intensive education
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Coffee is a superior commodity in Temanggung Regency. Post-harvest processing affects the quality of a coffee product. The Robusta Temanggung Coffee Geographical Indication Standard governs the standard of processing. This research aims to analyze the attitude of robusta coffee farmers towards GIs based coffee processing standards. The study uses a descriptive method. The respondents were 80 robusta coffee farmers in Temanggung Regency. Questionnaires are structured using a Likert scale. The data collection using random sampling techniques.  The data analysis using the scoring method. The results showed that farmers had a good attitude towards GIs-based coffee processing standards, agreeing to GIs based sorting, drying, and storage processes. Farmers have not been motivated to measure coffee bean water content according to GIs standards due to facility constraints. Intensive education, motivation, facilities, and mentoring are required for farmers to implement GIs-based coffee processing standards.

Purpose: The study determined the methods of solid waste disposal in the municipality, in relation with awareness and compliance with dumping on approved locations. Methodology: The study adopted simple and purposive sampling techniques to select households and respondents. The target respondents for the study were, planning and Environmental offices, chiefs and opinion leaders, and heads of households. Data were analyzed using a regression model to determine the influencing factors of the disposal options, whiles also evaluating compliance with the disposal on approved lands. Findings: The research found out that; open dumping in the neighborhood, (83.33%), was the main disposal option of the municipality, also, there was a significant relationship between; awareness of approved dumping sites and compliance with dumping on approved sites, distance to the waste disposal sites affected the disposal on approved sites, and lack of knowledge on by-laws on waste management also affected the choice of disposal option.  The research concluded that open dumping of waste is mainly driven by low awareness of approved disposal sites and the absence of recycling alternatives. The unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended the need for the provision of more communal containers and waste bins by government and sector players on waste management in the district; intensive education on bye-laws, emphasizing on the significance of dumping waste on approved sites is a welcoming intervention.

Abstract Background Hyperphosphatemia is a common complication in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Patients’ adherence to phosphorus control can be improved by consistent education. However, few studies have focused on the model construction and effects of health education on phosphate control for hemodialysis patients. Objective To develop an intensive education program focusing on phosphate control among hemodialysis patients and to analyze the effectiveness of this program. Design A non-randomized, single-arm, single-center trial lasting for 6 months. Setting This program was conducted in a hemodialysis center in a teaching hospital in Zhuhai, China. Participants Patients on maintenance hemodialysis with hyperphosphatemia. Methods An intensive hyperphosphatemia control education program lasting for 6 months was conducted among 366 hemodialysis patients applying the First Principles of Instruction model, which focused on mastering four stages: (a) activation of prior experience, (b) demonstration of skills, (c) application of skills and (d) integration of these skills into real-world activities. The controlled percentage of serum phosphorus, knowledge of hyperphosphatemia, and adherence to phosphate binders before and after the education program were assessed. Results The proportion of controlled serum phosphorus was significantly increased from 43.5 to 54.9% (P<0.001). The scores on the knowledge of phosphate control were improved significantly from 59.0 ± 18.9 to 80.6 ± 12.4 (P < 0.001). The proportion of high adherence to phosphate binders was increased dramatically from 21.9 to 44.5% (P < 0.001). Conclusion The intensive education program can effectively improve serum phosphorus, knowledge of hyperphosphatemia, and adherence to phosphate binders among hemodialysis patients. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100042017. Retrospectively registered January 12th, 2021.

Abstract Purpose E-scooters are a new type of urban transportation utilized in Germany since June 2019, primarily in larger cities in the context of sharing offers. Such electrically operated standing scooters can be driven at a maximum speed of 20 km/h. A helmet is not mandatory. The aim of this prospective study is to document the injury patterns over the period of 1 year and compare our findings with already available data. Methods Over a period of 1 year (July 2019–July 2020), data on E-scooter-related accidents treated at a level 1 trauma center of a major German city were prospectively documented. Injury patterns were analyzed, and epidemiological data evaluated. Results Fifty-nine (35 female, 24 male) accidents were included in the observation period. Mean age of accident victims was 30.03 years (± 9.32). Alcohol influence at the time of accident was detected in 9 cases (15.25%). Many of the accident victims suffered multiple injuries. Most of the injuries were upper (50.84%) and lower extremity (47.45%) as well as craniofacial injuries (62.71%). A helmet was not worn in any of the cases. Conclusion In the year following their introduction, E-scooter-related accidents have led to an additional burden on the emergency capacities of the involved University Hospital, especially in the summer months of 2019. Protective equipment is de facto not worn. Injuries to the extremities, head, and face were most common. None of the accident victims died. This coincides with results from other major cities in national and international comparison. A more intensive education about injury consequences of unprotected E-scooter use and the discussion of a possible obligation to wear a helmet and further protection equipment for the extremities should take place.

