depressive reaction
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Aim of research. The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between the clinical and psychopathological features of anxiety and depressive manifestations and the features of cognitive dysfunctions in patients with prolonged depressive reaction. Materials and methods. The study involved 98 patients with prolonged depressive reactions. The study used an integrated approach, which consisted in the use of clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, psychodiagnostic and statistical research methods. Results. According to the research results, a correlation analysis was carried out, which made it possible to determine the combination of clinical and psychopathological symptoms with the features of the cognitive functioning of patients with prolonged depressive reaction. Obsessive thoughts and hypochondriacal ideas have been shown to be associated with marked levels of anxiety; suicidal thoughts - with a protracted onset of depression and a minor depressive episode; mild violations of verbal productivity were associated with a major depressive episode and with a prolonged onset of depression, with 1-2 episodes of depression in anamnesis; a low level of attention switching was associated with an episode duration of up to 2 years, a protracted onset of depression, a major depressive episode, and an increased level of anxiety; average work efficiency correlated with a low level of anxiety, an episode duration of up to a year, 1-2 episodes of depression in anamnesis, a remission duration of more than 24 months; mobilization of mental processes was associated with a remission duration of more than 24 months and a reduced level of anxiety; high selectivity of attention to negative stimuli was combined with the duration of the episode up to 2 years and a pronounced level of anxiety; moderate disturbances in aggressive behavior patterns were associated with an episode duration of up to a year and a moderate level of anxiety. Conclusions. The relationship between clinical and psychopathological features of anxiety and depressive manifestations and features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with prolonged depressive reaction were identified. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis and in the development of psychocorrective measures to reduce cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorders.

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). A set of research methods was used: clinical-psychopathological and statistical. As a result of the study, the clinical and psychopathological features of affective disorders in different types of depressive disorders were identified: a predominance of apathy, emotional lability, hypothymia, anxiety, feelings of dissatisfaction, despair and anhedonia were identified in patients with RDD; a low mood, apathy, emotional coldness, hypothymia, ambivalence of emotions, dysphoria, dissatisfaction, feelings of sadness and annoyance were identified in patients with BAD; a feelings of despair, anxiety, dissatisfaction, hypothymia, fear, sadness, feelings of horror and fear, emotional lability, feelings of anger, hostility and shame and sensitivity were dominated in patients with PDR.

Aim: to determine the relationship between the clinical and psychopathological features of anxiety and depressive manifestations and the features of cognitive dysfunctions in patients with prolonged depressive reaction. Material and methods. The study enrolled 98 patients with prolonged depressive reactions. The study used an integrated approach, which consisted in the use of clinical-psychopathological, psychometric, psychodiagnostic and statistical research methods. Results. According to the research results, a correlation analysis was carried out, which made it possible to determine the combination of clinical and psychopathological symptoms with the features of the cognitive functioning of patients with prolonged depressive reaction. Obsessive thoughts and hypochondriacal ideas have been shown to be associated with marked levels of anxiety; suicidal thoughts – with a protracted onset of depression and a minor depressive episode; mild violations of verbal productivity were associated with a major depressive episode and with a prolonged onset of depression, with 1-2 episodes of depression in anamnesis; a low level of attention switching was associated with an episode duration of up to 2 years, a protracted onset of depression, a major depressive episode, and an increased level of anxiety; average work efficiency correlated with a low level of anxiety, an episode duration of up to a year, 1-2 episodes of depression in anamnesis, a remission duration of more than 24 months; mobilization of mental processes was associated with a remission duration of more than 24 months and a reduced level of anxiety; high selectivity of attention to negative stimuli was combined with the duration of the episode up to 2 years and a pronounced level of anxiety; moderate disturbances in aggressive behavior patterns were associated with an episode duration of up to a year and a moderate level of anxiety. Conclusions. The relationship between clinical and psychopathological features of anxiety and depressive manifestations and features of cognitive dysfunction in patients with prolonged depressive reaction were identified. It should be considered in the differential diagnosis and in the development of psychocorrective measures to reduce cognitive impairment in patients with depressive disorders.

362 patients with cognitive impairment at depressive disorders were examined, of them 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). Differentiated clinical and psychopathological features of patients with cognitive impairment at depressive disorders were established: 1) combination of apathetic-adynamic, astheno-energetic and anxious symptom complexes;  predominance of moderate and major depressive episodes;  severity of apathy, subjective and objective signs of depression,  decrease in concentration and ability to feel were determined in patients with RDD; 2) combination of astheno-energetic, apathetic-adynamic, and melancholic symptom complexes;  predominance of moderate and major depressive episodes; the severity of apathy, subjective signs of depression, suicidal thoughts, insomnia and  decrease in concentration  in patients with BAD; 3) combination of anxious and apathetic-adynamic symptom complexes; the predominance of moderate and minor depressive episodes; the severity of internal stress, apathy, suicidal thoughts and loss of appetite  in patients with PDR.

