MSC.

Software Corporation
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Tokyo, Japan Tel: 81-3-3505-0266 Fax: 81-3-3505-0914 United States MSC.Patran Support Tel: 1-800-732-7284 Fax: 714-979-2990 Munich, Germany Tel: (+49)-89-43 19 87 0 Fax: (+49)-89-43 61 716

Advanced MSC.Patran
PAT302 Workbook

June 2003

Copyright 2000 MSC.Software Part Number: P3*V2003*Z*Z*Z*SM-PAT302-WBK

DISCLAIMER

MSC.Software Corporation reserves the right to make changes in specifications and other information contained in this document without prior notice. The concepts, methods, and examples presented in this text are for illustrative and educational purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to apply to any particular engineering problem or design. MSC.Software Corporation assumes no liability or responsibility to any person or company for direct or indirect damages resulting from the use of any information contained herein. User Documentation: Copyright 2003 MSC.Software Corporation. Printed in U.S.A. All Rights Reserved. This notice shall be marked on any reproduction of this documentation, in whole or in part. Any reproduction or distribution of this document, in whole or in part, without the prior written consent of MSC.Software Corporation is prohibited. MSC and MSC. are registered trademarks and service marks of MSC.Software Corporation. NASTRAN is a registered trademark of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. MSC.Nastran is an enhanced proprietary version developed and maintained by MSC.Software Corporation. MSC.Patran is a trademark of MSC.Software Corporation. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

Copyright 2000 MSC.Software

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Workshop 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 7.0 8.0 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 15.0 16.0 17.0 18.0 19.0 20.0 21.0 Page

Surface Edit, Then Mesh Computer Pannel. 1-1 Composite Surfaces2-1 Tessellated Surface.... 3-1 Mesh on Mesh 2D........... 4-1 Mid-surface Creation, Simple Bracket... 5-1 Mid-surface Extraction, Wing Section....... 6-1 Mid-plane Mesher....... 7-1 Mesh on Mesh, 2D to 3D.. 8-1 Hex Mesh Using Sweep Vector..... 9-1 Hex vs Tet Solid Element Mesh.....10-1 Edit Solid, Blade.......11-1 Assembly Meshing, Tension Fitting....12-1 Solid Modeling of K-T Joint............13-1 Solid Modeling of Plastic Housing...14-1 Group/List Menu With Car Body Model.........15-1 Group Transform, Restrictor Plate.......16-1 Introduction to Parameters and Features.........17-1 Modifying Unigraphics Parameters and Features.....18-1 Global/Local Modeling Using FEM Fields.19-1 Creating PCL Functions...........20-1 PCL via Session File, Pipe Intersection21-1

Copyright 2000 MSC.Software

Copyright 2000 MSC.Software

WORKSHOP 1 SURFACE EDIT, THEN MESH COMPUTER PANEL

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-1

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-2

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

Problem Description

An instrument panel design was modified in a Case Study shown in Section 3. For this workshop add fillets to the corners of a surface for a computer panel, remove the small tooling holes, and reduce the size of the two openings on the right side of the panel for the speaker plugs. Create nodes and elements by meshing. The geometry of the computer panel is shown on the following slide.

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-3

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

outer corners tooling holes (eight total) outer corners replace

260 mm

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-4

50 mm

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

General outline of the steps to be performed

Import the STEP AP203 file computer_panel.step containing the surface to be modified Follow the steps outlined in the case study Instrument Panel to create the fillets at the four outer corners of the panel, using fillet radius 4 mm Remove the small tooling holes that are in the middle of the panel (8 holes) Remove the two circular openings on the right side of the panel and add new ones with a radius of 2 mm Mesh the part with the Paver mesher using Quad4 elements and an appropriate global edge length Evaluate the quality of the mesh

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-5

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

After importing the solid, create the corner fillets

Geometry: Edit/Surface/Add Fillet Enter 4.0 as the radius Select the vertex, then the surface Repeat the steps until all four fillets are created

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-6

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

Remove the desired holes and create 2 holes for the speaker plugs

Geometry: Edit/Surface/Remove Hole Under Inner Loop List select all of the desired holes, the eight tooling holes and the two holes for the speaker plugs Select the trimmed surface

Illustrated above is the computer panel surface after all the tooling holes and speaker plug holes have been removed.

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-7

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

Create the speaker plug holes using a smaller radius

Geometry: Edit/Surface/Add Hole Set the Option to Center Point Set Hole Radius to 2.0 Use the following center points
z z

[239 25 0] [251 25 0]

Use Surface 1 for the Surface, and click on Apply

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-8

SURFACE MODELING OF COMPUTER PANEL

Mesh the model

Elements: Create/Mesh/Surface Set the Elem Shape, Mesher, and Topology to Quad, Paver, and Quad4, respectively Enter an appropriate GEL for the model(around 2.5 or so) Determine the quality of the elements
z

Finite Elements: Verify/Quad/All

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-9

PAT302, Workshop 1, June 2003

WS1-10

WORKSHOP 2 COMPOSITE SURFACES

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-1

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-2

Problem Description
In this exercise a CAD(IGES) file for a plate structure is imported into a database. However, the translation leads to gaps and discontinuities in the geometric model. In order to create a suitable mesh for analysis the geometry needs to be cleaned up. This is where the concept of composite surfaces is introduced. Combine the disjoint(non-congruent) surfaces, which represent the plate structure, to create a set of composite surfaces. Mesh seeds will be created on the edges of the composite surfaces. Finally, the surfaces will be meshed.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

Create a new database called composite_surfaces.db. Import the surface geometry from an IGES file. Check the model for geometric incongruencies. Formulate the procedure for creating the composite surfaces for the model. Change the picking preferences. Create the composite surface for the first quarter of the model. Create the second composite surface. Create a third composite surface. Change the picking preferences back to the original settings. Create the final composite surface. Determine where the internal surface free edges are. Create the mesh seeds. Mesh the composite surfaces. Connect elements by equivalencing. Change the lighting and display options. Display only the composite surfaces.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-4

Step 1. Create a New Database

a
Create a new database called composite_surfaces.db and set the new model preferences. a. Click on the File New icon. b. Enter composite_surfaces for the file name and click OK. c. Select the Based on Model toggle under Tolerance. d. Set the Approximate Maximum Model Dimension to 10.0. e. Make sure that the Analysis Code and Analysis Type are set to MSC.Nastran and Structural, respectively. f. Click OK.

c d e b f

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-5

Step 2. Import the Surface Geometry

g a

Import the IGES file called non_cong_surfs.igs and change the display and view to get a better representation of the model. a. File : Import b. Select non_cong_surfs.igs. c. Click on Apply. d. Click OK when IGES Report Summary Appears. e. Click on the Iso 1 View icon. f. Click on the Smooth Shaded icon. g. Click on the Fit View icon.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-6

Step 2. Import the Surface Geometry

Illustrated here is the imported surface geometry.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-7

Step 3. Check the Model for Geometric Incongruencies

a
Check the model for geometric incongruencies by verifying the surface boundaries. a. Click on the Wireframe view icon. b. Geometry : Verify / Surface / Boundary. c. Make sure that the Topology toggle is set under Verification Criteria. d. Under Surface List, select the entire model. e. Click Apply.

b c

d e

A warning message will appear in the history window stating that free edges and/or nonmanifold edges exist PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-8

Step 4. Formulate Procedure for Creating Composite Surfaces

Observations
From the markers displayed on the interior of the model it can be seen that there exists a non-congruency problem which will affect the congruency of the meshes. That is, the meshes will not be compatible at adjacent boundary interfaces of the non-congruent surfaces. This problem can be dealt with by using composite surfaces in MSC.Patran. To do this a set of several surfaces is combined into a new simple or trimmed surface whose perimeter is identical to the original set of surfaces. A plan has to be developed to use composite surfaces. The follow steps outline this plan.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-9

Step 4. Formulate Procedure for Creating Composite Surfaces (Cont.)

Composite Surface Outline

The model is to be divided into four quarters(labeled below). The surfaces in each of the quarters are to be used to construct a single composite surface for each quarter of the model. The four composite surfaces are then to be meshed, and the elements connected by equivalencing, creating a single congruent mesh that can be used for performing an analysis. Also, because there are no surfaces edges interior to a composite surface when the composite surface is meshed the created nodes do not have to follow interior edges or vertices. 2 1

4
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-10

Step 5. Change the Picking Preferences

g b

Change the Picking Preferences. a. Preferences : Picking b. Under Single Picking, make sure that Entity is selected. c. Under Rectangle/Polygon Picking, select Enclose entire entity. d. Select Cycle picking form and Horizontal select menus. e. Under Preselection Settings, select Entity Highlighting. f. Click on Close. g. Click on the Front View icon.

c d

f
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-11

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface

Create the first composite surface. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. b. Select the toggle for Delete Constituent Surfaces. c. Under Surface List, select the upper right quarter of the model (i.e section 1). d. Under Vertex List, select points (indicated by the black squares) to define the outside corners of the composite surface.

a b c d

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-12

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

View the current perimeter of the set of surfaces, as seen by the composite surface application. a. Click on the Preview Boundary button. b. Click No when the Question from application SGM appears. c. An informational message will appear in the history window describing the following colors White free edges within the current surface selection Dark blue two coincident surface edges Light blue more than two coincident surface edges Red surface edges that are not part of the boundary due to a gap

a b c
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-13

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

The boundary definition (represented by black and dark blue lines with solid dots) needs to be modified so it will include only the desired surface edges. For this problem, only the surface edges on the outside(outer perimeter) of the set of surfaces in the Surface List are to be used. The surface edges colored white with white dots that are interior to the surfaces must be removed from the boundary definition.

In this illustration, and throughout the remainder of the exercise, the white dots and white lines are represented in black.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-14

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

Remove the four interior edges from the desired composite surface perimeter. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. b. Click on the Remove toggle. c. Hold down shift and select the four interior edges. d. Click on Apply. e. A message will appear indicating that the boundary loop is not closed at the red square(there is a gap). Click OK.

b c e
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-15

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

The red square indicates the area where the boundary loop is not closed. To close the loop, a curve needs to be created.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-16

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

a h
Zoom in on the red square and create a curve that closes the gap. a. Click on the View corners icon. b. Zoom in on the corner with the red square. (zooming may need to be done a few times in order to get a good view) c. Click on the Label Control icon and show click on Point. d. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. e. Change the Modify Boundary toggle to Add. f. Click on the Two Points icon. g. Under Edge List, select point 58 and 75. h. Click on the Fit view icon. i. Turn of the Label Control.

i c b d

e g

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-17

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

The composite surface is now ready to be submitted. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. b. Click on Apply. c. Click Yes to message asking to change the view. d. Click on OK to message asking to increase the gap tolerance to 0.386.

d
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-18

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

f
Modify the Cleanup Tolerance and create the composite surface. a. Click on the Options button. b. Enter 0.4 for both the Cleanup Tol. and Gap Distance. c. Click on OK. d. Click on Apply. e. Click Yes when asked to delete the original surfaces. f. Click on the Refresh graphics icon.

c a

e
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-19

Step 6. Create the first Composite Surface (Cont.)

First Composite Surface Magenta lines indicate that the surface has more than four edges

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-20

Step 7. Create the Next Composite Surface

Select the boundary for the second composite surface. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. b. Under Surface List, select upper left quarter (i.e section 2). c. Under Vertex List, select the 5 points (indicated by the black squares).

a b b

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-21

Step 7. Create the Next Composite Surface (Cont.)

Set the Composite Options back to the default setting. a. Click on Options b. Click on the Defaults button and both the Cleanup Tol. and the Gap Distance should change back to 0.005. c. Click OK. d. Click on Preview Boundary. e. Click Yes when asked to change the tolerance. f. Click on Apply.

a d f
WS2-22

e
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

Step 7. Create the Next Composite Surface (Cont.)

c
Finish creating the second composite surface. a. Click Yes when asked to change to optimal view. b. Click on Yes when asked to delete the original surfaces. c. Click on the Refresh graphics icon.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-23

Step 8. Create another Composite Surface

Create the composite surface for the lower right quarter of the model. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. b. Under Surface List, select the lower-right quarter of the model (i.e, section 3). c. Under Vertex List, select the four points (indicated by the black squares).

b b

c
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-24

Step 8. Create another Composite Surface (Cont.)

f
Set the Composite Options back to the default setting. a. Click on Options b. Click on the Defaults button and both the Cleanup Tol. and the Gap Distance should change back to 0.005. c. Click OK. d. Click on Preview Boundary. e. Click Yes when asked to change the tolerance. f. Click on the View corners icon and zoom in on the lower-right quarter of the model.

a d e
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-25

Step 8. Create another Composite Surface (Cont.)

a
Change the picking preferences and remove the edges internal to the desired composite surface. a. Preferences : Picking b. Change Rectangle/Polygon Picking toggle to Enclose any portion of entity. c. Click on Close. d. Click on Remove under Modify Boundary. e. Under Edge List, hold down shift and select the two internal surfaces (as indicated) by dragging a box e around the circle. f. Click on Apply.

d c f

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-26

Step 8. Create another Composite Surface (Cont.)

Finish creating the composite surface. a. Click on Yes when asked to change to a better view. b. Click on Yes when asked to delete the original surfaces. c. Click on the Refresh graphics icon. d. Click on the Fit View icon.

b
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-27

Step 8. Create another Composite Surface (Cont.)

Shown here is the model with three completed composite surfaces.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-28

Step 9. Change the Picking Preferences

a
Change the Picking Preferences back to the previous setting. a. Preferences : Picking b. Under Single Picking, make sure that Entity is selected. c. Under Rectangle/Polygon Picking, select Enclose entire entity. d. Select Cycle picking form and Horizontal select menus. e. Under Preselection Settings, select Entity Highlighting. f. Click on Close.

c d

f
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-29

Step 10. Create the Final Composite Surface

Select the surface boundary for the fourth composite surface. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Composite. b. Under Surface List, select the lower-left section (i.e section4) by dragging a box around it. c. Under Vertex List, select the four points (indicated by the black squares).

b b c

c
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-30

Step 10. Create the Final Composite Surface (Cont.)

Set the Composite Options to the default. a. Click on the Options button. b. Click on the Defaults button and both the Cleanup Tol and Gap Distance should change to 0.005. c. Click on OK. d. Click on Preview Boundary. e. Click on Yes when asked to change tolerance. f. Click on Apply.

b a d f

e
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-31

Step 10. Create the Final Composite Surface (Cont.)

b
Finish creating the composite surface. a. Click on Yes when asked to delete original surfaces. b. Click on the Refresh graphics icon. c. Change the view by clicking on Iso 2 view icon. d. Click on the Fit view icon.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-32

Step 11. Check the Model

h
Check the model once again to verify that there are no geometric incongruencies. a. Geometry : Verify / Surface / Boundary. b. Select Topology under Verification Criteria. c. Under Surface List, select the entire model. d. Click Apply. e. Click on the Update Graphics button. f. Click on the Erase Markers button. g. Click on OK. h. Click on the Front view icon.

a b e c d

f g

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-33

Step 12. Create Mesh Seeds

Create mesh seeds for the model. a. Elements : Create / Mesh Seed / Uniform. b. Select the toggle for Number of Elements. c. Enter 10 under Number. d. Under Curve List,Shift-select the 7 curves (indicated by the red arrows). e. Click Apply.

b c d e

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-34

Step 12. Create Mesh Seeds (Cont.)