This article examines smallholder women farmers’ awareness of climatic factors and the adaptation strategies to climate change events and how they influence their farming methods. A household survey was conducted on 50 smallholder women farmers at Akropong in the Nkoranza South Municipality in the forest-savannah transition zone of Ghana. The survey was complemented with in-depth and semi-structured interviews. The findings revealed that women farmers use multiple adaptation strategies such as creating fire belts to prevent fire outbreak in the dry season, creating channels on their farmland to prevent erosion, planting crops that can withstand excessive rain and drought and mixed cropping to overcome livelihood challenges resulting from climatic factors. The article therefore argues for an in-depth research and intensive education as a targeted intervention in understanding climate change and training women smallholder farmers on adaptation strategies to overcome climatic elements affecting farming and food production which serve as their main livelihood.

Abstract Background: At present, there are few studies on individualized dietary guidance and exercise intervention for perimenopausal women. The purpose of this article is to explore the effects of centralized health education, health education + individualized diet guidance, and health education + individualized diet guidance + intensive resistance exercise on the physical measurements of perimenopausal women. Design: 78 perimenopausal women divided into three groups: Group A, Group B and Group C. Participants: Group A received routine gynecological diagnosis and treatment and participated in centralized lifestyle health education. Group B required to participate in all intensive education content, professional dietitians to give individualized dietary guidance. Group C received intensive education, individualized diet intervention, and intensified resistance exercise. Main Measures: Dietary scores, exercise habits, waist circumference, body mass index, fat and muscle mass were observed after 3 months. Results: After intervention, the total diet score of group C was higher than that of group A and B, and the red meat score was significantly reduced. The number of patients in group B and group C who exercised >3 times per week and the number of resistance exercises per week were significantly increased, while the number of aerobic exercises per week in group C was significantly increased. Comparison of the changes of body measurement indexes after the three different interventions showed that body fat and waist circumference were significantly reduced, and skeletal muscle weight was significantly increased; body mass index, trunk fat ratio and waist to hip ratio were significantly decreased in group B and C, while trunk muscle was significantly increased in group C. Conclusion: The combined intervention of the three methods can give full play to the synergistic effect of various interventions, and the improvement effect of increasing the appropriate amount of resistance exercise is more obvious, which is worthy of further promotion and application. Retrospectively registered: researchregistry6331, date of registration : December 4, 2020.

BACKGROUND: Although using forklifts in industrial sites contributes to productivity, many workers have been injured or killed owing to industrial accidents caused by forklifts. OBJECTIVE: This study analyzed the characteristics of forklift accidents by employment type and work process, thereby identifying the factors contributing to industrial accidents and providing recommendations to prevent accidents. METHODS: Data on 1,061 industrial forklift accidents occurring in 2018 collected from the national injury insurance compensation database were analyzed. In addition to analyzing the accident characteristics, this study performed a risk assessment per forklift work process. RESULTS: Many accidents were associated with older workers, those employed for <  6 months, and workplaces with ≤49 workers. The risk was the highest for accidents involving caught-in objects in the loading/unloading step and collision accidents in the forward- and backward-driving steps. CONCLUSIONS: Measures are needed to prevent industrial forklift accidents. First, forklift and worker movement routes must be strictly separated or controlled by a work supervisor. It is necessary to secure a time margin for workers to avoid collapsing cargo by using an appropriate tool/jig during loading/unloading. Second, guidance, inspection, and support are needed to promote employers’ safety and health awareness in workplaces with <  50 workers. Lastly, intensive education and training concerning health and safety is required for workers with less than six months of experience.

Abstract Background: Hyperphosphatemia is a common complication in patients on maintenance hemodialysis. Patients’ adherence to phosphorus control can be improved by consistent education. However, few studies have focused on the model construction and effects of health education on phosphate control for hemodialysis patients.Objective: To develop an intensive education program focusing on phosphate control among hemodialysis patients and to analyze the effectiveness of this program.Design: A non-randomized, single-arm, single-center trial lasting for 6 months.Setting: This program was conducted in a hemodialysis center in a teaching hospital in Zhuhai, China.Participants: Patients on maintenance hemodialysis with hyperphosphatemia.Methods: A intensive hyperphosphatemia control education program lasting for 6 months was conducted among 366 hemodialysis patients applying the First Principles of Instruction model, which focused on mastering four stages: (a) activation of prior experience, (b) demonstration of skills, (c) application of skills and (d) integration of these skills into real-world activities. The controlled rate of serum phosphorus, knowledge of hyperphosphatemia, and adherence to phosphate binders before and after the education program were assessed. Results: The controlled rate of serum phosphorus was significantly increased from 43.5% to 54.9% (P＜0.001). The scores of the patients’ knowledge of phosphate control were improved significantly from 59.10±12.90 to 80.98±14.82 (P<0.001). The percentage of high adherence to phosphate binders was increased dramatically from 21.9% to 44.5% (P<0.001). Conclusion: The intensive education program can effectively improve the controlled rate of serum phosphorus, knowledge of hyperphosphatemia, and adherence to phosphate binders among hemodialysis patients.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2100042017. Registered 12 January 2021 - Retrospectively registered, http://www.chictr.org.cn/login.aspx