learning patterns
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The COVID-19 pandemic has brought about a sudden drastic change in the teaching learning patterns globally. Educational institutes have shifted from the traditional classroom teaching to virtual classrooms. This transition is the need of the hour. It requires technical up gradation as well as better communication skills because the teacher and student are only interacting through a virtual platform. There are many difficulties that both teacher and students face during online teaching learning process. In this study we have tried to understand the perception of physiotherapy students towards E Learning. From the data received and analysed it was concluded that the physiotherapy students prefer traditional classroom teaching as it helps develop better hands on skills. Keywords: E-Learning, Physiotherapy Students, COVID-19 pandemic.

The covid-19 pandemic has caused changes in learning patterns that lead to technology-based learning activities. Digital literacy in 21st century learning has become inseparable during a pandemic. The purpose of this study was to investigate the digital literacy of prospective science teachers at the Islamic University in Palembang during the Covid-19 pandemic with basic chemistry courses. This study uses a descriptive qualitative method by survey of 100 prospective science teachers in various science-based study programs such as chemistry, biology, and physics. The place of research was carried out at the Islamic University in Palembang. This study uses analysis consist of data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study show 1) understanding of digital literacy for science teacher candidates in obtaining 80% theoretical understanding, 30% use of social media, 72% use at home, and 30% use for communication. 2) the description of Belshaw's digital literacy elements is shown with cultural, cognitive, constructive, communicative, creative and critical dimensions in digital literacy. Research conclusions: 1) The theoretical understanding of digital literacy for science teacher candidates is good, mostly for social media, home use and communication. Belshaw's literacy element in digital literacy shows a change in learning patterns towards the digital era on the cultural dimension. Acceleration of access to knowledge on the cognitive dimension. Learning platform that supports the constructive dimension. Ease of communication on the communicative dimension. Constraints in formulating new findings on the creative and critical dimensions.

In the past two decades, archaeological studies of knowledge and skill transmission for pottery and lithic production in preindustrial societies have significantly improved our understanding of how technological traditions were transmitted and how the transmission processes influenced technological persistence and changes. However, case studies of craft transmission for osseous technology are rare despite their equal importance to pottery and lithic industries in preindustrial societies. Our research fills the gap by examining early Hemudu Culture’s (7000–6000 BP) scapular implements in the southern Yangzi Delta to understand the linkage between learning and maintaining the scapular shovel tradition in Hemudu’s socio-economic context. We first traced the history of scapular tools to the precedent Kuahuqiao Culture (8200–7000 BP), then used published experimental results to identify the product traits pertinent to craft learning and infer Hemudu scapular shovel blades’ learning and production patterns. Hemudu scapular shovels had a unique, complicated hafting style and an evidential raw material preference for old water buffalo scapulae. However, the blades’ morphological details and technical solutions varied significantly. In addition, most finished products display manufacturing mistakes resulting from crafters’ lacking skills, experience, and intervention. Practice pieces are rare compared to finished and used products. Although additional evidence implies that practice might have been more common than the studied sample suggested, it was carried out with less-than-ideal bones and insufficient for developing technical competency. We argue that the Hemudu societal norms for a scapular shovel applied only to the highly visible aspects of the implement. The shaft and ligatures could reduce the visibility of many manufacturing flaws on the shovel blade to reach the desired visual effect of the shovel. The shovel blades were made by household crafters emulating from an artifact or a memorized template but had insufficient training and practice in manufacturing. Communities of practice were minimal to nonexistent among the shovel makers; alternative mechanisms to maintain the technical norms or hold a high product standard were also lacking. Therefore, we concluded that the scapular shovels were less important as a technical implementation than a visual communicator of social identity. The binary system of conformist style and material preference mixed with loose quality control in the shovel blade production reveals that social conformity and the associated learning pattern are circumstantial and fluid even for a community’s iconic implement. Further research with other artifact types in Yangzi Delta would help shed light on whether similar learning patterns were applied besides the creation of scapular shovels.

This study aimed to analyze the determinants of farmers’ learning patterns in developing organic lowland rice. This research is a survey research with the research location in Lambandia District, East Kolaka Regency, Southeast Sulawesi Province. The was chosen because some farmers have applied organic lowland rice cultivation technology. The research period was for three months, from July to September 2021. The number of samples was 62 farmers by the census. Research variables were farmers’ characteristics, access to information media, support of supporting factors, and farmer learning patterns. collecting data with structured interviews using a questionnaire. Data analysis used descriptive analysis and SEM-PLS analysis. The results showed that the farmer’s learning pattern was through imitation of innovation with the support of the availability of creation and assistance. Farmer characteristics, supporting factors, and farmer access to information affect farmer learning patterns.