Continue to create mesh seeds for the rest of the model. a. Elements : Create / Mesh Seed / Uniform. b. Select the toggle for Number of Elements. c. Enter 4 under Number. d. Shift-select the 3 curves (indicated by the red arrows). e. Click Apply.

b c d e

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-35

Step 13. Create a Surface Mesh

Create the mesh for the model. a. Elements : Create / Mesh / Surface. b. Select Quad, Paver, and Quad4 for the Elem. Shape, Mesher, and Topology. c. Under Surface List, select the top two surfaces (i.e sections 1 and 2). d. Remove the check for Automatic Calculation and enter 5.0 for the Global Edge Length. e. Click on the Paver Parameters button. f. Select Used Desired Edge Lengths toggle. g. Enter 4.8 and 5.2 for the Min Edge and Max Edge Length, respectively. h. Click OK. i. Click on Apply. PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-36

b e f g h c d i

Step 13. Create a Surface Mesh (Cont.)

Mesh the remaining composite Surfaces, this time using the Isomesher. a. Elements : Create / Mesh / Surface. b. Select Quad, IsoMesh, and Quad4 for the Elem. Shape, Mesher, and Topology. c. Under Surface List, select the bottom two surfaces (i.e sections 3 and 4). d. Remove the check for Automatic Calculation and enter 5.0 for the Global Edge Length. e. Click on Apply.

c d e

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-37

Step 13. Create a Surface Mesh (Cont.)

Here is the model with the completed mesh.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-38

Step 14. Equivalence the Mesh

Equivalence the model. a. Elements : Equivalence / All / Tolerance Cube. b. Change the Equivalencing Tolerance to 0.05. c. Click Apply.

b c

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-39

Step 15. Change the Display and Lighting for the Model

g e

Modify certain display parameters to get a better view of the model. a. Click on the Smooth shaded icon. b. Click on the Plot/Erase icon. c. Click on Erase under Geometry. d. Click on OK. e. Viewing : Angles f. Enter -10 -30 -20 for the angles. g. Click on the Fit view icon. h. Click on Apply, then Cancel.

f c h

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-40

Step 15. Change the Display and Lighting for the Model (Cont.)

a
Modify the lighting sources. a. Display : Light Sources b. Under Post/Unpost Sources, select ambient, directional_1, directional_2, and directional_3. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Cancel.

c
PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003 WS2-41

Step 16. Display the Composite Surfaces.

a
Plot only the composite surfaces. a. Click on the Plot/Erase icon. b. Under FEM, click Erase. c. Under Geometry, click Plot. d. Click on OK.

c
e. Close the database and quit MSC.Patran after finishing the exercise.

PAT302, Workshop 2, June 2003

WS2-42

WORKSHOP 3 TESSELLATED SURFACE

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-1

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-2

Problem Description
A continuous 2D quadrilateral element mesh needs to be created for a set of surfaces. The problem is that the surfaces in the set are not congruent because of the presence of gaps, non-coincident adjacent vertices, and overlapping surface edges. Also, even if the surfaces were all congruent some of the edges internal to the outer perimeter are too close to each other for the creation of a large element mesh. The approach to be used for this workshop is to
Mesh the entire set of surfaces Connect elements and fill gaps with elements Create a single surface from the connected 2D element mesh IsoMesh the created single surface

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.

Create a new database. Import the surface geometry. Determine where the surface free edges are. Create tri3 meshes using the IsoMesher. Sew the elements together. Observe where the free edges of the elements are. Create a group for the surface to be created from the tri3 elements. Create a surface from the 2D tri3 mesh. Display only the group with the new surface. Mesh the new surface using IsoMesh. Smooth the new surface mesh. Quit MSC.Patran.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-4

Step 1. Create a New Database

a

Note that the tolerance specified is 0.005

d
Create a new database. a. File / New. b. Enter tessellated for File Name. c. Click OK. d. Under New Model Preferences, select Based on Model Tolerance. e. Select MSC.Nastran for Analysis Code. f. Select Structural for Analysis Type. g. Click on OK.

e b c g f

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-5

Step 2. Import the Surface Geometry

c
Import the model geometry. a. File / Import. b. Change the Object and Source to Model and Neutral, respectively. c. Select non_cong_surfs.out. d. Click on Apply. e. Click Yes for the import summary.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-6

Step 3. Determine Where the Surface Free Edges Are

Determine where the surface free edges are. a. Geometry : Verify / Surface / Boundary. b. Under Surface List select the entire model. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on OK to the Update Graphics dialogue box.

Note that there are numerous locations where there are surfaces free edges(indicated by magenta circles).

b c

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-7

Step 4. Create Tri3 meshes using IsoMesh

Note that IsoMesh can be used because all of the surfaces are parametric. Create tri3 mesh using the IsoMesh-er. a. Finite Elements : Create / Mesh / Surface. b. Select Tria for Elem Shape, IsoMesh for Mesher, and Tria3 for Topology. c. Select all the surfaces in the display for Surface List. d. Deselect Automatic Calculation. e. Enter 2.0 for Global Edge Length. f. Click on Apply.

c d e f

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-8

Step 5. Sew the Elements Together

a
Sew the elements together. a. Finite Elements : Modify / Mesh / Sew. b. Enter 2.0 for Target Element Edge Length. c. Select all the tri elements under Tria Element List. d. Click on Apply.

b c d

What does the Sew command do? The Sewing command will equivalence finite element nodes and create tri elements to fill any gaps. The quality of the tri elements may not be very good, but that is acceptable because a surface is to be created from them and the original tri elements will be deleted after the surface has been created.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-9

Step 6. Look at the Element Free Edges

Now, check for element free edges. a. Finite Elements : Verify / Element / Boundaries. b. Select Free Edges for Display Type. c. Click on Apply.

Hole in Tri3 Mesh

Is it ok the have a hole in the mesh ? Yes. When the surface is created the inner loop can be excluded. However, it is important to realize that the presence of inner loops, even if they are excluded in creating a surface, may result in inaccurate geometry at the location of the inner loops.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-10

Step 7. Create a Group

Create a group for the surface to be created from the tri3 elements. Make the group currentso when the surface is created it will be placed in it. a. Group : Create / Select Entity. b. Enter tess_surf for New Group Name. c. Check the Make Current toggle. d. Click on Apply.

b c

d
PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003 WS3-11

Step 8. Create a Surface From the 2D tri3 Mesh

Create a surface from the 2D tri3 mesh. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Mesh. b. Select the tri3 elements for Element List. c. Select the four corner nodes for Outer Corner Nodes. No additional nodes are to be selected, under Additional Vertex Nodes, so that a parametric surface will be created. d. Select None for Inner Loop Options. e. Click on Apply.

a c

b c

d e

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-12

Step 9. Display Only the Group With the New Surface

a d

Display only the group with the new surface, tess_surf. a. Group / Post b. Select tess_surf for Select Groups to Post. c. Click on Apply. d. Turn on the display lines.

This is a parametric surface. The display lines are obviously not smooth. The elements created by IsoMesh-ing this surface will have problems.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-13

Step 9. Display Only the Group With the New Surface

Check various views of the model either by rotating it or using the view icons

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-14

Step 10. Mesh the New Surface using IsoMesh

Mesh the new surface using IsoMesh (Use Larger Element Size). a. Finite Elements : Create / Mesh / Surface. b. Select Quad for Elem Size, IsoMesh for Mesher, and Quad4 for Topology. c. Select Surface 602 (the new surface) for Surface List. d. Deselect Automatic Calculation and enter 6.0 for Global Edge Length. e. Click on Apply.

c d e

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-15

Step 11. Smooth the New Surface Mesh

Smooth the new 2D surface mesh using an application in Finite Elements. a. Finite Elements : Modify / Mesh / Surface. b. Select the newly created tessellated surface, Surface 602, for Surface List. c. Click on Apply.

b c

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-16

Step 11. Smooth the New Surface Mesh (Cont.)

Erase the Geometry so that the mesh can be seen better. a. Display / Plot/Erase. b. Under Geometry click on Erase. c. Click OK.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-17

Step 11. Smooth the New Surface Mesh (Cont.)

Before Smoothing
The quality of the quad elements can be checked for the two meshes using Finite Elements: Verify / Quad / All.

After Smoothing

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-18

Step 12. Quit MSC.Patran

Quite MSC.PATRAN. a. File / Close.

This ends this exercise.

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-19

PAT302, Workshop 3, June 2003

WS3-20

WORKSHOP 4 MESH ON MESH 2D

PAT302, Workshop 4, June 2003

WS4-1

PAT302, Workshop 4, June 2003

WS4-2

Problem Description
This exercise introduces another method of creating a 2D mesh for a set of non-congruent surfaces. So far non-congruent surfaces have been dealt with using several methods. They are composite surface, trimmed composite surface, and tessellated surface. This method involves the use of the Mesh/On Mesh tool. This involves creating a high quality continuous 2D mesh from poor quality 2D continuous mesh. The poor quality mesh can be created by meshing a set of non-congruent surfaces, then sew-ing; this is what is to be done for this workshop.

PAT302, Workshop 4, June 2003

WS4-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4.

5. 6.

7.

8.

9.

Create a new database. Import a MSC.Patran neutral file. Create a Tri3 Element mesh for each surface. Connect the triangular elements by sew-ing. This includes equivalencing and element creation. Repeat Step 4 using a different target element edge length. Using the Mesh/On Mesh tool create a mesh for the model that can be used for analysis. Because the initial mesh is too course repeat Step 6 using a smaller element size. In order to create a mesh that follows the model geometry more closely mesh select surface edges with Bar2 Elements for use with the Mesh/On Mesh application. Create the final mesh, that will follow the model geometry, using the Mesh/ On Mesh application.

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Step 1. Create a New Database

Create a new database called mesh_on_mesh.db and set the new model preferences. a. Click on the File New icon. b. Enter mesh_on_mesh for the file name and click OK. c. Select the Based on Model toggle under Tolerance. d. Make sure that the Analysis Code and Analysis Type are set to MSC.Nastran and Structural, respectively. e. Click OK.

d e b

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Step 2. Import MSC.Patran neutral file

Import the MSC.Patran neutral file called non_cong_surfs.out. a. File/Import b. Change Source: to Neutral and select the file, non_cong_surfs.out. c. Click Apply. d. Click Yes for both messages that appear. e. Click the Front view icon.

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Step 2. Import MSC.Patran neutral file (Cont.)

Shown below is the model geometry

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Step 3. Create 2D Tri Element Meshes

A single 2D congruent mesh that is coincident the surfaces is needed. First, IsoMesh all the surfaces using tri3 elements. a. Elements : Create / Mesh / Surface. b. Set Elem. Shape, Mesher, and Topology to Tria, IsoMesh, and Tria3, respectively. c. Under Surface List select the entire model by dragging a box around it. d. Remove check from Automatic Calculation, and enter 5.0 for Global Edge Length. e. Click Apply.

c d e

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Step 4. Sew the Elements

Equivalence and create tri elements by sewing the mesh. a. Elements : Modify / Mesh / Sew. b. Enter 5.0 for the Target Element Edge Length. c. Under Tria Element List select the entire model by dragging a box around it, and click Apply.

a b c

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Step 4. Sew the Elements (Cont.)

Check the free edges of the model to see if the sewing technique worked. a. Elements : Verify / Element / Boundaries. b. Set the Display Type to Free Edges. c. Click Apply. d. Click the Reset Graphics button.

a b d c

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Step 5. Re-sew the Elements

Undo and repeat the sew command, using a different Target Element Edge Length. a. Click on the Undo icon. b. Elements : Modify / Mesh Sew. c. Enter 20.0 for the Target Element Edge Length. d. Under Tria Element List select the entire model. e. Click Apply.

b c d e

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Step 5. Re-sew the Elements (Cont.)

Check the free edges of the model to see if the sewing technique worked. a. Elements : Verify / Element / Boundaries. b. Set the Display Type to Free Edges. c. Click Apply. d. Click on the Reset Graphics button. There are no element free edges internal to the mesh. This tri mesh is not acceptable for performing a finite element analysis. However, it is acceptable for using the MSC.Patran Mesh/On Mesh capability to create a mesh that can be used to perform an analysis. PAT302, Workshop 4, June 2003 WS4-12

a b d c

Step 6. Create a Mesh Using the Mesh/On Mesh Tool

a
Use the Mesh/On Mesh tool to create a mesh that can be used for an analysis. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/ On Mesh. b. Select the checkbox for Delete Elements. c. Under 2D Elem List select the entire model. d. Enter 5 for Global Edge Length. e. Click Apply. f. Click on the Plot/Erase icon. g. Click on Erase under Geometry. h. Click on the Smooth Shaded icon.

c d

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Step 6. Create a Mesh Using the Mesh/On Mesh Tool (Cont.)

This mesh is too coarse. Therefore, it will be necessary to undo the previous step, and run the Mesh/On Mesh application again, this time with a smaller element size.

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Step 7. Create Another Mesh With the Mesh/On Mesh Tool

Undo the previous Mesh/On Mesh creation, and create a new one with a smaller element size. a. Click on the Undo icon. b. Elements: Create/Mesh/ On Mesh c. Make sure the Delete Elements toggle is on. d. Under 2D Elem List select the entire model. d. Enter 2.5 under Global Edge Length. f. Click Apply.

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Step 7. Create Another Mesh With the Mesh/On Mesh Tool (Cont.)

Although this mesh is much finer it still does not follow the original model geometry closely enough. It will be necessary to do another Mesh/On Mesh operation, with a slightly smaller element size and with control using 1D elements on some of the surface edges. The control on the edges is achieved by using 1D Bar2 elements shown in the following step.

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Step 8. Mesh Surface Edges With Bar2 Elements

Undo the mesh created by the Mesh/ On Mesh application, and re-mesh using select edges with Bar2 elements. a. Click on the Undo icon. b. Click on the Plot/Erase icon. c. Click on Erase under FEM. d. Click on OK. e. Elements: Create/Mesh/ Curve. f. Change the Topology to Bar2. g. Under Curve List select the indicated curves(shown on next page) g. Remove the check for Automatic Calculation and enter 2.0 for Global Edge Length. i. Click Apply.

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Step 8. Mesh Surface Edges With Bar2 Elements (Cont.)

Illustrated here are the surface edges that are to be meshed with Bar2 elements. There are 26 edges. On the left the red arrows point to 8 of the edges. Below 18 of the edges are highlighted in orange.

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Step 8. Mesh Surface Edges With Bar2 Elements (Cont.)

The Bar2 elements are shown in yellow

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Step 9. Create the Final Mesh

Use the Mesh/On Mesh application to create a final mesh that should follow the geometry. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/On Mesh. b. Make sure the Delete Elements toggle is on. c. Click Feature Selection d. Under Soft Bars select all the 1D bar elements. e. OK f. Under 2D Elem List select the entire model. g. Enter 2.0 for Global Edge Length. h. Click on Apply. i. Click on the Plot/Erase icon. j. Click on Erase under Geometry. k. Click on the Smooth Shaded icon.

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Step 9. Create the Final Mesh (Cont.)

Illustrated here is the final mesh created by the Mesh/On Mesh application. Observe how the mesh follows the model geometry far better than for the previous meshes.

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PAT302, Workshop 4, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 5 MID-SURFACE CREATION SIMPLE BRACKET

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PAT302, Workshop 5, June 2003

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MID-SURFACE SIMPLE BRACKET

Problem Description

Produce a mid-surface model from an imported simple bracket. First use the manual mid-surface option. Second use the automatic mid-surface option. See the difference between manual and automatic mid-surface generation for the same part. Determine how and where additional surface editing is needed when using the manual mid-surface.

