically active bioceramic root canal sealer, GuttaFlow Bioseal, which is a bioactive root canal filling material composed of gutta percha, polydimethylsiloxane, platinum catalyzer, zirconium dioxide, and bioglass. All cases were followed up clinically and radiographically for a period of at least 11 months.

Abstract Background Successful endodontic therapy requires prevention of bacterial leakage between the root canal filing and root-canal walls. Sealing quality of a root canal filling depends strongly on the sealing ability of the sealer used. The present study aimed to evaluate the bacterial leakage resistance of AH Plus sealer modified with silver nanoparticles. Methods Forty sound teeth were obturated using lateral compaction technique except for five teeth as the negative controls. After considering five teeth as the positive controls (filled without sealer), the remaining teeth were assigned to two groups (n = 15) in terms of the sealer used (AH Plus sealer and silver nanoparticle-modified AH Plus). Bacterial leakage was evaluated in saliva using the two-chamber technique in every 24 h. When all the samples in the test groups were contaminated, the study was terminated. The data were analyzed with log-rank statistical test. Results All samples in both experimental groups were contaminated during the 3-months period of observation. There was no significant difference in contamination time between study groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions Silver nanoparticles used in tested concentration did not improve the bacterial leakage resistance of AH Plus sealer.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of reciprocating instruments in the removal of bioceramic and epoxy resin-based sealers using micro-CT analysis. Root canals of 40 extracted human teeth were instrumented with a size R25 Reciproc instrument. Specimens were randomly divided into two groups (n = 20) according to the root canal filling material. In the first group, root canals were obturated with AH Plus sealer and Reciproc R25 gutta-percha. In the second group, a combination of bioceramic gutta-percha (TotalFill BC) and bioceramic sealer (TotalFill BC) was used. After one week, the retreatment of all specimens was performed using Reciproc instruments. To analyze the differences in the filling remnants, specimens were scanned in a micro-CT device after obturation and after the retreatment procedure. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann–Whitney U test (p < 0.05). A combination of bioceramic sealer and bioceramic gutta-percha was more effectively removed from canals using a reciprocating instrument, with a filling remnants volume of 4.01 ± 3.13 mm3, in comparison to the combination of epoxy resin-based sealer and gutta-percha (6.96 ± 2.70 mm3) (p < 0.05). A reciprocating instrument was more effective in removing bioceramic sealers than epoxy resin-based sealers, although none of the root canal filling materials were completely removed from the root canals.

Inadequate treatment of endodontic infections in primary teeth results in a loss of &#1072; deciduous tooth or abnormality in the development of hard dental tissues of the permanent successor. The main goal is to maintain the integrity and health of the primary tooth until their physiological exfoliation. The success of the endodontic treatment depends on the antimicrobial activity of the root canal filling material that contributes to the elimination or reduction of the microbial infection of the root canal system. The aim of this article is to systematically review the contemporary scientific literature concerning the root canal filling materials used in primary teeth. A critical evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the investigated materials, has been made. Knowledge of the composition and characteristics of the available obturating materials is a useful advantage to dentists to address the functional problems associated with endodontic infections in very young patients. Future studies should also seek and compare the long-term effects of the use of traditional and alternative intracanal materials.

The present study evaluated the effect of ultrasonic agitation on the porosity distribution of BioRoot RCS/single gutta-percha cone (BR/SC) and MTA Flow (MF) root canals fillings used as apical plugs in moderately curved and apically perforated roots. Eighty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were enlarged up to ProTaper NEXT X5 rotary instrument 2 mm beyond the apical foramen, simulating apical perforations. Specimens were randomly divided into four experimental groups (20 canals per group) according to the material and technique used for root canal obturation: BR/SC, BR/SC with ultrasonic agitation (BR/SC-UA), MF and MF with ultrasonic agitation (MF-UA). The ultrasonic tip was passively inserted into the root canal after the injection of flowable cement and activated for 10 s. The specimens were scanned before and after obturation with a high-resolution micro-computed tomography scanner, and the porosity of the apical plugs was assessed. The differences between groups were analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, with the significance level set at 5%. None of the obturation materials and techniques used in this study was able to provide a pore-free root canal filling in the apical 5 mm. Considerably higher percentages of open and closed pores were observed in the MF and MF-UA groups, with the highest porosity being in the MF-UA group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed between the BR/SC and BR/SC-UA groups, where the quantity of open and closed pores remained similar (p > 0.05).