ABSTRAKUpaya pendidik dalam memenuhi tuntutan pendidikan abad 21 saat ini telah menghadapi tantangan berat yaitu adanya pandemi. Pola pembelajaran yang biasanya dilakukan secara tatap muka, mau tidak mau kini harus berjalan dengan cara daring. Ketidaksiapan ini menimbulkan berbagai masalah yang ditemukan di lapangan antara lain ketidaktercapaian tujuan pembelajaran, kesulitan penyampaian materi pembelajaran, kurangnya interaksi dengan siswa dalam proses pembelajaran, kualitas pemberdayaan sarana dan elemen dalam pembelajaran yang terbatas, terbatasnya pengetahuan tentang penggunaan media yang sesuai dengan kondisi saat ini. Sedangkan dari prespektif siswa, terdapat masalah yang sering dihadapi ketika pembelajaran daring yaitu siswa merasa jenuh karena pembelajaran  dan penugasan yang monoton, tagihan tugas yang menumpuk, pembelajaran tidak semenyenangkan pembelajaran tatap muka, mengantuk karena terlalu lama menyimak penjelasan guru via online sinkron, dan sulitnya jaringan internet. Pelatihan perangcangan soal berbasis teknologi ini dilakukan sebagai upaya meningkatkan kecakapan guru terkait pembuatan aktifitas daring, khususnya tes dalam bentuk kuis online yang lebih menarik daripada sekedar penugasan manual. Adapun kegiatan dalam pengabdian berupa (1) pembelajaran daring; (2) masalah yang  terjadi dalam pembelajaran daring; (3) pembelajaran daring yang ideal; (4) pemanfaatan teknologi dalam tes dan latihan. Hasil dari kegiatan pelatihan ini menunjukkan, dengan aplikasi quizizz, proprofs, dan i spring suite guru dapat menumbuhkan minat dan motivasi dalam pembelajaran bahasa Mandarin, serta tercipta pembelajaran lebih bervariasi yang belum pernah dilakukan oleh guru sebelumnya. Kata kunci: pelatihan; pembelajaran daring; guru; bahasa mandarin. ABSTRACTEducators' efforts to meet the demands of 21st century education have faced a severe challenge: pandemics. Learning patterns that are usually done face-to-face, inevitably now have to run in an online way. This unpreparedness raises various problems found in the field including inability of learning objectives, difficulty in delivering learning materials, lack of interaction with students in the learning process, quality empowerment of facilities and elements in limited learning, limited knowledge of media use in accordance with current conditions. While from the perspective of students, there are problems that are often faced when online learning is that students feel saturated because of monotonous learning and assignments, piling up assignment bills, learning is not as enjoyable as face-to-face learning, sleepiness because it is too long to listen to the teacher's explanation via online sync, and the difficulty of the internet network. This technology-based training is done as an effort to improve the skills of teachers related to the creation of online activities, especially tests in the form of online quizzes that are more interesting than just manual assignments. The activities in this training are (1) online learning; (2) problems that occur in online learning; (3) ideal online learning; (4) utilization of technology in tests and exercises. The results of this training activity showed that with quizizz applications, proprofs, and i spring suites teachers can foster interest and motivation in Mandarin language learning, as well as create more varied learning that has never been done by teachers before. Keywords: training; online learning; teacher; mandarin. 

Covid-19 affected educational institutions worldwide, and many moved online engaging in Emergency Remote Teaching and Learning (ERTL). It had a particular impact in Japan due to the low levels of computer usage in Japanese educational institutions and a reliance on traditional methods. This study uses semi-structured interviews with five participants to explore their perceptions of the move to online learning in a Japanese university context. Four factors emerged as significant: participants’ experiences prior to entering university; the importance of Social Networking Systems (SNS) in the process of becoming part of the university academic community; changes in spoken interactional patterns; and changes in learning patterns. It was found that the disruption due to ERTL led to fresh ways to learn and promoted an inclusive environment.

Flip-teaching is a methodology in which the roles of lecturers and students are reversed, and effective learning is obtained by using ICT and encouraging independent study by students. This methodology inverts the traditional learning patterns and responsibilities of the lecturer, as well as the location, because university students obtain both theoretical and practical knowledge outside the classroom by working on contents provided by the lecturer. The aim of this research is to analyse how students on the Tourist Guide course of the Degree in Tourism at the Universitat Politècnica de València (UPV) design and produce subject materials using the flip-teaching method. In the university training on tourist guiding and heritage interpretation, students develop relevant skills, such as the ability to generate messages from a key idea to provoke emotions in visitors, and other communication skills to facilitate visits and improve user experiences. The results show a more intensive use of class materials by students. 

В современном информационном обществе утверждается новая образовательная парадигма — персонализированное обучение. Его содержательным ядром является нейродидактика, исследующая закономерности обучения, связанные с особенностями деятельности высших психических функций мозга. Задача нейродидактики — персонализация учебной деятельности и персонификация обучающихся. A new educational paradigm — personalised education, is asserting itself in modern society. Its core is neurodidactics, which studies the learning patterns connected to the peculiarities of the higher mental functions of the brain. The goal of neurodidactics is the personalization of the educational process and the personification of students’ personalities.

The study aimed to identify learning from successes in public education schools in the East Jerusalem, and to uncover the effect of learning factors from successes in achieving learning from successes and determining their competitive advantage. The researchers followed the descriptive and analytical approach for its relevance to this study, and the researchers used the study tool (in-depth personal interview) With a sample of public education school principals in the West Bank in Palestine. The study focused on three main axes: 1. The first axis: learning from past successes retrospectively. 2. The second axis: the journey after the learning question: the future method. 3. The third axis: learning about learning: identifying and transmitting learning patterns at the individual and group levels. Each of these axes included a set of related questions that deal with the subject of the study. The results of the study showed the importance of learning from the successes in public education schools, following the success factors in achieving the desired goals, employing strategic planning, raising the motivation of human resources and the level of their personal and professional competencies, and following the methods of evaluation, evaluation and follow-up in school achievements. The researchers recommended the necessity of analyzing the school environment and identifying strengths and weaknesses in order to identify and follow success factors, and to invest and transfer creative and innovative ideas in employing success factors and achieving respiratory advantage.