Workshop Objectives

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MID-SURFACE SIMPLE BRACKET

General outline for manual mid-surface creation

Import the Parasolid file MS_bracket.xmt_txt. Geometry: Create/Surface/Midsurface

z z

Using the Manual mode create a mid-surface for the solid bracket Three separate midsurfaces must be created, one corresponding to each plate of the bracket

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MID-SURFACE SIMPLE BRACKET

General outline for manual mid-surface creation (continued)

Geometry: Edit/Surface/Break
z

Use the Surface option to break the mid-surfaces where they intersect. Delete the unneeded mid-surface fragments(sliver surfaces). Extra surfaces from Break Final mid-surfaces

Geometry: Delete/Surface
z

Overlap of mid-surfaces

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MID-SURFACE SIMPLE BRACKET

General outline for automatic mid-surface creation

Close the current database and create a new one Import the Parasolid file MS_bracket.xmt_txt. Using the automatic mode create a mid-surface for the solid bracket.
z

Note: The bracket walls are 0.1 inch thick. A workable range for the Max. Thickness is 0.1 to 1.0 inch.

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WORKSHOP 6 MID-SURFACE EXTRACTION WING SECTION

3D Parasolid Solids

2D Surfaces

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PAT302, Workshop 6, June 2003

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

Problem Description
The design department has produced a solid model of an aircraft wing section.

The task is to extract mid-surfaces from the solid model, preparing for shell meshing.
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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

The solid model consists of five individual solids as shown in the exploded view.

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

The model of the wing section is shown without the upper wing skin.

Rib (3)

Rib cap (6)

Rib stiffener (9)

Lower wing skin

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

Idealization
Replace the solid geometry with surface geometry. Mesh the surfaces to create plate elements. Mesh the edges of surfaces to create bar elements.
Wing skins and ribs are modeled using plate elements

Rib stiffeners and rib caps are modeled using bar elements

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps
Import the Parasolid model file wing_section.xmt_txt

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued) Five parasolid solids

Rib Solids, Solid 1:3 Skin Solids, Solid 4:5

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Create rib surfaces
They will be the length(X-direction) of the ribs

Rib
1 Solid Face List Offset Solid Face List Solid 1.5 Solid 1.7 2 Solid 2.5 Solid 2.7 3 Solid 3.5 Solid 3.7

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Create rib stiffener surfaces
They will be the width(Z-direction) of the ribs

1 Solid Face List Offset Solid Face List Solid 1.32 Solid 1.33

2 Solid 1.36 Solid 1.37

3 Solid 1.40 Solid 1.41

4 Solid 2.32 Solid 2.33

5 Solid 2.36 Solid 2.37

6 Solid 2.40 Solid 2.41

7 Solid 3.32 Solid 3.33

8 Solid 3.36 Solid 3.37

9 Solid 3.40 Solid 3.41

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Created rib and rib stiffener surfaces

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Use the manual or automatic mode to extract mid-surfaces from the wing skin solids.
Solid Face List: Solid 4.6 5.6 Offset Solid Face List: Solid 4.1 5.1

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
There is a gap between the top or bottom of the rib/rib stiffener surfaces and the wing skin surfaces. It is 0.050 inch which is half of the wing skin thickness. Wing skin surface

Gap Rib stiffener surface Rib surface

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Only simple (green) surfaces can be extended. MSC.Patran will automatically attempt to convert complex (magenta) surfaces into green surfaces before performing the surface extend operation. In cases where the automatic conversion fails, a manual surface refit may be required using Geometry: Edit/Surface/Refit.

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Extend the rib stiffener surfaces to the wing skin surfaces to eliminate those gaps. Do not break the wing skin surfaces during the extend operation.

Extend rib stiffener surface at both ends

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Extend the rib surfaces to the wing skin surfaces to eliminate those gaps. Do not break the wing skin surfaces during the extend operation.

Extend rib surface at both top and bottom

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Use the rib stiffener surfaces to break the rib surfaces. The rib surface edges resulting from this operation can be meshed with bar elements to represent the stiffeners. Delete the rib stiffener surfaces.

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Extend the wing skin surfaces 4.5 inches in the span direction.
Notice that MSC.Patran automatically refits the magenta surfaces to green surfaces. Note that the surface extension retains the contour of the surface.

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
For a further demonstration of the Surface Extend tool, use the extend by percentage to lengthen the cord of the wing skin by 10% in anticipation of front and rear spars.

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

General outline of workshop steps (continued)
Finally associate the upper and lower rib surface edges with the wing skin surfaces. This will enforce congruent meshes between the ribs and wing skins.

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MID-SURFACE WING SECTION

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PAT302, Workshop 6, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 7 MID-PLANE MESHER

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PAT302, Workshop 7, June 2003

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MID-PLANE MESHER

Problem Description

Create a 2D mesh inside the sheet metal clip solid using Midplane Mesh. Create a 2D mesh using a midsurface extracted from the sheet metal clip solid . Compare the mesh obtained from the two methods.

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MID-PLANE MESHER

Create a 2D mesh using Midplane Mesh

Import the Parasolid solid model clip.xmt Determine the solid dimensions so can estimate the value of the global edge length. Use Geometry: Show/Point/Distance. Use the mid-plane mesher to create a 2D mesh in the solid.
z z z

Tools/Pre Release/Midplane Mesh Input List: Solid 1 Use GEL of 2.50 inches

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MID-PLANE MESHER

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MID-PLANE MESHER

Create a 2D mesh using extracted mid-surfaces

Geometry: Transform/Solid/Translate, Translation Vector: <0 75 0> to make a copy of the original solid. Create a group called mid_surface, and make it current Geometry: Create/Surface/Midsurface
z

Select Automatic option and enter 3.0 for Max. Thickness

Post the group mid_surface

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MID-PLANE MESHER

Create a 2D mesh using extracted mid-surfaces (continued)

Elements: Create/Mesh/Surface
z z z

Mesher: Paver Surface List: select all surfaces in group mid_surface GEL: 2.50

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MID-PLANE MESHER

Compare the two 2D meshes

Post both groups default_group and mid_surface Erase the geometry, displaying only the FEM Look at each meshed model carefully and note the differences

Meshed extracted mid-surfaces

Midplane mesh

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MID-PLANE MESHER

Compare the two 2D meshes (continued)

Elements: Verify/Quad/Skew

Midplane mesh PAT302, Workshop 7, June 2003 WS7-9

Meshed extracted mid-surfaces

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WORKSHOP 8 MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

Problem Description

The lifting rig model has several areas where elements are not connected where they should be connected. Repair the model by moving/ aligning several nodes and using Finite Elements: Create/Mesh/ On Mesh.

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

General outline of analysis steps

Import the MSC.Nastran model file lifting_rig.bdf Display element free edges
Shown here is a plot of the element free edges. Note three areas where there are unwanted free edges. They are labeled as Region 1, 2, and 3.

Region 3 Region 2 Region 1

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D
Again, note three areas where the elements are not connected where they need to be. As before they are labeled as Region 1, 2, and 3. Each of these regions are to be repaired one at a time.

Region 2

Region 3

Region 1
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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

General outline of analysis steps (continued)

For Region 1 align the nodes of the 2D mesh to the nodes of the 3D mesh
z

Finite Elements: Modify/Node/Move.

Align as many of the nodes between the two meshes as possible

Equivalence the model. Region 1

Note that the nodes here are now aligned.

Before

After

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

General outline of analysis steps (continued)

Next use Finite Elements: Create/Mesh/On Mesh to finish fixing the mesh.
z z z z

Finite Elements: Create/Mesh/On Mesh Click on the Delete Elements toggle Change Seed Option to Existing Boundary Click on Feature Selection

Select Boundary Seeds, then unmatched nodes as indicated on next page.

z z

Under 2D Elem List select several rows of elements as indicated on next page. Specify the GEL as 0.2 Click on Apply

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D
Region 1

Select unmatched nodes as Boundary Seeds

Using polygon pick to select these 2D elements. Use enclose any portion of entity.
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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

General outline of analysis steps (continued) Region 1 repaired

Region 1

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

General outline of analysis steps (continued) Repair Regions 2 and 3 using the same technique that was used for Region 1

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D
General outline of analysis steps (continued) Region 2 repaired

Region 2

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D

General outline of analysis steps (continued) Region 3 repaired

Region 3

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MESH ON MESH 2D TO 3D
General outline of analysis steps (continued) Free edge plot

The free edge plot indicates that the cracks have now been eliminated. PAT302, Workshop 8, June 2003 WS8-13

PAT302, Workshop 8, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 9 HEX MESH USING SWEEP VECTOR

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PAT302, Workshop 9, June 2003

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Problem Description
This exercise involves importing curve geometry from an IGES file. The curves are used to create other curves. From the curves trimmed surfaces are created The trimmed surfaces are Paver meshed. For the meshing, lists(e.g. `lista`) are used for the list of surfaces. An IsoMesh is created using two parallel opposing curves. Prior to meshing select surface edges and curves are mesh seeded to force the desired mesh size in select regions. Finally, the 2D quadralateral elements are swept to create 3D hexahedral elements. Some 2D elements are extruded using a constant sweep vector, e.g. <x y z>. Other elements are swept using a previously created vector field.

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Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20.

Create a new database. Import the IGES file with curves. Create a curve to intersect two curves. Break two vertical curves for side of model. Break the breaking curve. Change the geometric shrink. Create a group for a quarter of the model. Break a fillet curve. Display trimmed surface label for subsequent trimmed surface creation. Create curves for trimmed surface creation. Create trimmed surfaces. Create mesh seeds on select surface edges. Create the meshes for the surfaces. Create lists for sweeping to create solid elements. Create solid element meshes by sweeping. Create a spatial vector field. Create the remainder of the solid elements by sweeping using a vector field. Display of all the solid elements. Look for element free edges Quit MSC.PATRAN.
WS9-4

PAT302, Workshop 9, June 2003

Step 1. Create a New Database

a

d
Create a new database called con_rod.db. a. File/New. b. Enter con_rod.db for File name. c. Click on OK. d. Under the New Model Preferences select Based on Model for the Tolerance. e. Enter 200 for Approximate Maximum Model Dimension. f. Select MSC.Nastran for Analysis Code. g. Select Structural for Analysis Type. h. Click on OK.

e f b c h g

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Step 2. Import the IGES File With Curves

a c

d
Import the IGES file. a. File/Import b. Set the Object and Source to Model and IGES, respectively. c. Find and select con_rod_new.igs for File name. d. Click on Apply. e. Click OK when the import summary appears.

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Step 3. Create a Curve to Intersect Two Curves

Create a solid hex mesh for the lower right quarter of the model. To do this the geometry model must be edited. First, create a curve to intersect a section of the model. a. Geometry : Create/Curve/ XYZ. b. Enter <60 0 0> for Vector Coordinates List. c. Enter [0 125 0] for Origin Coordinates List. d. Click on Apply.

Use this curve to break the two curves that it intersects.

b c d

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Step 4. Break two Vertical Curves for Side

Break two vertical curves(Curve 27, 28) using the curve just created(Curve 43). a. Zoom into model as indicated. b. Geometry: Edit/Curve/Break. c. Select Point for Option. d. Select Delete Original Curves and Auto Execute. e. Select Curve 27 for Curve List. f. Under Break Point List select the Curve intersect icon, then Curve icon in the Select Menu Bar.

c d e h

g. Select Curve 27, then the intersecting curve, Curve 43. h. Reply Yes when asked to delete original curves. i. Repeat the steps for curve 28, using curve 28 for Curve List, and the same intersecting curve.

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Step 5. Break the Breaking Curve

Now break horizontal curve, Curve 43, at the point created at an intersection. a. Select Delete Original Curves and Auto Execute. b. Select Curve 43 for Curve List. c. Select the point at intersection between Curve 43 and Curve 45 for Break Point List. d. Click Yes when ask to delete the original curves.

Point at Intersection

Curve 43

b c

d
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Step 5. Break the Breaking Curve (Cont.)

Delete the curve to the right of the break point. a. Set Action and Object to Delete and Curve, respectively. b. Select Curve 49 for Curve List. c. Click on Apply.

a Break point b Delete

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Step 6. Change the Geometric Shrink

a

b
Use the geometric shrink to make picking the entities easier. a. Display: Geometry b. Using the slidebar set the Geometric Shrink to 0.20. c. Click on Apply, then Cancel. d. Go to Front view.

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Step 7. Create a Group for a Quarter of the Model

a
Create a group called quarter_model that is to contain the geometry in the lower right quarter of the model. a. Group: Create/Select Entity. b. Enter quarter_model for New Group Name. c. Select Make Current and Unpost All Other Groups. d. Select entities in the lower right corner as indicated. Make sure to include the points. Set the picking preference to Enclose entire entity. e. Click Apply, then Cancel. f. Display/Geometry g. Change the geometric shrink back to 0.0. h. Click Apply, then Cancel.

b c

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Step 8. Break a Fillet Curve

Break Curve 33 using the parametric option. a. Turn on the curve labels, and increase point size. b. Geometry: Edit/Curve/Break. c. Set Option to Parametric. d. Enter 0.5 for Break Point. e. Select Delete Original Curves and Auto Execute. f. Select Curve 33 for Curve List. g. Click Yes when asked to delete the original curve. h. Turn on the point labels, and turn off curve labels.

b Curve 33 c d e f

g
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Step 9. Display Trimmed Surface Label for Creation

a

Throughout the following steps several curves will be created, and they will be used in the creation of trimmed surfaces. a. Display/Entity Color/Label/Render b. Select Label for Tsurf. c. Click on Apply then Cancel.

Note that there are no surfaces. Once they have been created the labels will appear.

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Step 10. Create Curves for Trimmed Surfaces

Now, create 5 curves in order to create surfaces. a. Geometry: Create/Curve/ Point. b. Select 2 Point for Option. c. Select Auto Execute. d. Under Starting Point List select Point 47. e. Under Ending Point List select Point 46. f. Below is a table listing the starting and ending points for all five curves:

b d e

Curve First Curve Second Curve Third Curve Fourth Curve Fifth Curve

Starting Point Point 47 Point 44 Point 17 Point 48 Point 6

Ending Point Point 46 Point 17 Point 3 Point 2 Point 4

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Step 11. Create Trimmed Surfaces

Turn off the point labels, turn on the curve labels, turn on the surface labels, and create trimmed surfaces. a. Turn off point labels, turn on curve labels, and turn on surface labels. b. Geometry: Create/Surface/ Trimmed. c. Select Planar for Option. d. Click on Auto Chain e. Select Current Group Only and Highlight Chain Creation. f. Deselect Delete Constituent Curves. g. Select Auto Execute. h. Select Curve 26 for Select a Start Curve. i. Click on the OK and Next buttons as needed. j. Cancel.

g b h

c d

e f i i

Chained curve

The goal is to create a chained curve(see above), then a trimmed surface. Use the Next button to select a different path, and the OK button to accept the current path. WS9-16

PAT302, Workshop 9, June 2003

Step 11. Create Trimmed Surfaces (Cont.)

Create the first trimmed surface. a. Geometry: Create/Surface/ Trimmed. b. Select Planar for Option. c. Outer Loop List: select the chained curve just created, e.g. Curve 56. d. Apply.

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Step 11. Create Trimmed Surfaces (Cont.)

Continue creating the trimmed surfaces. a. Repeat the steps to create the two remaining trimmed surfaces.

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Step 12. Create Mesh Seeds on Surface Edges

Create mesh seeds spaced uniformly along several edges. a. Turn on the curve labels. b. Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/ Uniform. c. Select Number of Elements. d. Enter 3 for Number. e. Select the two curves/edges under Curve List. f. Click on Apply. g. Repeat the previous steps to create a mesh seed with 5 elements on the indicated curves/edges.

c d g 5 elements each edge f

3 elements e each edge

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Step 12. Create Mesh Seeds on Surface Edges (Cont.)

a

Change the view to see the other curves/edges. a. Viewing: Angles b. Select Model Absolute for Method. c. Enter 55.0 5.0 0.0 for Angles. d. Click Apply, then Cancel. e. Zoom in on the indicated area.

c d

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Step 12. Create Mesh Seeds on Surface Edges (Cont.)

