electronic components
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Over the years, the overdependence on Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) for data transmission necessitated the need for an alternate and more reliable means of communication, hence, Light Fidelity (Li-Fi). It involves the use of Light Emitting Diode to transmit data by blinking (i.e. switching them on and off) at a speed not noticeable to the eye. This paper proposed the development of the Li-Fi system using off the shelf electronic components. This would make the system an indispensable means of communication in the nearest future. This data transmission system is different from those in existence because expensive components were not in the design, invariably reducing the overall cost of the implementation. Keywords: Light Fidelity (Li-Fi), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) Optical communication, Telecommunication

The position identification of SMD electronic components mainly uses Canny edge detection algorithm to detect the edges of specific elements, benefited from its computational simplicity. The traditional Canny algorithm lacks the adaptability in gradient calculation and double thresholds selection, which may affect the location and identification accuracy of specific elements in electronic components. In this paper, an improved canny edge detection algorithm is proposed. The gradient magnitude is calculated in four directions, i.e., horizontal, vertical, and diagonal. Both the high and low thresholds can be adaptively determined based on the grayscale distribution information, to increase the adaptability of edge identification. The experimental results show that the proposed method can better locate the true edges of specific elements in electronic components with a reasonable processing speed, compared with the traditional Canny algorithm, and has been successfully applied on practical real-time vision inspection on SMD electronic components.

Abstract This study investigates the possibility of hydrogen migration in BaTiO3-based dielectrics to improve the electrical reliability of multi-layer ceramic capacitors under conditions of high temperature, humidity, and electric field bias. It was observed that the deuterium in the dielectric drifted and migrated with the electric field, suggesting that deuterium exists as D+. The activation energy was found to be 0.34 eV, which is lower than that observed in previous studies. This finding offers a better understanding of the mechanism behind the migration of deuterium in a dielectric, which is highly relevant to future research in dielectrics and electronic components.

Using the methods of X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy, the structure of composite films based on chitosan and single-wall carbon tubes has been studied. It is shown that the introduction of carbon nanotubes leads to the ordering of the chitosan structure. Increase in concentration of nanotubes (from 0 to 3%) causes rise in the value of storage modulus from 3 to 4 GPa (DMA data), increase in electrical conductivity of samples (from 10-11 to 102 S/m), and some changes in their dielectric permittivity (from 5.5. to 26 at an electrical field frequency of 1kHz). Data on the ionic and electronic components of the conductivity of the composite film are presented.

The desire for close human contact with electronic components for portable sensing, energy harvesting, and healthcare has sparked massive advances in wearable textile electronic (textronic) technology. Hierarchical textile assemblies (yarn/fibers,...

Animal telemetry is a subject of great potential and scientific interest, but it shows design-dependent problems related to price, flexibility and customization, autonomy, integration of elements, and structural design. The objective of this paper is to provide solutions, from the application of design, to cover the niches that we discovered by reviewing the scientific literature and studying the market. The design process followed to achieve the objective involved a development based on methodologies and basic design approaches focused on the human experience and also that of the animal. We present a modular collar that distributes electronic components in several compartments, connected, and powered by batteries that are wirelessly recharged. Its manufacture is based on 3D printing, something that facilitates immediacy in adaptation and economic affordability. The modularity presented by the proposal allows for adapting the size of the modules to the components they house as well as selecting which specific modules are needed in a project. The homogeneous weight distribution is transferred to the comfort of the animal and allows for a better integration of the elements of the collar. This device substantially improves the current offer of telemetry devices for farming animals, thanks to an animal-centered design process.

This paper discusses the design of a G-force test stand intended to examine of the effects of mechanical loads present during firing of a weapon and applied to the electronic components contained in the 155 mm calibre guided projectile. The G-force test stand is used to develop and test the effects of using high mechanical loads by decelerating a test specimen through the use of a purpose-designed fender assembly. For the purpose of testing, it is irrelevant whether a load is developed by acceleration or deceleration of the test specimen, as a test result obtained by the deceleration of a test specimen is equivalent to a test result obtained by the acceleration of a test specimen, as used in a 155 mm calibre artillery guided projectile. The G-force test stand was used to test and determine the velocities developed by the test specimens and the G-forces applied to them. The maximum velocity to which a test specimen was accelerated was approx. 72 m/s. The test stand was able to propel the test specimens to velocities an order of magnitude higher than the velocities obtained with a Kast and Masset ram. The tests were performed with rubber and copper fender assemblies. The effect of the specific fender used was demonstrated on the trend of the generated G-force. The test stand could develop G-forces in excess of 10,000 with a duration of more than 500 µs.

Smart textiles have attracted huge attention due to their potential applications for ease of life. Recently, smart textiles have been produced by means of incorporation of electronic components onto/into conductive metallic yarns. The development, characterizations, and electro-mechanical testing of surface mounted electronic device (SMD) integrated E-yarns is still limited. There is a vulnerability to short circuits as non-filament conductive yarns have protruding fibers. It is important to determine the best construction method and study the factors that influence the textile properties of the base yarn. This paper investigated the effects of different external factors, namely, strain, solder pad size, temperature, abrasion, and washing on the electrical resistance of SMD integrated silver-coated Vectran (SCV) yarn. For this, a Vectran E-yarn was fabricated by integrating the SMD resistor into a SCV yarn by applying a vapor phase reflow soldering method. The results showed that the conductive gauge length, strain, overlap solder pad size, temperature, abrasion, and washing had a significant effect on the electrical resistance property of the SCV E-yarn. In addition, based on the experiment, the E-yarn made from SCV conductive thread and 68 Ω SMD resistor had the maximum electrical resistance and power of 72.16 Ω and 0.29 W per 0.31 m length. Therefore, the structure of this E-yarn is also expected to bring great benefits to manufacturing wearable conductive tracks and sensors.