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 patients with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). A set of research methods was used: clinical-psychopathological, psychodiagnostic (Munsterberg test) and statistical. The features of the perception process were established for various types of depressive disorders: in patients with RDD, there was a predominance of average, increased and decreased selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (30.89 %, 21.95 % and 21.95 %, respectively), high selectivity of attention to negative stimulus (33.33 %) and decreased and low selectivity of attention to positive stimulus (54.47 % and 20.33 %, respectively); in patients with BAD, a predominance of average and reduced selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (45.39 % and 36.17 %, respectively) and average selectivity of attention to negative and positive stimulus (38.30 % and 38.30 %, respectively) were recorded; in patients with PDR, the prevalence of average and reduced selectivity of attention to neutral stimulus (42.86 % and 34.69 %, respectively), increased and decreased selectivity of attention to negative stimulus (29.59 % and 16.33 %, respectively), increased selectivity of attention to positive stimulus (43.88 %). Key words: patients with cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, perception process, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder, 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder and 98 people with prolonged depressive reaction. Peculiarities of the process of attention of patients with depressive disorders were the presence of a decrease in concentration, stability and switching of attention, decrease in work efficiency and working capacity. The peculiarities of the functioning of attention indicators were determined for various types of depressive disorders, which can use as diagnostic criteria in the differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in depressive disorders. Key words: cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, persistence, concentration and switching of attention, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction

362 patients with cognitive impairment in depressive disorders were examined: 123 patients with recurrent depressive disorder (RDD), 141 patients with bipolar affective disorder (BAD) and 98 people with prolonged depressive reaction (PDR). It was found that cognitive dysfunctions were less pronounced in patients with PDR, than in patients with RDD and BAR (p<0,035). Cognitive dysfunctions in depressive disorders was underlined by the presence of disorders in the mental sphere, in the sphere of attention, executive, visual-spatial and linguistic functions. The differential features of cognitive impairment in patients with RDD, BAR and PDR are highlighted and it should be taken during conducting differential diagnosis of cognitive impairment in depressive disorders. Keywords: patients with cognitive impairment, depressive disorders, cognitive dysfunctions, recurrent depressive disorder, bipolar depressive disorder, prolonged depressive reaction.

The clinical phenomenology of post-stress disorders was studied in combatants. We observed 150 servicemen of the Armed Forces of Ukraine, who took a direct part in the fighting in the ATO zone, in accordance with the principles of bioethics and deontology on the basis of the National Military Medical Clinical Center «Main Military Clinical Hospital» and the Military Medical Center of the Northern Region. It is shown, that the clinical structure of post-stress disorders in combatants is represented by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), acute stress response and adjustment disorders. The clinical structure of PTSD in combatants is represented by anxious (35.2 % of men and 44.2 % of women), dysphoric (33.5 % and 9.4 %), asthenic (25.4 % and 32.6 %) and somatoform (5.9 % and 13.8 %) syndrome complexes. Adjustment disorders included prolonged depressive reaction (10.1 % of men and 15.7 % of women), mixed anxiety-depressive reaction (16.5 % and 10.2 %), adjustment disorders with a predominance of disturbances of other emotions (9.8 % and 7.4 %). The major risk factors for the development of stress-related disorders in combatants were identified: prolonged participation in combat, the need to see and touch the bodies of the dead, the threat of death from sniper’s fire, the death of friends in their own eyes, the impact of harmful combat factors, family conflicts, adverse social and economic circumstances. The correlation analysis was carried out. It was found, that the severity of psychopathological symptoms is determined by the severity of combat mental trauma. High scores on the Mississippi scale are associated with prolonged mental trauma (rxy=0.64), threat of death (rxy=0.58), death of comrades (rxy=0.54), participation in close combat (rxy=0.50), the offensive (rxy=0.41), the need to touch the bodies of the dead (rxy=0.46), with the killing of opponents (rxy=0.45). There is a strong correlation of combat mental trauma with anxiety intensity (rxy=0.78), fear (rxy=0.71), sense of internal tension (rxy=0.70), disturbance of the sleep-wake cycle (rxy=0.70), incontinence of affect (rxy=0.69) and depression (rxy=0.66). Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, adjustment disorders, acute stress response, combat mental trauma, correlation analysis.