Create mesh seeds on additional edges using one way bias a. Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/ One Way Bias. b. Select Num Elems and L2/L1. c. Enter 3 under Number. d. Enter 2 under L2/L1. e. Select Auto Execute. f. Select Curve 10 11 for Curve List. g. Change the L2/L1 to 0.5. h. Select Curve 9 12 for Curve List. i. Change to Front view and turn off all labels. j. Use Fit view.

b c d

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Step 12. Create Mesh Seeds on Surface Edges (Cont.)

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Step 13. Create Meshes for the Surfaces

Create meshes for the surfaces. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/ Surface. b. Set Mesher to Paver. c. Enter Surface 1:3 for Surface List. d. Deselect Automatic Calcuation and enter 5.0 for Global Edge Length. e. Click on Apply.

c d e

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Step 13. Create Meshes For the Surfaces (Cont.)

Mesh the remaining surface area using the 2 Curves option. a. Zoom in on indicated area, and turn on the curve labels. b. Set Type to 2 Curves. c. Enter Curve 1 11 12 for Curve 1 List. d. Enter Curve 2 10 9 for Curve 2 List. e. Enter 5.0 for Global Edge Length. f. Click on Apply. g. Click on Fit view and turn off the curve labels.

b a

c d

e f
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Step 13. Create Meshes For the Surfaces (Cont.)

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Step 14. Create Lists for Sweeping to Create Solid Elements

a

b
Create two lists. The first containing the elements associated with the connecting rod inner web, and the other containing the remaining elements associated with the other surfaces. a. Tools/List/Create b. Set the Model, Object, and Method to FEM, Element, and Association, respectively. c. Select Surface under Association. d. Select Surface 3 under Surface. e. Select A for the Target List. f. Click on Apply. g. Select Surfaces 1 & 2 for Surface. h. Change the Target List to B. i. Click on Apply, then Cancel.

c d g

e f

h i

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Step 15. Create Solid Element Meshes by Sweeping

Create solid element meshes by sweeping the surface meshes. a. Elements: Sweep/ Element/Extrude. b. Click on Mesh Control.. c. Enter 2 under Number. d. Click on OK. e. Enter <0 0 10> for Direction Vector. f. Select Delete Original Elements. g. Enter `lista` for Base Entity List. h. Click on Apply.

c b d e

The extruded elements can be easily viewed using the Iso 1 view.

g h
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Step 15. Create Solid Element Meshes by Sweeping (Cont.)

f

Extrude the remaining surface elements. a. Elements: Sweep/Element/ Extrude. b. Under Mesh Control enter 4 under Number, and click OK. c. Enter <0 0 20> for Direction Vector. d. Select Delete Original Elements. e. Enter `listb` for Base Entity List. f. Click on Apply. g. Click on the Smooth shaded icon.

e f
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Step 16. Create a Spatial Vector Field

a
Create a spatial vector field for extruding the remaining surface elements. a. Fields: Create/Spatial/PCL Function. b. Enter direction_vector for Field Name. c. Select Vector for Field Type. d. Enter 0 for First Component. e. Enter 0 for Second Component. f. Enter 20.0-Z for Third Component. g. Click on Apply. h. Set the display back to wire frame, and select Front view.

b c

d e f

g
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Step 17. Create the Remainder of the Solid Elements

Create the remaining solid elements by sweeping the remaining surface elements using the vector field. a. Elements: Sweep/Element/Vector Field. b. Under Mesh Control set Number to 4, and click OK. c. Enter direction_vector for Field Name. d. Select Delete Original Elements. e. Select the remaining 2D elements, that have not been swept, for Base Entity List. f. Click on Apply. g. Go to Iso 1 view.

d e f

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Step 18. All the Solid Elements

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Step 19. Look for Element Free Edges

Check the element free edges of the model, equivalence, then check the free edges again. a. Elements: Verify/Element/ Boundaries. b. Click Apply. c. Elements: Equivalence/All/ Tolerance Cube. d. Click Apply. e. Verify the free edges again by repeating Steps a and b.

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Step 19. Look for Element Free Edges (Cont.)

a

Change the display to hidden line while still in the verify mode. a. Click on the Hidden line icon.

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Step 20. Quit MSC.Patran

a

Quite MSC.PATRAN. a. File : Close.

This ends this exercise.

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WORKSHOP 10 HEX VS TET SOLID ELEMENT MESH

VS

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Problem Description
This workshop is for creating a tetrahedral and hexahedral element mesh for a geometric solid. The tetrahedral mesh can be created quickly and easily using the standard tet mesher TetMesh. Creating the hexahedral mesh involves doing much more work. The task involves dividing the geometry into two parts. Groups are used to segregate the parts. The hex mesh for the first part is created by creating a combination of IsoMesh and Paver meshes, then sweeping them to create the hex solid elements. The hex elements for the second part are created by using the mesher IsoMesh. First, the blue colored parametric solids must be created. The techniques used are simple. There is one difficulty associated with creating two solids; they are very skewed, and this affects the meshing. The hex element meshes are combined, and the continuity of them is investigated.
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Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3.

4. 5. 6.

7.

8. 9. 10. 11.

Create a database. Import a parasolid file with single solid. Create a tet mesh using TetMesh; the quality of the elements is looked at. Close the database, and create a new one. Import the parasolid file again. Disassemble the solid and remove the unwanted surface vertices. As finding all of the vertices can become an arduous task delete the surfaces and solid, and import a different model file with already prepared surfaces. Create a plane to break the surfaces into two groups, then break the surfaces with the plane. After breaking the surfaces place each set into a different group. Begin with the base model, and create a parametric surface to fill the hole. Create mesh seeds for first two surfaces Create Quad4 elements, at the base, to be swept.
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Suggested Exercise Steps (continued)

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24.

Create Hex8 Elements by Sweeping Quad4s at the base. Create Seeds, IsoMesh, Then Sweep to Hex8s. Create Mesh Seeds in Preparation for Paver Mesh. Create Paver Mesh Using Seeds. Complete Sweeping Quads to Create Hexs. Delete Quad Elements and Connect Hex Elements. Post Group Top With Surfaces for creating parametric Solids. Create Parametric Solids From parametric Surfaces. Create Curves to be Used for Creating Surfaces. Create Parametric Surfaces From Curves. Create Parametric Solids From Surfaces. Display Both Parts of the Model. Create Mesh Seeds to force Congruent Hex Meshes.
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Suggested Exercise Steps (continued)

25. 26. 27.

Create Hex Meshes for the Top Part of Model. Connect Hexs in Top Part of Model. Determine Quality of Hex Mesh.

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Step 1. Create a Database

Create a new database. a. File/New. b. Enter tet as the file name. c. Click OK. d. Choose Based on Model for Tolerance. e. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f. Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g. Click OK.

e f b c

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Step 2. Import Parasolid File

Import the parasolid.xmt file. a. File / Import. b. Change the Source to Parasolid.xmt. c. Select part.xmt. d. Click on Apply. e. Click on OK when the import summary appears.

e
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Step 3. Create a TetMesh Mesh

a
TetMesh the solid. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/Solid. b. Set Elem Shape to Tet. c. Set Mesher to TetMesh. d. Under Input List select Solid 1. e. Under Global Edge Length enter 5.0. f. Click Apply. g. Change to Iso 3 view and Smooth shaded.

b c

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Step 3. Create a TetMesh Mesh (Cont.)

Test

Number Failed 0 3020 3381 0 131 5 0 0

Worst Case Max = 4.0146294 Max = 77.154922 Max = 80.138222 Min = 0.063722752 Max = 0.26516628 Max = 0.33153021 Max = 9.2409439 Min = 0.20035997

At Element 6420 4599 6420 6420 3033 5181 3623 2050

a
Check the quality of the elements a. Elements: Verify/ Tet/All. b. Click on Apply.
Aspect Edge Angle Face Skew Collapse

This method was straightforward and quite simple. It can be observed that 6420 Tet10 Elements were created.

Normal Offset Tangent Offset Jacobian Ratio Jacobian Zero

b
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Step 4. Close the DB and Create a new DB

Create a database and specify the New Model Preferences. a. File/Close. b. File/New c. Enter hex8 as the file name. d. Click OK. e. Choose Based on Model for Tolerance. f. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. g. Select Structural as the Analysis Type. h. Click OK.

f g c d h

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Step 5. Import the Parasolid File Again

Import the parasolid file part.xmt. a. File/Import. b. Select part.xmt. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on OK when the import summary appears.

d
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Step 6. Disassemble the Parasolid Solid

a
Prepare the solid so that a hex mesh can be created. Start by disassembling the parasolid. a. Geometry: Edit/Solid/ Disassemble. b. For Solid List select Solid 1. c. Click on Apply. d. Select Yes when asked to delete the original solids. e. Click on the Label Control icon and turn on the surface labels.

b c

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Step 6. Disassemble the Parasolid Solid (Cont.)

Note that the surfaces are trimmed (indicated by the magenta lines). Where possible create parametric surfaces(green) from trimmed surfaces. To do this do: a. Geometry: Create/Surface/Curve b. Geometry: Edit/Surface/ Remove Vertex It may be difficult to remove all the vertices that should be because of the difficulty in identifying them. Therefore, delete the model and import an IGES file with all the surfaces already edited. c. Delete the model. d. File/Import e. Change the Source to IGES. f. Select the file surfaces.igs. g. Click on Apply.

a
Surfaces from surfaces.igs

In order to simplify the exercise the newly imported surfaces are already edited.

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Step 7. Create a Plane to Break the Surfaces

Break the surfaces to create two regions for creating hex8 elements. A plane * is used to break the surfaces. a. Geometry: Create/Plane/ 3 Points. b. For Point 1 List select Point 17. c. For Point 2 List select Point 18. d. For Point 3 List select Point 5.

b c d

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Step 7. Create a Plane to Break the Surfaces (Cont.)

Break the surfaces with the newly created plane. a. Geometry: Edit/Surface/ Break. b. Option: Plane. c. Surface List: select all surfaces. d. Break Plane List: select Plane 1. e. Select Yes for All when asked to delete original surfaces.

c d

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Step 8. Place each set of Surfaces Into Different Groups

a

Create two groups for different regions of the model. Start with the base region of the model. a. Group/Create. b. For New Group Name enter base. c. Check Unpost All Other Groups. d. Go to Preferences/Picking and change the Rectangle/Polygon Picking to Enclose entire entity e. Change to the Right side view f. For Entity Selection include the surfaces shown in the figure. g. Click on Apply.

b c

f g
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Step 8. Place each set of Surfaces Into Different Groups (Cont.)

Shown here is the base region of the model. The entities in the two regions of the model are to be placed in different groups to facilitate meshing.

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Step 8. Place each set of Surfaces Into Different Groups (Cont.)

b

Post the group default_group and create a group for the remaining region of the model. a. Post the group default_group. b. Group/Create. c. For the New Group Name enter top. d. Check Unpost All Other Groups. e. Go to Preferences/Picking and change the Rectangle/Polygon Picking to Enclose any portion of entity f. Switch to the Right side view and under Entity Selection include the surfaces shown in the figure. g. Click on Apply.

c d

f g
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Step 8. Place each set of Surfaces Into Different Groups (Cont.)

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Step 9. Create a Parametric Surface to Fill Hole

c
Enclose the base region with surfaces by creating a parametric surface where the plane is. a. Post the group base. b. Go to the Iso 1 view. c. Geometry: Create/ Surface/Curve. d. Set the Option to 2 Curve. e. Under Starting Curve List select Surface 22.3. f. Under Ending Curve List select Surface 13.2.

e f

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Step 10. Create Mesh Seeds for First two Surfaces

Create a mesh seed for the base so that a quad mesh can be applied(The quad mesh will later be swept to create a hex8 mesh). a. Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/ Uniform. b. Enter 9 for the Number. c. For Curve List select Surface 13.1. d. Set the Number to 3 and select Surface 26.1 for the Curve List. e. Set the Number to 4 and select Surface 26.2 and Surface 8.4 for the Curve List.

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Step 11. Create Quad4 Elements to be Swept

Mesh a surface using the Paver. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/ Surface. b. Set Elem Shape to Quad. c. Set Mesher to Paver. d. Set Topology to Quad4. e. For Surface List select Surface 13. f. Remove the check for Automatic Calculation, and enter 3.0 for the Global Edge Length. g. Click on Apply.

b c d

f g
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Step 11. Create Quad4 Elements to be Swept (Cont.)

Mesh another surface using IsoMesh. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/ Surface. b. Set Elem Shape to Quad. c. Set Mesher to IsoMesh. d. Set Topology to Quad4. e. For Surface List select Surface 26. f. Remove the check for Automatic Calculation, and enter 3.0 for the Global Edge Length. g. Click on Apply.

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Step 11. Create Quad4 Elements to be Swept (Cont.)

Here are the surface meshes for part of the base. The meshes will be swept to create a hex mesh for the base part of the model.

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Step 12. Create Hex8 Elements by Sweeping Quad4s

Sweep the surface meshes to the first section. a. Elements : Sweep/ Element/Extrude. b. Under Mesh Control, enter 3 for Number. c. Click on OK. d. Select on Direction Vector and select the Tip and base points icon. Then, select Tip and Base points as shown in the figure. e. For selecting the Base Entity List entities use the Meshed entity icon, then the Meshed Surface icon. f. Select Surfaces 13 and 26 for the Base Entity List. g. Click on Apply.

e g

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Step 12. Create Hex8 Elements by Sweeping Quad4s (Cont.)

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Step 12. Create Hex8 Elements by Sweeping Quad4s (Cont.)

Sweep the free faces of the hex elements to the next section. a. Elements : Sweep/Element/ Extrude. b. Enter 1 for Number under Mesh Control, and click OK. c. Click on Direction Vector and select on Tip and base points icon. Then, select Tip and Base points as shown in the figure. d. Go to Preferences/Picking and select Enclose entire entity. e. Change to Right side view and click on the Elements face icon. f. Under Base Entity List select the element faces as shown in the figure. g. Click Apply.

f f

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Step 12. Create Hex8 Elements by Sweeping Quad4s (Cont.)

The elements have been swept twice to create the model illustrated below. Note that the nodes line up as they should.

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Step 13. Create Seeds, IsoMesh, Then Sweep to Hex8s

a
IsoMesh the surface in a corner (Surface 18) to create elements that will be swept. First, because of the curvature(90 degree bend) it is necessary to create mesh seeds. a. Switch to the Iso 1 view and zoom into Surface 18. b. Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/ Uniform. c. Enter 4 for the Number. d. For Curve List select Surface 7.2.

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Step 13. Create Seeds, IsoMesh, Then Sweep to Hex8s (Cont.)

Mesh another surface using IsoMesh, then sweep the elements created. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/ Surface. b. Set Elem Shape to Quad. c. Set Mesher to IsoMesh. d. Set Topology to Quad4. e. For Surface List select Surface 18. f. Remove the check for Automatic Calculation, and enter 3.0 for the Global Edge Length. g. Click on Apply. h. Now, sweep the mesh just created Elements: Sweep/Element/ Extrude. Enter 1 for Number under Mesh Control, and click OK. Click on Direction Vector and select on Tip and base points icon. Then, select Tip and Base points as shown in the figure.

i. j.

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Step 13. Create Seeds, IsoMesh, Then Sweep to Hex8s (Cont.)

Finish sweeping the elements. a. Elements : Sweep/ Element/Extrude. b. For selecting the Base Entity List entities use the Meshed entity icon, then the Meshed Surface icon. c. Select Surface 18 for the Base Entity List. d. Click on Apply.

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Step 14. Create Mesh Seeds in Preparation for Paver Mesh

Paver mesh Surface 12 so that the mesh can be swept to create hex elements for part of the base. The mesh to be created must match that already created by sweeping. Mesh seed are to be created using existing nodes. a. Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/ Tabular. b. For the Coordinate Type select Node and Point. c. Under the Nodes or Points List select the Nodes as shown in the figure. d. Select Surface 12.2 under Curve List. e. Click on Apply.

c c

d d e

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Step 14. Create Mesh Seeds in Preparation for Paver Mesh (Cont.)

