electronic signature
Recently Published Documents

Abstract: In this paper we attempt to explain and establish certain frameworks that can be assessed for implementing security systems against cyber-threats and cyber-criminals. We give a brief overview of electronic signature generation procedures which include its validation and efficiency for promoting cyber security for confidential documents and information stored in the cloud. We strictly avoid the mathematical modelling of the electronic signature generation process as it is beyond the scope of this paper, instead we take a theoretical approach to explain the procedures. We also model the threats posed by a malicious hacker seeking to induce disturbances in the functioning of a power transmission grid via the means of cyber-physical networks and systems. We use the strategy of a load redistribution attack, while clearly acknowledging that the hacker would form its decision policy on inadequate information. Our research indicate that inaccurate admittance values often cause moderately invasive cyber-attacks that still compromise the grid security, while inadequate capacity values result in comparatively less efficient attacks. In the end we propose a security framework for the security systems utilised by companies and corporations at global scale to conduct cyber-security related operations. Keywords: Electronic signature, Key pair, sequence modelling, hacker, power transmission grid, Threat response, framework.

In this last 2021 issue, five articles are published concerning different aspects of homeopathic research, from a review of clinical studies on Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome and the therapeutic potential of homeopathy to treat these cases (Dewan et al., 2021) to a detailed systematic analysis of nanoparticles suspended in homeopathic preparations (Van Wassenhoven et al., 2021). In between, some interesting reports can also be found, as a case report about the successful treatment of a rectum prolapse in a kitten in a period of a few days with no need of surgery (Makker and Arora, 2021); an opinion article (update article) reported the necessity to develop clinical studies on homeoprofilaxy of Covid-19 in which the key aspects of immunocompetence could be evaluated, such as the serum levels of cytokines, mainly those related to the systemic inflammatory syndrome such as IL-6, and of neutralizing IgG and IgM (Patil, 2021); and an original article about the physicochemical properties of a Covid-19 nosode, in which different patterns were described using spectrophotometric methods, resulting in an electronic signature of each potency (Kumar Singh et al., 2021).   Enjoy the reading and happy 2022 for us all!   IJHDR Editorial Team

The documentary aspect of information interaction of the laboratory for testing of wheeled vehicles is analyzed. The main components of information interaction are identified, which are information infrastructure, information resources and information security. The automated information system used in the activities of the laboratory for testing wheeled vehicles, as well as the main types of documents created and used by the laboratory are described. The subjects of information interaction of the laboratory with which information is exchanged, including documents, have been identified. The documentation of the management system of the training-research-production motor transport laboratory has been systematized. The main traditional and electronic information resources used in the activities of the training-research-production motor transport laboratory are determined. Measures to ensure the protection of information are described, which consist in the use of a qualified electronic signature for identification in an automated information system, as well as for the signing of electronic documents.

