Koizer D
Koizer D
Koizer D
Paleng 08-05-2008
Health-illness continua
a. Dunn’s High-Level Wellness Grid
i. composed of two axis’s
a. a health axes which ranges from peak wellness to
death
b. a environmental axes which ranges from very favorable
to very unfavorable
ii. the two axis’s form four quadrants
a. high-level wellness in a favorable environment
1. e.g., a person who implements healthy life-style
behaviors and has the biopsychosocialspiritual
resources to support this life-style
b. emergent high-level wellness in an unfavorable
environment
1. e.g., a woman who has the knowledge to
implement healthy life-style practices but does
not implement adequate self-care practices
because of family responsibilities, job demands,
or other factors
c. protected poor health in a favorable environment
1. e.g., an ill person whose needs are met by the
health care system and who has access to
appropriate medications, diet, and health care
instruction
d. poor health in an unfavorable environment
1. e.g., a young child who is starving in a drought
ridden country
b. Travis’ Illness-Wellness Continuum
i. composed of two arrows pointing in opposite
directions and joined at a neutral point
a. movement to the right on the arrows (towards high-
level wellness) equals an increasing level of health and
well-being
1. achieved in three steps:
a. awareness
b. education
c. growth
b. movement to the left on the arrows (towards premature
death) equates a progressively decreasing state of
health
1. achieved in three steps:
a. signs
b. symptoms
c. disability