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Step 15. Create Paver Mesh Using Seeds

Mesh the surface where one of its edges was just seeded. a. Elements : Create/Mesh/ Surface. b. For Elem Shape select Quad. c. For Mesher select Paver. d. For Topology select Quad4. e. Select Surface 12 for Surface List. f. Use 3.0 for Global Edge Length g. Click on Apply.

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Step 15. Create Paver Mesh Using Seeds (Cont.)

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Step 16. Complete Sweeping Quads to Create Hexs

Complete sweeping element faces and 2D quad elements to the side of the model. a. Elements: Sweep/Element/ Extrude. b. Go to Mesh Control and enter 8 for Number, and click OK. c. Click on Direction Vector and select on Tip and Base points icon. Then, select the Tip and Base points as shown in the figure. d. Under Base Entity List click on the Elements Face icon. e. Switch the view to Top view, and select the elements as indicated. f. Click on Apply.

c c

e
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Step 16. Complete Sweeping Quads to Create Hexs (Cont.)

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Step 16. Complete Sweeping Quads to Create Hexs (Cont.)

Complete sweeping 2D quad elements to the side of the model. a. Elements: Sweep/Element/ Extrude. b. Go to Mesh Control and enter 8 for Number, and click OK. c. Click on Direction Vector and select on Tip and Base points icon. Then, select the Tip and Base points as shown in the figure. d. Under Base Entity List click on the 2D element icon. e. Switch the view to Top view, and select the elements as indicated. f. Click on Apply.

d e
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Step 16. Complete Sweeping Quads to Create Hexs (Cont.)

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Step 17. Delete Quad Elements and Connect Hex Elements

Delete 2D elements, then equivalence. a. Elements: Delete/Element. b. Elements: Equivalence/All/Tolerance Cube.

Delete 2D Elements
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Equivalence

Step 17. Delete Quad Elements and Connect Hex Elements (Cont.)

Completed hex mesh for the base part of the model. Now, verify that all the hex elements are connected. a. Elements: Verify/Element/Boundaries Free Edges

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Step 18. Post Group Top With Surfaces for Blue Solids

Create parametric solids(blue) for the remainder of the model, and IsoMesh them with hex elements. Post the group top. a. Group/Post. b. Under Select Groups to Post select top. c. Click on Apply, then Cancel. d. Go to the Iso 1 view.

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Step 19. Create Parametric Solids From Surfaces

a
Create the first parametric solid using two surfaces a. Geometry: Create/Solid/ Surface. b. Set the Option to 2 Surface. c. Select Surface 23 for the Starting Surface List. d. Select Surface 3 for the Ending Surface List.

c d

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Step 19. Create Parametric Solids From Surfaces (Cont.)

a
Create the second solid. a. Geometry : Create/Solid/ Surface b. Select Surface 17 for the Starting Surface List. c. Select Surface 2 for the Ending Surface List. Solids 1 and 2 have been created.

b c

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Step 20. Create Curves to be Used for Creating Surfaces

a
To create the remaining solids it will be necessary to create some curves, surfaces from the curves, then solids from the surfaces. a. Geometry: Edit/Curve/ Break. b. Rotate the view to get the following view of the model. c. Set the Option to Parametric. d. Enter 0.7 for the Break Point. e. Select Surfaces 4.2 and 4.4 for the Curve List. f. Increase the point size.

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Step 20. Create Curves to be Used for Creating Surfaces (Cont.)

Break curves again to obtain all needed curves. a. Geometry: Edit/Curve/Break. b. Set the Option to Parametric. c. Set the Break Point to 0.5. d. Under Curve List select Curve 1 and 3. e. Click on Apply.

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Step 21. Create Parametric Surfaces From Curves

Create surfaces using the curves just created and previously existing surface or solid edges. a. Geometry: Create/Surface/ Curve. b. Option: 2 Curve. c. Select curves or edges for Starting Curve List and Ending Curve List.

Starting Curve List Surface 1.4 Surface 1.2 Solid 2.2.3 Solid 2.2.1 Surface 5.4 Surface 5.2

Ending Curve List Curve 2 Curve 4 Curve 6 Curve 8 Curve 5 Curve 7

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Step 22. Create Parametric Solids From Surfaces

Create the parametric solids. a. Geometry: Create/Solid/ Surface. b. Set Option to 2 Surface. c. Select the surfaces, as specified in the table, for Starting Surface List and Ending Surface List.

Starting Surface List Surface 27 Surface 29 Surface 31

Ending Surface List Surface 28 Surface 30 Surface 32

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Step 22. Create Parametric Solids From Surfaces (Cont.)

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Step 23. Both Parts of the Model

Post the group for the base and top portion of the model.

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Step 24. Create Mesh Seeds for Congruent Hex Meshes

IsoMesh the five new parametric solids. It is desired to have the hex mesh in Solid 1 and the base part of the model congruent. The fact that there is a 2D IsoMesh associated to Surface 26 should control the IsoMesh of Solid 1. However, Solid 1 is very distorted. This will prevent the mesh created in it from being closely congruent to the mesh on Surface 26. So, mesh seeds are to be created on the other two edges of Surface 26. a. Elements: Create/Mesh Seed/ Tabular. b. Select the Node and Point toggle. c. Select the nodes shown in the figure. It may be easier to select the nodes by erasing the five solids that were just created. See the next page.

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Step 24. Create Mesh Seeds for Congruent Hex Meshes (Cont.)

Continuation of creating mesh seed using tabular approach. a. Select the Node and Point toggle. b. Select the nodes shown in the figure. c. Select the two edges for Surface 26 indicated by the red lines. Surface 13 adjacent to Surface 26 so its edges will be picked. d. Before clicking Apply the tolerance needs to be changed because of the distorted shape of Solid 1. It is recommended to use 0.05 instead of the default 0.005. e. Apply.

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Step 25. Create Hex Meshes for Top Part of Model

IsoMesh the five new solids a. Elements: Create/Mesh/Solid b. Select Hex for Elem Shape c. Select IsoMesh for Mesher d. Under Solid List select Solid 1:5 e. Specify 3.0 for Global Edge Length f. Apply

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Step 25. Create Hex Meshes for Top Part of Model (Cont.)

IsoMesh issues an error message. Meshing Solid 1 with the constraint from the mesh on Surface 26, and the solids poor shape has caused the failure. This is seen on the next pages.

Solid 1.1.3

Solid 1.2.3
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Step 25. Create Hex Meshes for Top Part of Model (Cont.)

Copy the five solids, Solid 1:5, away from the model. Copy the mesh on Surface 26 to the end of Solid 6, and associate it to the end of the solid, Solid 6.3. IsoMesh all five solids, Solid 6:10. The same error message is issued as before. Delete the 2D mesh associated to the end of Solid 6, and IsoMesh all five solids. As can be seen all the solids were meshed. So, the mesh on Surface 26 is causing the problem. However, it is worth while to see that the shape of Solid 1 is related to the problem. This is shown on the next page.

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Step 25. Create Hex Meshes for Top Part of Model (Cont.)

Reintroduce the 2D mesh on the end of Solid 6. Then, extrude the same end of Solid 6 to create a parametric solid, Solid 11. IsoMesh Solid 11. The meshing succeeded. So, given Solid 1 as it is, the 2D mesh on Surface 26 is preventing the meshing from occurring. However, the shape of Solid 1, given the 2D mesh on Surface 26, is preventing the meshing from occurring. Is this the complete story ? Proceed to find out.

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Step 25. Create Hex Meshes for Top Part of Model (Cont.)
IsoMesh just Solid 1. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/Solid b. Select Hex for Elem Shape c. Select IsoMesh for Mesher d. Under Solid List select Solid 1 e. Specify 3.0 for Global Edge Length f. Apply So, Solid 1 meshed ! Try meshing other solids. g. h. i. j. k. l. Under Solid List select Solid 2 Specify 3.0 for Global Edge Length Apply Under Solid List select Solid 3:5 Specify 3.0 for Global Edge Length Apply So, the problem was related to Solid 1 and 2, and perhaps others.

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Step 26. Connect Hexs in Top Part of Model

Connect the hex elements. a. Elements: Equivalence/All/ Tolerance Cube b. This model has some possible problems, so set the equivalencing tolerance to 1.0. c. Apply

It is detected that the tolerance is > the smallest element edge. It is reset so it is slightly < the smallest element edge.

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Step 26. Connect Hexs in Top Part of Model (Cont.)

Determine if all the hex elements are connected. First look at element free edges. Then, look at element free faces. a. Elements: Verify/Element/Boundaries Free Edges a. Apply

b. Display just free faces using Display/Finite Elements Show Only Free Faces (In Wireframe)

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Step 26. Connect Hexs in Top Part of Model (Cont.)

Look for any free faces at just certain geometric interfaces. To do this create 2D quad elements on element free faces. a. Elements: Create/Element/Edit b. Shape: Quad c. Topology: Quad4 d. Pattern: Elem Face e. Select Free face of element picking icon f. Under Face select any desired hex element free faces g. Erase everything except the 2D quad elements just created. h. Rotate the model so that can see if there are any hex free faces where there shouldnt be.

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Step 27. Determine Quality of Hex Mesh

Completed hex mesh for model. Now, look at the quality of the elements. a. Elements: Verify/Hex/Face Warp b. Etc.

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Step 27. Determine Quality of Hex Mesh (Cont.)

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WORKSHOP 11 EDIT SOLID, BLADE

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

Problem Description
It is required to inspect geometry provided by a designer and decide what, if any, changes must be made before creating the finite element model. In this workshop it is required to suppress a small feature of the geometry which is not important to the stress analysis. After editing the geometry, solid mesh the new solid. The geometry that has to be modified is shown on the following slide.

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

Remove the hole shown in this detail

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

General outline of the steps to be performed
Import a Parasolid model file for a blade, blade_w_drill_point.X_T. Disassemble the Parasolid solid into surfaces.
Geometry: Edit/Solid/Disassemble

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General outline of the steps to be performed (continued)

Remove the small center hole (select the two edges that define the hole edge).
Geometry: Edit/Surface/Remove Hole
Select the two edges that define the edge of the hole Select the trimmed surface

SOLID EDITING BLADE

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

General outline of the steps to be performed (continued)
Delete the surfaces that define the cylinder hole(Surface 4, 9) and the cone(Surface 5, 6)

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

General outline of the steps to be performed (continued)
Assemble the remaining surfaces to create a B-rep solid.

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

General outline of the steps to be performed (continued)
Use Geometry: Show/Solid/Attributes to check such things as the solid volume and type

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SOLID EDITING BLADE

General outline of the steps to be performed (continued)
Mesh the solid
Finite Elements: Create/Mesh/Solid

Check element quality

Finite Elements: Verify/Tet/All

The hole in the geometric solid could have been eliminated using Geometry: Edit/Solid /Boolean Add to fill in the hole.

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WORKSHOP 12 ASSEMBLY MESHING, TENSION FITTING

2500 lb

PAT302, Workshop 12, June 2003

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PAT302, Workshop 12, June 2003

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Problem Description
A bathtub tension fitting analysis is required A 2500 lb axial load is transferred from the large bolt into the tension fitting. This load is reacted by three smaller bolts. Based on hand calculation it is expected that the stress gradient will be higher in the end pad area where the load causes plate bending. A finer mesh is required in this area The stress is expected to be lower away from the end pad area and therefore, a coarser mesh will suffice The fitting is made of Aluminum Alloy 7075-T7351 with an elastic modulus E = 10e6 psi and a Poissons ratio = 0.33

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

General Procedure
Create a new database and import the Parasolid XMT file bathtub.xmt. Create an annular solid face for the applied surface load by creating a primitive cylinder with a radius 0.4375 in. Imprint the cylinder onto the end pad area. Create a plane to break the solid into two parts, so that meshes with different densities can be created in each part of the model. Break the solid, then TetMesh the parts. Equivalence and look for any element free edges. Apply the total load to the annular solid face. Constrain the cylindrical solid faces of the three small bolt holes. Create material and element properties. Run the Analysis and access the results. Display the Results.

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Import and edit the geometry for the application of the applied load
Create a database Import the Parasolid file bathtub.xmt Create a primitive cylinder, with radius 0.4375, concentric to the hole indicated Imprint the new solid onto the model then delete it

Create the cylinder concentric to the hole.

Shown here is the solid after making the imprint

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Edit geometry for creating two parts for meshing
As indicated earlier the end pad area is expected to have a higher stress gradient than the remainder of the model, so a finer mesh needs to be created there. A coarse mesh will be created elsewhere. Create a plane using <0 0 0.625>, and break the solid with this plane.
There are now two solids for which different sized elements can be created.
End Pad

Before breaking

After breaking

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Mesh the two solids using different element sizes.
Mesh the end pad solid with Tet10 elements. Use a GEL of 0.125 in. Mesh the remaining solid with Tet10 elements, this time using a GEL of 0.25 in.
Make sure to set the toggle for Match Parasolid Faces to on

Equivalence the meshes under Finite Elements, and check for unconnected elements

Illustrated here are the meshed solids. Note that the mesh is much finer in the end pad area, whereas the rest of the model has a much courser mesh.

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Create the load and constraints
Apply the 2500 lb total load to the annular solid face of the tension fitting Constrain the cylindrical solid faces of the bolt holes

Apply the total load here

Constrain the surfaces here

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Create the material and element properties for model
As described in the general outline the model is made of Aluminum 7075-T7351with the following properties:
Elastic modulus E = 10e6 Poissons ratio = 0.33

Create the 3D solid element properties using Aluminum as the material

Run the analysis of the model

Analysis: Analyze/Entire Model/Full Run

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ASSEMBLY MESHING TENSION FITTING

Results
Note that the stress gradient is higher in the end pad area, as was expected Similarly, the stress in the area of the bolt holes is relatively small compared to that of the end pad Close the file and quit Patran

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WORKSHOP 13 SOLID MODELING OF K-T JOINT

PAT302, Workshop 13, June 2003

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PAT302, Workshop 13, June 2003

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SOLID MODELING K-T JOINT

Problem Description
K-T Joint shown features three pipes intersecting each other and a larger pipe. The finished part contains fillets that would be almost impossible to create manually, but with the use of the solid modeler the task is easy. All pipe thickness are 1/8 inch. Construct the geometric model.

Workshop Objectives
Practice solid geometry creation and Boolean operations.

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SOLID MODELING K-T JOINT

Suggested exercise steps
Create a solid cylinder with a radius of 1 inch and a height of 6 inches. Create a coordinate system at the center of the cylinder. This coordinate system is to be used to define the pipe that is perpendicular to the main pipe.

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SOLID MODELING K-T JOINT

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Create a coordinate system 45o from the first one created. This coordinate system can be used in the creation of the other two cylinders connected to the main pipe.

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SOLID MODELING K-T JOINT

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Use a Boolean operation to merge all the solids together. Use the shell tool to hollow out the cylinders to a wall thickness of 0.125 inch.
How should this be done ? If the cylinders are shelled individually the process will not give what is desired.

Add fillets to the model. See the model dimensions on the next slide.

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SOLID MODELING K-T JOINT

Model dimensions
6.00

1.50

r = .125 (typ)

0.125 (typ)

1.50

45 O

1.50

45 O

45 O 4.00

2.00

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PAT302, Workshop 13, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 14 SOLID MODELING OF PLASTIC HOUSING

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PAT302, Workshop 14, June 2003

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Problem description

The plastic housing shown contains an indented area at the top face, several fillets, and mounting holes. It has constant thickness. Construct a geometry model of the part shown.

Workshop objectives

Practice solid geometry creation and Boolean operations.