Sistem tanda tangan digital telah banyak dimanfaatkan terutama untuk kegiatan persetujuan dokumen selama pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor dari dimensi sustainability yang mempengaruhi keberlanjutan dalam menggunakan sistem tanda tangan digital berdasarkan metode pendekatan AHP. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode AHP karena metode ini mampu menyelesaikan persoalan dalam suatu kerangka berpikir yang terorganisir sehingga dapat mengambil keputusan secara efektif dan akurat terhadap suatu persoalan dalam penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sub-kriteria continuous improvement dari dimensi ekonomi menjadi prioritas utama yang menjadi penunjang dalam keberlanjutan bisnis penyedia tanda tangan digital. Selanjutnya, melakukan analisis pemilihan platform tanda tangan digital antara PrivyID, DigiSign, dan Manual Input. Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan terhadap tiga alternatif menghasilkan platform DigiSign yang paling unggul dibandingkan dengan platform PrivyID dan Manual Input. Hasil tersebut sejalan dengan komitmen dari platform DigiSign yang memberikan kemudahan bagi pengguna agar dapat memeriksa dokumen yang tertunda dengan cepat, menandatangani dokumen dengan tingkat keamanan yang tinggi dan enkripsi berstandar Internasional, serta dapat melacak status dokumen dengan mudah. Sedangkan tanda tangan elektronik yang dilakukan dengan cara Manual Input memiliki kelemahan yang sangat kritikal, dimana tanda tangan elektronik tersebut tidak terenkripsi sehingga tidak mampu untuk melindungi dokumen dari pencurian data identitas atau entitas perusahaan oleh pihak yang tidak bertanggung jawab. Abstract             The digital signature system has been widely used, especially for document approval activities during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. This study aims to determine the factors of the sustainability dimension that affect sustainability in using a digital signature system based on the AHP approach. This study uses the AHP method because this method is able to solve problems in an organized framework so that it can take a decisions effectively and accurately on a research problem. The results of this study indicate that the sub-criteria for continuous improvement from the economic dimension is the main priority that supports the sustainability of the digital signature provider business. Furthermore, analyze the selection of digital signature platforms between PrivyID, DigiSign, and Manual Input. Based on the results of the calculation of the three alternatives, the DigiSign platform is the most superior compared to the PrivyID platform and Manual Input. This results are in line with the commitment of the DigiSign platform which makes it easy for users to quickly check pending documents, sign the documents with a high level of security and International standard encryption, and easy to tracking the document status. Meanwhile, electronic signatures made by Manual Input have a very critical weakness, where the electronic signature is not encrypted so it is unable to protect documents from theft of identity data or corporate entities by irresponsible parties.

Abstract The aim of the article is to present the legal provisions used to identify taxpayers (and similarly other entities) using electronic communication in the times of COVID-19, in the light of the construction of public ICT systems for submitting declarations and applications. The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the IT transformation, including the benefits of switching to digital tools, unless the legislator had already imposed an obligation to use electronic communication. For tax purposes, the range of possible signatures has not been limited to a qualified electronic signature, a trusted signature, a personal signature, and possibly a simple identity verification mechanism using an account in an ICT system secured only with a password. It is often used to sign the so-called “authorization data” (“tax data”). The new facilitations in the field of creating a trusted profile should translate into the popularization of the trusted signature, especially as there are more and more non-tax online services provided by public entities.

We analyzed the capabilities of Electronic Signature Administrators (ESA) in reporting adverse and serious adverse events (AE/SAE) in clinical trials to improve Principal Investigator (PI) oversight. The current and most conventional way to sing on AE/SAE reports, by wet ink paper signatures, faces long report completion times, miscommunications, and a high rate of error that can put the study and the patient at risk. We demonstrate here that ESAs can easily take over this task, speeding up the process and enhancing patient's safety and research compliance. Our results show that the average of 31 days to obtain wet-signatures on AE/SAE reports is reduced to merely 3 days after the implementation of ESA. We also found that research professionals spend more than half an hour in commuting each time they need to get PI signatures, while this time is zero if ESAs are used. Finally, an anonymous survey distributed to coordinators shows that ESAs can be well received when implemented since 86% have used an ESA and are satisfied with it or are interested in using it, while only 14% of the participants are either not interested or not satisfied.

ABSTRACTOne form of the Industrial Revolution 4.0 that we can recognize in everyday life is electronic commerce, namely the use of communication networks and computers to carry out business processes that are agreed upon and carried out by the parties and set forth in electronic agreements/contracts. The electronic agreement/contract is carried out on the basis of trust obtained by providing legal recognition of electronic written form in the form of an electronic signature. If there is a broken promise/default by one of the parties entering into an electronic agreement/contract with electronic document evidence signed with electronic signature as evidence, then it must be known carefully the strength of the evidence of electronic agreement on the electronic document and the method of settling the civil dispute.This study aimed to examine and analyze the strength of the evidence of electronic agreements on authentic deeds and patterns of settlement of civil case disputes submitted by the parties with evidence in the form of electronic agreements. The study used a normative juridical method with legal and conceptual approaches and primary and secondary sources of legal material.From the results of the study it can be concluded that the strength of proof of electronic documents signed with electronic signatures is contrary to the strength of proof of authentic deeds made by or in front of public officials in charge where the deed was made or by the authorized public official. In addition, related to the recognition of electronic documents in the judicial system, there is a void in procedural law because it does not regulate electronic documents as evidence but rather electronic documents in the form of decisions or indictments as appeals for cassation requests and reconsideration.Keywords: Electronic Agreement, Electronic Signature, Authentic Deed, Evidence