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Model dimensions
r = .0625 0.20 0.80

0.50

r = 0.1 1.00 0.20 0.20 0.60 1.00

0.60

All wall thicknesses are 0.01

0.20

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps
Create a new database and create the first block Geometry : Create / Solid / Primitive. Enter the following dimensions: X Length List 1.0 Y Length List 1.0 Z Length List 0.5 Click on Apply

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Create a smaller primitive block, to be subtracted from the larger block Geometry : Create / Solid / Primitive. Enter the following dimensions: X Length List 0.6 Y Length List 0.8 Z Length List 0.5 Under the Base Origin Point List, enter [0.2 0 0.25] Click on Apply

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Use the Boolean operation to subract the smaller block from the larger block Geometry : Edit / Solid / Boolean. Click on the Subtract icon. Select the larger solid as the Target Solid, and the smaller solid for the Subtracting Solid List. Click on Apply

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Add fillets to the new solid Geometry : Edit / Solid / Edge Blend. Enter 0.1 as the blend radius. Under Solid Edge List select the four edges as indicated. Click on Apply

Select these four edges

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Use the shell tool to hollow out the part to the desired wall thickness Geometry : Edit / Solid / Shell. Under Thickness enter 0.01. Under Solid Face List select the front face of the solid. Click on Apply

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Create four primitive cylinders, to be subtracted from the solid to create the mounting holes Geometry : Create / Solid / Primitive. Select the Cylinder icon. Enter 0.25 and 0.0625 under Height List and Radius List, respectively. Under Base Center Point List enter the following: [0.2 0.2 -0.125], [0.2 0.8 -0.125], [0.8 0.2 -0.125], and [0.8 0.8 -0.125] Click on Apply PAT302, Workshop 14, June 2003 WS14-10

SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Use the Boolean tool to subtract the cylinders from the solid Geometry : Edit / Solid / Boolean. Click on the Subtract icon. Under Target Solid select the solid created from the block, and under Subtracting Solid List select the four cylinders. Click on Apply

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SOLID MODELING PLASTIC HOUSING

Suggested exercise steps (continued)
Once completed, the model should resemble the following:

There are several approaches that can be used to model this part.
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WORKSHOP 15 GROUP/LIST MENU WITH CAR BODY MODEL

PAT302, Workshop 15, June 2003

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PAT302, Workshop 15, June 2003

WS15-2

 Problem Description
A new car has been designed and a stress analysis is required. The model contains many property sets, and it will be important to organize and re-name these properties before the analysis is performed. Import the MSC.Nastran model(in a .DAT file) into an MSC.Patran database. Re-organize and re-name the property sets.

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Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Create a database. Import the finite element model from an MSC.Nastran model file. Create groups using the type of property, i.e. shell, solid. Create a group for each property set, as opposed to type. Rename each group. Remove group windows from group body_panel. Quit MSC.Patran.

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Step 1. Create a New Database

a

Create a new database and set the model preferences. a. File / New. b. Enter car_body for File Name. c. Click on OK. d. Under New Model Preferences select Based on Model for Tolerance. e. Set Analysis Code and Analysis Type to MSC.Nastran and Structural respectively. f. Click on OK.

e b c f

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Step 2. Import the Geometry

a c b

Import the Geometry. a. File / Import b. Select MSC.Nastran Input for Source. c. Find and select car.bdf. d. Click on Apply. e. Click OK for the Import Summary.

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Step 3. Create Groups

f a
Create 3 groups using the Property Type method. This first group consists of 2D property sets. a. Group : Create / Property Type. b. Enter body_panels for the Group Name. c. Select the Make Current and Unpost All Other Groups toggles. d. Select all the 2D property types (Shell) for Property Types. e. Click on Apply. f. Change to Iso2 view.

b c

e
PAT302, Workshop 15, June 2003 WS15-7

Step 3. Create Groups (Cont.)

Create the suspension group consisting of only 1D property sets. a. Continuing on on the same form as the previous group creation, enter suspension for Group Name. b. Select all the 1D Property Types (Damper, Rod, and Spring). c. Click on Apply.

c
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Step 3. Create Groups (Cont.)

Create the a final group, engine, consisting of all 3D property sets. a. Continuing on the Group / Create form, enter engine for Group Name. b. Select the 3D Property Types (Solid). c. Click on Apply.

c
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Step 4. Create a Group For Each Property Set

a b
Create a group for each of the property sets in the database. a. Change Action and Method to Create and Property Set, respectively. b. Change Single Group to Multiple Groups. c. Select everything under Property Sets. d. Click on Apply.

d
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Step 5. Modify Each Group by Renaming

a

Identify each group, and rename it. a. In the Group form change the Action to Modify. b. Click on Change Target Group c. Select pelas.4005. d. Click on Cancel. e. Click Rename. f. Enter spring1 under Rename As. g. Click on Apply. h. Refer to the next slide for completing the renaming process for all the groups.

b e c

f g

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Step 5. Modify Each Group by Renaming (Cont.)

Old Name pshell.1 pshell.2 Continue this process for the rest of the groups by changing the Target Group as discussed on the previous page. Use the following table to rename each group. pshell.3 pshell.4 pshell.5 pshell.6 pshell.7 pshell.8 pelas.9 psolid.10 pshell.11 prod.1001 prod.1002 pvisc.2001 pvisc.2002

New Name drive_shaft_housing chassis underbody hood_trunk_trim support_brackets engine_mount fire_wall roof_front_bumper spring2 engine2 windows front_suspension rear_suspension front_shocks rear_shocks

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Step 6. Remove Group windows from Group body_panel

a h

Post the body_panel and widows group using two separate viewports. a. Group / Post b. Select body_panels for Select Groups to Post. c. Click on Apply. d. Viewport / Create. e. Enter windows for New Viewport Name. f. Click on Apply. g. Viewport / Tile h. Select each viewport by clicking inside of the port and then click on Fit view. (a better tiled view can be obtained by undocking the forms)

e b f

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Step 6. Remove Group windows from Group body_panel (Cont.)

b

Change the group posted for the windows viewport. a. Select the windows viewport by clicking inside the viewport. b. Group / Post c. Select windows for Select Groups to Post. d. Click on Apply.

d
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Step 6. Remove Group windows from Group body_panel (Cont.)

a

Create a list for each of the two viewports. a. Tools / List / Create b. FEM / Element / Attribute. c. Make sure that the Target List is set to A. d. Chose Select for Attribute. e. Select all the elements inside default_viewport viewport for Element. f. Click on Apply(the elements should be added to the List A dialogue). g. Click inside the windows viewport and select all elements for Element. h. Make sure that the Target List is set to B. i. Click on Apply(the elements should be added to the List B dialogue).

c f

h i
WS15-15

PAT302, Workshop 15, June 2003

Step 6. Remove Group windows from Group body_panel (Cont.)

a

Using the Boolean tool remove the windows from the body_panel group. a. Tools / List / Boolean b. Select the A-B icon. c. Click on Add to Group d. When the List Save dialogue appears enter body_panel_ without_windows. e. Select Post to Current Viewport toggle. f. Click on Apply.

e c d f

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Step 6. Remove Group windows from Group body_panel (Cont.)

Note that the default viewport does not change, but that the windows viewport contains the body panel without any windows PAT302, Workshop 15, June 2003 WS15-17

Step 6. Remove Group windows from Group body_panel (Cont.)

a d

Delete the viewport default_viewport and modify the view for the model. a. Viewport / Delete (make sure that the windows viewport is the active viewport). b. Select default_viewport for Select a Viewport(s). c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Smooth shaded.

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Step 7. Quit MSC.Patran

a

Quit MSC.Patran. a. File : Quit

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PAT302, Workshop 15, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 16 GROUP TRANSFORM, RESTRICTOR PLATE

PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

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PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

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 Problem Description
A new restrictor plate is needed for a race car engine to meet a new NASCAR regulation. The project manager wants to have stress analysis on the full model rather than an axisymmetric model. Therefore, it is necessary to find the quickest method to build the model in MSC.Patran. Listed below are the various properties that will be needed for the exercise:

PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

WS16-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Create a new database called restrictor_plate.db and set the new model preferences. Import the AP203 STEP file. Mesh the geometry. Create material and element properties. Apply the boundary conditions. Mirror the entities. Rotate the wedge around to complete the restrictor plate. Equivalence the Mesh. Quit MSC.Patran.

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Step 1. Create a New Database

a

Create a new database. a. File / New. b. Enter restrictor_plate for New File Name. c. Click on OK. d. Under New Model Preferences, select Based on Model Tolerance. e. Make sure that Analysis Code and Analysis Type are set to MSC.Nastran and Structural respectively. f. Click on OK.

e b c f

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Step 2. Import the STEP File

a b c
Import the geometry via AP203 Step file. a. File : Import. b. Set Object and Source to Model and STEP, respectively. c. Find and select wedge.step for File Name. d. Click on Apply. e. Click OK on the Import Summary dialogue.

PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

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Step 3. Mesh the Surface Geometry

Paver mesh the imported wedge surface. a. Finite Elements : Create / Mesh / Surface. b. Set Elem Shape, Mesher and Topology to Quad, Paver and Quad4 respectively. c. Select Surface 1 for Surface List. d. Deselect the Automatic Calculation toggle. e. Enter 0.025 for Global Edge Length Value. f. Click Apply.

c d e f

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Step 4. Define the Material and Element Properties

Before applying boundary conditions to the model, create the material and element properties First, create the material properties. a. Materials : Create / Isotropic / Manual Input. b. Enter material_property for the Material Name. c. Click on Input Properties d. Enter 30e6 for Elastic Modulus. e. Enter 0.3 for Poisson Ratio. f. Click on OK. g. Click Apply.

b e f

d h g

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Step 4. Define the Material and Element Properties (Cont.)

Define the element properties. a. Properties : Create / 2D / Shell. b. Enter Property for the Property Set Name. c. Click on Input Properties d. Select material_property form the Field Definitions window for Material Name. e. Enter 0.125 for Thickness. f. Click on OK. g. Select Surface 1 for Select Members. h. Click Add. i. Click Apply.

b e f c

d h i g j

PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

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Step 5. Apply the Boundary Conditions

Constrain the circumferential curve of the model. a. Loads/BCs : Create / Displacement / Nodal. b. Enter Constraint for the New Set Name. c. Click on Input Data d. Enter <0 0 0> for Transformations <T1 T2 T3>. e. Enter <0 0 0> for Rotations <R1 R2 R3>. f. Click on OK. g. Click on Select Application Region h. Set the Geometry Filter to Geometry. i. Select the radial curve Surface 1.1 under Select Geometry Entities. Make sure to click on the Curve icon j. Click Add. k. Click OK. l. Click Apply.

b e f

j k

c
l

d h m

PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

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Step 5. Apply the Boundary Conditions (Cont.)

i
Create a surface pressure. a. Create / Pressure / Element Uniform. b. Enter pressure for the New Set Name. c. Select 2D for Target Element Type. d. Click on Input Data e. Enter 100.0 for Top Surf Pressure. f. Click on OK. g. Click on Select Application Region h. Select the Geometry toggle for Geometry Filter. i. Using the Surface icon from the select menu, select the entire model. j. Click Add. k. Click on OK. l. Click Apply m. Go to Iso 3 view. PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

a e

i j

b c f d g
l

WS16-11

Step 5. Apply the Boundary Conditions (Cont.)

Illustrated here is the model with the boundary conditions.

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Step 6. Mirror the Entities

a

Mirror the entities to complete the wedge. a. Group : Transform / Mirror. b. Select the Copy toggle. c. Make sure that both Transform Loads/BCs and Transform Properties toggles are selected. d. Select the default coordinate system (Coord 0.2) for Define Mirror Plane Normal by using an icon from the select menu. e. Check Reverse Curves_Surfaces. f. Click on Apply.

a d b

c d

e f

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Step 7. Rotate the model

Rotate the wedge and complete the restrictor plate. a. Group : Transform / Rotate. b. Select the Copy toggle c. Enter 7 for under Time(s). d. Make sure that Transform Loads/BCs and Transform Properties are checked. e. Select the Coord 1 (coordinate system at the tip of the wedge) for Reference Coord. Frame. f. From the Select Menu select Axis 3, and click on the default coordinate system (Coord 0). g. Enter 45 for Rotation Angle. h. Apply. i. Go to the default view (Front view)

e f g h

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Step 8. Equivalence the Mesh

a

Before equivalencing the mesh, turn off the vectors and vector labels. a. Display :Load /BC/Elem. Props b. Deselect Show LBC/El.Prop. Vectors and Show LBC/El. Prop Values. c. Click on Apply.

d
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Step 8. Equivalence the Mesh

Equivalence the mesh. a. Finite Elements : Equivalence / All / Tolerance Cube. b. Click on Apply.

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Step 9. Quit MSC.Patran

a

Quit MSC.Patran. a. File : Quit

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PAT302, Workshop 16, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 17 INTRODUCTION TO PARAMETERS AND FEATURES

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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Problem Description
This exercise involves in editing Unigraphics features and parameter values. This requires importing a Unigraphics part file. It will not work with a Parasolid xmt model. Certain features are to be suppressed. A feature, previously suppressed, is to be unsuppressed. The value of some parameters are to be changed.

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

Create a new database. Import a Unigraphics part file. Observe certain features of the model. Suppress certain features of the model. Unsuppress one of the features previously suppressed. Edit a parameter value for the base of the model. Create a TetMesh for the solid. Edit the display features to get a better visual representation for the model. Change the diameter of the hole in the part. Verify that the copy of the part(model) has been updated.

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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Step 1. Create a Database

d
Create a new database. a. File/New. b. Enter test1 as the file name. c. Click OK. d. Choose Default for the Tolerance. e. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f. Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g. Click OK.

e f b c g

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Step 2. Import the Unigraphics Part File

a b

Import a Unigraphics part file. a. File/Import. b. Object/Source: Model/Unigraphics. c. Select key.prt. d. Click on Apply. e. Click OK when the import summary appears..

A warning message similar to the following should appear in the history window: Importing Unigraphics Features will require that the Unigraphics part file be modified to reflect the changes made in PATRAN. Therefore, a copy of the part is made in /tmp/test1_ug_copy/key.prt_msc_test1 prior to import. Please do not remove or modify this copy in any way as subsequent model updates are dependent on the undisturbed copy. This copy will not work with any other PATRAN databases. In other words MSC.Patran will make a copy of the part file and place it in a subdirectory titled [database_name]_ug_copy. MSC.Patran must be able to access this part file to modify features. If the part file is not in the same location the user will be prompted for the new location. PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003 WS17-6

Step 3. Observe the Part Features

e

Before making any changes observe the model and take note of the different characteristics of the part. a. Change to Iso 1 View. NOTE: notice that there is a base to this key, blends on some of the edges, and a hole in the middle of the protrusion. These are the features which will be changed throughout this exercise.

Blends

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Step 4. Suppress Some of the Part Features

Remove certain features using the suppress method. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Suppress. b. Under Feature List select CYLINDER(4). c. Click on Apply. d. Repeat the previous step to suppress BLENDS (8), (9), and (10) (the blends indicated earlier). NOTE: the hole disappears from the viewport. This method is known in Unigraphics as suppressing a feature. Also when the feature is selected from the list it is highlighted in the viewport. This is one means of selecting features. The features can also be selected from the viewport. PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

c
WS17-8

Step 4. Suppress Some of the Part Features (Cont.)

Illustrated here is the Unigraphics model with the suppressed features.

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

WS17-9

Step 5. Unsuppress the Hole in the Key

Because the hole plays a significant role as a feature in the key it will be necessary to unsuppress the feature. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Unsuppress. b. Under Feature List select CYLINDER(4). c. Click on Apply.

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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Step 6. Change the Base of the Model

When the Unigraphics model has been created parametrically MSC.Patran has the capability to modify the value of the parameters. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Parameters. b. Click on BLOCK(0) in Feature List. c. Click in the cell corresponding to Size X and Definition. d. Under Input Parameter Definition enter 1.5, and press Enter. e. Click on OK. f. Click on Apply.

d c

f
PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003 WS17-11

Step 6. Change the Base of the Model (Cont.)

Illustrated above is a before and after representation of the model. Note that the base of the model is thicker now.

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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Step 7. Mesh the Model

a
Mesh the solid. a. Elements: Create/Mesh/Solid. b. Set the Elem Shape, Mesher, and Topology to Tet, TetMesh, and Tet10, respectively. c. Under Input List select Solid 1. d. Uncheck Automatic Calculation and enter 0.1 under Global Edge Length. e. Click on Apply.

c d

e
PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003 WS17-13

Step 8. Edit the Display Features

Erase the Geometry and change view options. a. Click on the Plot/Erase icon. b. Under Geometry select Erase. c. Click on OK. d. Display/Finite Elements e. Under Show Only Free select Faces (in Wireframe). f. Click on Apply, then Cancel. g. Viewing/Angles. h. Change the angle by inputting the following: 49.81 -35.05 -1.93. i. Click Apply, then Cancel. j. Change the render style to Smooth Shaded.

f
PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003 WS17-14

Step 8. Edit the Display Features (Cont.)

Illustrated below is the smooth shaded representation of the model.

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WS17-15

Step 9. Change the Diameter of the Hole

a
Change the diameter of the hole. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Parameters. b. Under Feature List select CYLINDER(4). c. Click in the cell corresponding to Diameter and Definition. d. Input 0.8 for Input Parameter Definition, and press Enter. e. Click on OK. f. Click on Apply. g. A warning from message from MSC.Patran should appear stating the following: A change has beenDo you want to continue? Select Yes.

d c

f
PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003 WS17-16

Step 9. Change the Diameter of the Hole (Cont.)

Edit the display features for the model. a. Click on Reset graphics.

The model should look like the following:

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

WS17-17

Step 10. Verify the Copy of the Part has been Updated

a
Quit Patran. a. File / Quit.

Next, in a DOS window or a UNIX shell look in the current working directory (where the MSC.Patran database was created). There should be a subdirectory called test1_ug_copy. Located in this subdirectory is the copy of the UG file which was being worked on. Copy this file to the working directory.

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

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Step 10. Verify the Copy of the Part has been Updated (Cont.)

Create a new database. a. File/New. b. Enter test1b as the file name. c. Click OK. d. Choose Default Tolerance. e. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f. Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g. Click OK.

e f b c g

PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003

WS17-19

Step 10. Verify the Copy of the Part has been Updated (Cont.)

Import the copy of the Unigraphics part file. a. File/Import. b. Object/Source: Model/Unigraphics. c. Select copy.prt. d. Click on Apply. e. Click on OK.

copy.prt

A warning message should appear. Click OK to clear the warning. The Unigraphics Import summary will appear next. Similarly, clear this summary by selecting OK. Note that the part file imported has the same feature and parameter states as the model that was previously worked on. If this database is imported into another database the current solid geometry of the part will also be imported, but the features will be inaccessible. Quit MSC.Patran when the exercise has been completed. PAT302, Workshop 17, June 2003 WS17-20

WORKSHOP 18 MODIFYING UNIGRAPHICS PARAMETERS AND FEATURES

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-1

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-2

Problem Description
Demonstrate how to suppress/unsuppress features. Demonstrate how to change feature parameters. Demonstrate the effects of changing feature parameters used in arrays. Demonstrate changing the number of instances in an array.

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

Create a new database. Import the Unigraphics part file. Remove the small hole in lower left region of model. Remove other holes. Change the hole pattern inside the counter bore. Change the size and radial position of the holes. Change the number of holes. Change the number of notches and holes back to what they were. Quit MSC.PATRAN.

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-4

Step 1. Create a New Database

a

Create a new database. a. File/New. b. Enter test2 for File name. c. Click OK. d. Under New Model Preferences select Default Tolerance. e. Select MSC.Nastran for Analysis Code. f. Select Structural for Analysis Type. g. Click on OK.

e f b c g

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

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Step 2. Import Unigraphics File

b c

d
Import the Unigraphics part file. a. File/Import b. Set Object to Model. c. Select Unigraphics for Source. d. Find and select gear.prt for File name. e. Click on Apply. f. Click OK on the Unigraphics Import Summary dialogue.

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-6

Step 3. Remove the Small Hole

a
Suppress the small hole in the lower left region of the model. a. Geometry : Edit/ Feature/Suppress. b. Select the hole in the lower left corner(as indicated) for the Geometric Entity List. c. Click on Apply.

Note, both features associated with this hole will be highlighted under Feature list

b c

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-7

Step 4. Remove Other Holes

Eliminate some of the other holes of the part. a. Select both the top and bottom hole in the set adjacent to the left notch (as indicated) using shift picking for Geometric Entity List. b. Click on Apply. c. There should only be 8 holes, a single hole corresponding to each notch.

a b
WS18-8

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

Step 5. Change the Hole Pattern Inside the Counter Bore

Change the hole pattern inside the counter bore from 4 to 5 holes. a. Geometry : Edit/Feature/ Parameters. b. Under the Feature List select CIRCULAR_ARRAY(4). c. In the Feature Parameter Definition form click in the cell corresponding to Number and Definition. d. Enter 5 for Input Parameter Definition, and click Enter. e. Click on OK. f. Click on Apply.

d c

b e

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Step 6. Change the Size and Radial Position of the Holes

a
Change the size and radial position of the holes adjacent to the notches. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Parameters. b. In Feature List select SIMPLE_HOLE(8). c. In the Feature Parameter Definition form click in the cell corresponding to Diameter and Definition, input 18 for Input Parameter Definition. and click Enter. d. Click on OK. e. Click on Apply.

c b

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-10

Step 6. Change the Size and Radial Position of the Holes

Change the radial position of the holes lined-up with the notches. a. Select INSTANCE[0](8)/ SIMPLE_HOLE (8) for Feature List. b. Click in the cell corresponding to Positioning Dimension Perpendicular Distance and Definition, enter 27 for Input Parameter Definition, and click the Enter key. c. Click on OK. d. Click on Apply.

c a

d
PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003 WS18-11

Note that the holes are larger and closer to the center.

Step 7. Change the Number of Holes

Change the number of holes adjacent to the notches. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Parameters. b. Under Feature List select CIRCULAR_ARRAY(11). c. Click in the cell corresponding to Number and Definition. Note that the cell does not contain a number, but the word FixPosNr. d. Select CIRCULAR_ARRAY(7) for Feature List. e. In the cell for Number and Name notice that the same word appears here. This means that the number of notches equals the number of holes. f. Click in the cell corresponding to Number and Definition, enter 6 for Input Parameter Definition, and click the Enter key. g. Click on OK. h. Click on Apply.

a c

d b g

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-12

Step 8. Change the Number of Notches/Holes

Change the number of notches and holes back to 8. a. Under Feature List select CIRCULAR_ARRAY(7). b. Click in the cell corresponding to Number and Definition. c. Enter 8 for Input Parameter Definition, and click Enter. d. Click on OK. e. Click on Apply. f. There might be a warning message about not being able to perform the desired action.

If there is a warning it suggests something about the feature suppression state. When attempting to do this in UG an error message is issued that states error updating feature.

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-13

Step 8. Change the Number of Notches/Holes

If there is a problem it is with the holes adjacent to the holes centered on the notches; top and bottom holes in the figure. Unsuppress all the adjacent holes. Unsuppress the adjacent holes so can change back to 8 notches and 8 centered holes.. a. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Unsuppress b. Feature List: select all entries except the two with the number 16 in the name. c. Apply d. Geometry: Edit/Feature/ Parameters e. Feature List: select CIRCULAR_ARRAY(7) f. Click in the cell corresponding to Number and Definition. g. Input Parameter Definition: enter 8, and click Enter h. OK i. Apply PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003 WS18-14

Step 9. Quit MSC.Patran

a

Quit MSC.PATRAN. a. File / Close.

This ends this exercise.

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-15

PAT302, Workshop 18, June 2003

WS18-16

WORKSHOP 19 GLOBAL/LOCAL MODELING USING FEM FIELDS

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-1

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-2

Problem Description
This exercise is used to demonstrate how to map displacement results from the analysis of a global(overall) model onto the perimeter of a local(detail/ component of overall) model. The local model is used for an analysis to obtain results for the detail/component. The global model and its results are read into an MSC.Patran database. The results are used in the creation of a vector FEM field. The FEM field is used to map the global model displacement results onto the local model perimeter. Also, a pressure load is applied to the local model. An analysis of the local model is performed. The displacement results for both global and local models are compared.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.

12. 13. 14.

Open a new database. Create a group for the global model. Use analysis form to read model and results for global model. Turn off all labels and reset the view to an isometric view. Create a group for the local model. Use analysis form to read local model. Post only the group for the global model for displaying its results. Display the deflections and stresses of the global model. Set the displacements to true scale 1.0. Create a vector plot of displacements for the global model. With the vector plot displayed, create a continuous, spatial, Vector FEM field using the global displacements. Post only the detailed local panel model. Create a group to be used for creating LBCs for the local model. Create a load case for the local model LBCs.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-4

Suggested Exercise Steps (continued)

15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.

Create a Loads/BCs for the local model. Post and make current the group for the local model. Create a uniform pressure for the local model. Create a MSC.Nastran input file for analysis of local model. Run MSC.Nastran. Access results. Post process results. Create a viewport so have one for each model. Post both global and local model. View the results for each model simultaneously. Quit MSC.Patran.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-5

Step 1. Create a New Database

d
Open database. a. File : New. b. Enter quarter_plate for File Name. c. Click OK. d. Under New Model Preferences, select Based on Model Tolerance. e. Select MSC.NASTRAN for Analysis Code. f. Select Structural for Analysis Type. g. Click on OK.

e b c g f

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-6

Step 2. Create a Group for Global Model

a

Create a group and make it current for the global model as follows. a. Group : Create b. Enter global_loads_model for New Group Name. c. Select the Make Current and Unpost All Other Groups icons. d. Click on Apply. e. Click on Cancel.

b c

d
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003 WS19-7

Step 3. Use Analysis to Read Model/Results for Global

a
Use Analysis to read in both the model and results of the Global Loads Model. a. Analysis : Read Output2 / Both / Translate. b. Click Select Results File c. Select multi_cell_box.op2 for Select File. d. Click on OK. e. Click on Apply.

b e

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-8

Step 4. Turn off All Labels

Set the display options to get a better representation of the model. a. Click on Hide all entity labels. b. Click on Iso1 view. c. Click on Fit view.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-9

Step 5. Create a Group for Local Model

a

Create another group, making it current, called panel_model. a. Group : Create b. Enter panel_model for New Group Name. c. Select the Make Current and Unpost All Other Groups toggles. d. Click on Apply. e. Click on Cancel.

Note that the viewport is cleared

b c

e
WS19-10

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

Step 6. Use Analysis to Read Model for Local

Under, Analysis, read in a MSC.NASTRAN input deck that represents the detailed panel stress model. a. Analysis : Read Input File / Model Data / Translate. b. Click on Entity Selection c. Click on Define Offsets d. Enter 1000 for Input Offset Value in the Nodes row and press the Enter key. e. Enter 1000 for Input Offset Value for the Elements row and press the Enter key. f. Click on OK. g. Click on OK.

b e f

g d c h

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-11

Step 6. Use Analysis to Read Model for Local

Select the input file to read into the input deck. a. Click on Select Input File.. b. Select panel.bdf for Select File. c. Click on OK. d. Click on Apply. e. Click OK for the Nastran input file summary.

a d

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-12

Step 7. Post Only Global Model Group for Results Display

a

Now post only the global_loads_model group. a. Group : Post b. Select global_loads_model for Select Groups to Post. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Cancel. e. Go to Viewing : Angles f. Enter 25 60 0 under Angles. g. Click on Apply. h. Click on Cancel. i. Click on the Fit view icon.

f b g h

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-13

Step 8. Global Model Deflections and Stresses

c
Look at the deflection and stresses of the global loads model using the basic Results form. a. Results. b. Click on the Selects Results icon. c. Set the Action and Object to Create, and Quick Plot, respectively. d. Select Stress Tensor for Select Fringe Result. e. Select Displacements, Translational for Select Deformation Result. f. Click on Apply.

f
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003 WS19-14

Step 9. Set the Displacements to True Scale 1.0

Now select the displacements to show true values (scale factor=1.0, direct multiplication). a. Select the deform attributes icon b. Select the True Scale toggle. c. Enter 1.0 for Scale Factor. d. Click on Apply. e. After observing the modified results, reset the graphics.

b c

d
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003 WS19-15

Step 10. Create a Vector Plot of Displacements

Now, create a vector plot of displacements. a. Results : Create / Marker / Vector. b. Select Displacements, Translational for Select Vector Result. c. Click the Display Attributes icon

d. Deselect Show Vector Label. e. Click on Apply.

e
WS19-16

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

Step 10. Create a Vector Plot of Displacements (Cont.)

Your model should now appear as follows:

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-17

Step 11. Create a Vector FEM Field From Global Displacements

k

With the vector plot displayed, create a continuous, spatial, vector FEM field called Displacements_Global_Model. a. Fields : Create / Spatial / FEM. b. Enter Displacements_ Global_Model under Field Name. c. Select Continuous for FEM Field Definition. d. Select Vector for Field Type. e. Select All Groups for Mesh/Results Group Filter. f. Select global_loads_model for Select Group. g. Click on Options h. Select Linear Extrapolation for Extrapolation Option. i. Click on OK. j. Click on Apply. k. Reset the Graphics.

b c d e f g i

j
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003 WS19-18

Step 12. Post Only the Local Model Group for LBCs Creation
a

Now post only the detailed panel_model group. a. Group : Post b. Select panel_model for Select Groups to Post. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Cancel.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-19

Step 13. Create a Group for Creating Local Model Displ LBC
a

Create a group called Panel_Model_Edge_Nodes. a. Group : Create. b. Enter Panel_Model_ Edge_Nodes for New Group Name. c. Select Make Current and Unpost All Other Groups. d. Enter Node 10000 T # for Entity Selection. e. Click on Apply. f. Click on Cancel.

b c

d e f

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-20

Step 13. Create a Group for Creating Local Model Displ LBC (Cont.)
a

Using the slide bar, make the nodes more visible. a. Display : Finite Elements b. Use the slide bar under Node Size to select 5. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Cancel.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-21

Step 14. Create a Static Load Case for Local Model

a a
Create a static load case called Panel Model Loads. a. Load Cases : Create b. Enter Panel_Model_Loads for Load Case Name. c. Select Make Current. d. Select Static for Load Case Type. e. Click on Apply.

c d

e
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003 WS19-22

Step 15. Create a Loads/BCs for Local Model

Create a nodal displacement called Panel Enforced Displacements. a. Loads/BCs : Create / Displacement / Nodal. b. Enter Panel Enforced Displacements for the New Set Name. c. Click on Input Data d. Select Displacements_Global_Model in the Spatial Fields databox for Translation <T1 T2 T3>. e. Click OK. f. Click on Select Application Region g. Select the FEM Filter. h. Screen pick all the nodes in the viewport for Select Nodes. i. Click on Add. j. Click on OK. k. Click on Apply.

a d g

i h b e j c f k

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-23

Step 15. Create a Loads/BCs for Local Model

Set the node size back to 1. a. Display : Finite Elements b. Select 1 for Node Size by using the slidebar. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Cancel. e. Turn off the vector values by selecting from the main menu bar Display : Load/BC/ Elem. Props f. Deselect Show LBC/EI. Prop. Values. g. Click on Apply. h. Click on Cancel

c
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

d
WS19-24

Step 16. Post and Make Current the Local Model

a

Post and make current the Panel Model. a. Group : Post b. Select panel_model for Select Groups to Post. c. Click on Apply. d. Click on Cancel.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-25