Abstract Post-quantum cryptography is becoming an increasingly popular topic for research around the world. The global cryptographic community is on the verge of standardizing new post-quantum algorithms. The world’s largest organizations conduct their own research in this direction. In this article, two hybrid schemes are proposed. They are constructed on generalized methods of increasing resistance of authentication schemes. Hybrid schemes consist of a combination of two independent signature schemes, one of which is the well-known classical asymmetric electronic signature scheme and another one is post-quantum scheme. Thus, this paper suggests the combining Crystals-Dilithium scheme with Rabin scheme and Elgamal scheme respectively. The paper also provides estimates of public key and signature lengths. Conclusions are drawn about the expediency of using generalized methods of combining with such kind of schemes.

The design, development, and implementation of e-Government applications aim to improve the quality of daily life and facilitate the mobility of citizens by reducing the constraints imposed by existing borders. This study examines previous research in the literature on electronic identification (eID) credentials technologies and the projects carried out in Europe. This study focuses especially on server-based e-signing methods. In the light of these reviews, the applicability of a server-based mobile electronic signature model without disrupting local initiatives has been examined as a case study. As an exemplary case, Turkey’s eID structure is examined from a technical and legal perspective. When creating the proposed server-based eID model, it was especially inspired by Austria’s server-based approach in use. In this process, the suitability of the existing structure with the server-based e-signing method was examined. In addition, some suggestions were made to eliminate the problems that may prevent the use of the proposed server-based e-signing method. This study revealed that a server-based electronic signature approach would develop a more user-friendly and flexible solution in identity management. It was concluded that using a server-based signature approach would help achieve international standards for cross-border online identification methods.

Abstract BackgroundConsidering evidence on competency-based curriculum and the benefits of volunteering, this study highlights new ideas to improve medical education during the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigated the motivations and perceptions on competencies developed as leadership and management skills in medical students who joined COVID-19 Volunteering Program in a brazilian medical school.MethodsWe performed a cross-sectional, quantitative and qualitative study involving medical students from the University of Sao Paulo (USP)/Brazil. They were invited to participate in an institutional Volunteering Program during the pandemic, and filled online application forms, including sociodemographic fields and two open-ended questions about motivation to volunteer and perceptions on their own competencies. At the end of the Program, students who were involved in management-related activities were also invited to participate in focus group interviews to track their perceptions about volunteering in this area. Data were submitted to descriptive and content analysis methods. All participants provided informed consent through electronic signature.Results286 medical students have subscribed to the Volunteering Program: 171 (60%) were men, 152 (53%) were enrolled in 5th year and 158 (55%) were 23-25 years old. One-hundred and twelve (44%) students volunteered motivated by altruistic reasons, 95 (37%) reported duty and 47 (19%) prioritized academic interests. Concerning CanMEDS competencies, 91 (36%) students’ responses matched with the Scholar component, followed by 51 (20%) with Collaborator, 49 (20%) with Professional, 32 (13%) with Communicator, 17 (7%) with Leader and 11 (4%) with Health Advocate. In focus groups, students reported the importance of management and leadership skills as a curricular component, motivations to volunteer, the acquired skills from volunteering in management and leadership-related activities, highlighting the development of resilient attitude.ConclusionsStudents who participated in the FMUSP Volunteering Program reported being motivated to help others (altruistic reasons) and to serve society as future health professionals (duty). Knowledge and work-related competencies prevailed over leadership or soft skills, emphasizing the importance of including such activities in curriculum. Participating in management-related activities could help develop a more resilient attitude towards medical training.Take home messagesVolunteering programs offer students opportunities to develop essential competencies for the future health professional. Thus, we should think about including such activities in curricular structure.