Step 17. Create a Uniform Pressure for Local Model

Create a uniform pressure called Panel Pressure applied to all 2D quads on the top surface. a. Loads/BCs : Create / Pressure / Element Uniform. b. Enter Panel Pressure for New Set Name. c. Select 2D for Target Element Type. d. Click on Input Data e. Enter 2.25 for Top Surf Pressure. f. Click on OK. g. Click on Select Application Region h. Select the FEM Filter. i. Screen pick all the elements in the viewport for Select 2D Elements or Edges. j. Click on Add. k. Click on OK. l. Click on Apply.

a h e

i j

b c d l f g k

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-26

Step 17. Create a Uniform Pressure for Local Model

Illustrated below is the model. After observing this view, reset the graphics.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-27

Step 18. Create MSC.Nastran Input File for Local Model

Use Analysis Deck pick to create an MSC.Nastran input file. Call the job name new_panel. a. Analysis : Analyze / Current Group / Analysis Deck. b. Enter new_panel for Job Name. c. Click on Translation Parameters d. Select OP2 Only for Data Output. e. Select Text for OUTPUT2 Format f. Click on OK. g. Click on Solution Type h. Select Linear Static for Solution Type. i. Click on Solution Parameters j. Enter 1.0 for Plate Rz Stiffness Factor. k. Click on OK. l. Click on OK. PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

a e

d h

i b l g c f j

k
WS19-28

Step 18. Create MSC.Nastran Input File for Local Model (Cont.)

b
Continue to create the input deck. a. Subcases b. Set Action to Create. c. Enter Panel_Model for the Subcase Name. d. Select Panel_Model_Loads for Available Load Cases. e. Click on Apply. f. Click on Cancel. g. Click on Subcase Select h. Select Panel_Model for Subcases For Solution Sequence: 101. i. Click on OK. j. Click on Apply.

d i

a j

e
PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003 WS19-29

Step 19. Run Analysis

If MSC.Nastran is on the network, the job can submitted using the file new_panel.bdf for analysis, then import the results file, new_panel.op2, into the database and look at the model stresses and deformations. a. Run MSC.Nastran. b. Find and Open new_panel.bdf. c. Click on Open. d. Click on Run. e. Check for fatal errors by opening up new_panel.f06 file as a text document and searching for the word fatal. If no fatal errors exist, then the analysis completed successfully.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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Step 20. Access Results

Continue to view results in PATRAN. a. Analysis : Read Output2 / Result Entities / Translate. b. Click on Select Results File c. Select new_panel.op2. d. Click on OK. e. Click on Apply.

b e

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Step 21. Post Process Results

View the results in a Fringe Plot. a. Results : Create / Fringe. b. Select Panel_Model_Loads, Static Subcase for Select Result Case(s). c. Select Displacements, Translational for Select Fringe Result. d. Click on Apply.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-32

Step 21. Post Process Results (Cont.)

The model should appear as follows:

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

WS19-33

Step 22. Create a Viewport so Have one for Each Model

a

Compare the two models. a. Viewport : Create b. Enter global_load for New Viewport Name. c. Click on Apply. d. Viewport : Tile

b c

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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Step 23. Post Model to Each Viewport

b

Change the group being posted in the global_load viewport. a. Make the viewport global_load active by clicking inside the window. b. Groups : Post c. Select global_loads_model. d. Click on Apply. e. Click on Cancel.

c a

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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Step 24. View Results for Each Model Simultaneously

View the results of global_model_loads. a. Results : Create / Fringe. b. Select Default, Static Subcase for Select Result Case(s). c. Select Displacements, Translational for Select Fringe Result. d. Select Y component for Quantity. e. Click on Apply.

c d e

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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Step 24. View Results for Each Model Simultaneously

In order to simplify comparing the two models result a single range will be used. a. Click inside the viewport that contains the panel model (default_viewport) to make it active. b. Results: Select Panel_Model_Loads. c. Select the Display Attributes icon. d. Click on Range e. Select Fri_default_Fringe2. f. Select Post Range to Viewport. g. Click on OK. h. Click on Apply

e c b d

f g h

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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Step 24. View Results for Each Model Simultaneously

Compare the viewports. Notice that the colors on the edges of the panel model are identical to those of the global model.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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Step 25. Quit MSC.Patran

a

Quite MSC.PATRAN. a. File : Close.

This ends this exercise.

PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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PAT302, Workshop 19, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 20 CREATING PCL FUNCTIONS

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-1

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-2

Problem Description
This exercise involves creating two PCL functions that can be used to easily change the view of a model. The PCL functions are created by recording session files using corresponding previously created named views. Using the session files PCL function files are easily created. The PCL functions are compiled in MSC.Patran. The views can be obtained by using the compiled PCL functions.

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-3

Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4.

5.

6.

7.

Create a new database. Import the parasolid.xmt file. Create two views of the model. Record two session files, each one created while selecting a unique view of the model. Copy the session files, and edit the copies to create PCL function files with suffix .pcl Compile the PCL functions into MSC.Patran, then use the functions to go to the selected view. Compile the PCL functions into the MSC.Patran library so that they can be used for different databases.

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-4

Step 1. Create a database

Create a new database and set the New Model Tolerances. a. Click on the File New icon. b. Enter shield.db for the File Name and click OK. c. In the New Model Preferences form, select Based on Model under Tolerance. d. Set the Analysis Code and Analysis Type to MSC.Nastran and Structural, respectively. e. Click on OK.

d b e

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

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Step 2. Import a Parasoid.xmt file

a b

c
Import the model via parasolid.xmt file. a. File : Import b. Change the Object and Source, to Model and Parasolid.xmt, respectively. c. Find and select the file shield_v11.xmt_txt. d. Click on Apply.

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-6

Step 2. Import a Parasoid.xmt file (Cont.)

Shown here is the imported model

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-7

Step 3. Create Named Views

b
This next step involves creating two views for the model. Any two views can be used, but for simplicity, a general view will be used. a. Go to the Iso 3 view. b. Viewing : Named View Options c. Click on Create View d. Under Create New View enter v1. e. Click Apply. The first view, v1, has been created. Patran will automatically return this view whenever it is selected under Select Named View in the Named View Options form. Test out the view by changing it to any other view and then returning to the form and selecting v1. PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003 WS20-8

Step 3. Create Named Views (Cont.)

b
Create the second view, v2, by zooming in on the model. a. Zoom in on the model as shown. b. Viewing : Named View Options c. Click on Create View d. Under Create New View enter v2. e. Click Apply. Both views have been created. Test out the views simply by changing the current view(rotating, changing views, zooming in, etc.) and clicking on either v1 or v2.

a c

d e
PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003 WS20-9

Step 4. Record Session Files

a f e
Record the first of two session files. a. File : Session / Record b. Enter key1 for the File Name. c. Click on Apply(by clicking Apply the session file will automatically be written to). d. Viewing : Named View Options... e. Under Select Named View select v1. f. File : Session / Record g. Click on Stop. h. Click on Cancel.

h g

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-10

Step 4. Record Session Files (Cont.)

a f e
Create the second session file using the same approach. a. File : Session / Record b. Enter key2 for File Name. c. Click on Apply. d. Viewing : Named View Options e. Select v2 under Select Named View. f. File : Session / Record g. Click on Stop. h. Click on Cancel.

h g

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-11

Step 5. Edit the session files

a
To edit the session files close the database. a. File : Quit. b. Find the directory with the database and session files (e.g. use Explorer). c. Copy the session files key1.ses and key2.ses. d. Rename each copy file to key1.pcl and key2.pcl, respectively.

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-12

Step 5. Edit the session files (Cont.)

Open the .pcl files and edit each one as follows. a. Open key1.pcl with a text editor program such as Notepad or Wordpad. b. Delete the lines that begin with: $# (In this case, there are only 2 such lines). c. BEFORE the line ga_viewport_view_set( default_viewport, v1 ) enter FUNCTION v1(). d. AFTER the last line enter END FUNCTION. e. File / Save. f. Open the second file, key2.pcl, and repeat steps a-e for key2.pcl, entering FUNCTION v2() instead of FUNCTION v1().

PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

WS20-13

Step 6. Compile the PCL Functions into Patran

Open the previously created database, shield.db, and compile the PCL functions. a. Open Patran. b. Click on the File Open icon. c. Select shield.db. d. Click on OK. e. In the Patran command window enter !!input key1.pcl then click Enter f. Then enter !!input key2.pcl then click Enter.

f
PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003 WS20-14

Step 6. Compile the PCL Functions into Patran (Cont.)

The model will automatically change to the two previously created views. Test the compiled functions . a. Rotate the model to any arbitrary view(manual or by using the view icons, as long as it is a different view from either v1 or v2). b. Enter v1() into command window (the model should return to the original v1 view). c. Change the model view again. d. Enter v2() into the command window.

b d
As long as this database is used the two compiled PCL functions, key1.plb and key2.plb, will be available. PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003 WS20-15

Step 7. Compile the PCL Functions into the Patran Library

If it is desired to use the two PCL functions in a different database compile them into a library, then access the library via the p3epilog.pcl file. a. In the command window enter the following : !!compile key1.pcl key and press Enter. Then, !!compile key2.pcl key and pres Enter. b. Quit Patran. c. Using a text editor create the file p3epilog.pcl that contains the following line !!library key.plb and save it into the same directory that contains the database and the corresponding session files.

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Step 7. Compile the PCL Functions into the Patran Library (Cont.)

Create a new database shield2.db, then create the two views, v1 and v2. a. Select File New. b. Specify shield2.db. c. Click OK. d. Create view v1 and v2 under Viewing e. Enter either v1() or v2() into the command window, and the views should change accordingly. f. Close the file and quit MSC.Patran. Instead of typing v1() or v2() in the command line it is possible to envoke the PCL commands using either key maps or toolbar icons.

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PAT302, Workshop 20, June 2003

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WORKSHOP 21 PCL VIA SESSION FILE PIPE INTERSECTION

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Problem Description
This exercise involves the use of two real type(REAL) variables in the creation of geometry. The variables are created in the MSC.Patran command window, and subsequently used in the GUI instead of their values. These variables are recorded in the session file instead of their numerical values. Once the geometry is created the session file is edited to change the value of the real variables. Then, the session file is played in MSC.Patran to easily create the geometry with new dimensions.

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Suggested Exercise Steps

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

Create a new database, and two REAL type variables. Create a point using a variable. Create a Curve by Revolving the Point. Create a Surface by Extruding the Curve. Create another Point Using the Second Variable. Create a Curve by Revolving the Point. Create a Surface by Extruding Using a Variable. Break Surface With Surface. Break on Edge Parametrically. Create Surfaces Using Curves and Edges. Delete Unnecessary Entities. Break a Surface at a Point. Mirror the Surfaces About Plane Z=0. Step 14. Mirror the Surfaces About Plane X=0.

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Suggested Exercise Steps (continued)

15. 16. 17. 18.

Mirror the Surfaces About Plane Y=0. Completed Model With two Variables. Copy the Session File, Then Edit Copy. Play the Copy of the Session File.

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Step 1. Create a Database and two Real Variables

a
Create a new database, and define two PCL real variables. a. File / New. b. Enter pipe as the file name. c. Click OK. d. Choose Based on Model for the Tolerance. e. Select MSC.Nastran as the Analysis Code. f. Select Structural as the Analysis Type. g. Click OK. h. Define two PCL real variables by entering the following in the command line (below the history window): REAL rad_1 = 1.0 , rad_2 =.5 i. Check variable values using command dump, e.g. dump rad_1

e f b c

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Step 2. Create a Point Using a Variable

Create the first point using a previously defined PCL variable. a. Geometry: Create / Point / XYZ. b. Under Point Coordinates List enter [ `rad_1` 0 0]. c. Click on Apply. d. Increase the point size and turn on the point labels.

b c

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Step 3. Create a Curve by Revolving the Point

a
From the first point created create a curve using the revolve method. a. Geometry: Create / Curve / Revolve. b. Enter {[0 0 0][0 0 1]} under Axis. c. Set the Total Angle to 90.0. d. Check Auto Execute. e. Under Point List select Point 1.

d e

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Step 4. Create a Surface by Extruding the Curve

a
Extrude the curve to produce the first surface. a. Geometry : Create / Surface / Extrude. b. Under Translation Vector enter <0 0 `2.0 * rad_1` >. c. Select Curve 1 for the Curve List. d. Change the view to Iso 1 View and click on Fit view.

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Step 5. Create another Point Using the Second Variable

Create another point. a. Geometry : Create / Point / XYZ. b. Under Point Coordinates List enter [0 0 `rad_2` ]. c. Click on Apply.

b c

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Step 6. Create a Curve by Revolving the Point

Create a curve from the point just previously created. a. Geometry: Create / Curve / Revolve. b. Enter {[0 0 0][1 0 0]} under Axis. c. Set the Total Angle to -90.0. d. Under Point List select Point 5.

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Step 7. Create a Surface by Extruding Using a Variable

a
Extrude the curve just created to obtain the second surface. a. Geometry: Create / Surface / Extrude. b. Translation Vector: < `2 * rad_1` 0 0> c. Curve List: select Curve 2. d. Turn off the point labels.

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Step 8. Break Surface With Surface

a
Break the last surface created. a. Geometry : Edit / Surface / Break. b. Set the Option to Surface. c. For Surface List select Surface 2. d. For Break Surface List select Surface 1. e. Click Yes to the prompt to delete the original surface.

c d

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Step 9. Break on Edge Parametrically

a
Create two curves by breaking on an edge at parametric u=0.5. a. Geometry : Edit / Curve / Break. b. Set the Option to Parametric. c. Set the u Parametric Value to 0.5. d. Check Delete Original Curves. e. Under Curve List select the surface edge indicated.

c d

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Step 10. Create Surfaces Using Curves and Edges

Create two surfaces using two curves and two corresponding edges. a. Under Label Control turn on the curve labels. b. Geometry : Create / Surface / Curve. c. Set the Option to 2 Curve. d. Check Manifold, and select Surface 1. e. For the Starting Curve List enter Curve 3 4. f. For the Ending Curve List enter edges Surface 1.3 1.2. g. Click on Apply.

b Surface 1.3 c

d Surface 1.2

e f g

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Step11. Delete Unnecessary Entities

a
Delete the unnecessary entities. a. Geometry : Delete / Any. b. Under Geometric Entity List enter Surface 1 3 Curve 1:4. c. Click on Apply. d. Refresh the graphics. e. Turn off the curve labels and turn on the surface labels.

b c

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Step 12. Break a Surface at a Point

Break the surface. a. Geometry : Edit / Surface / Break. b. Set the Option to Point. c. Check Delete Original Surfaces. d. Under Surface List select Surface 4. e. Under Break Point List select Point 11. f. Click on Apply. g. Respond Yes to the prompt to delete Surface 4.

b c d e f

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Step 13. Mirror the Surfaces About Plane Z=0

Mirror the surfaces to get one quarter of the complete model. a. Geometry: Transform / Surface / Mirror. b. Under Define Mirror Plane Normal, enter {[0 0 0][0 0 1]}. (Note: requires axis format.) c. Under Offset Parameters enter 0.0. d. Under the Surface List select the entire model.

b c

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Step 14. Mirror the Surfaces About Plane X=0

Mirror the surfaces again. a. Geometry: Transform / Surface / Mirror. b. Under Define Mirror Plane Normal enter {[0 0 0][1 0 0]}. c. Leave the Offset Parameters at 0.0. d. Under Surface List select the entire model.

b c

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Step 15. Mirror the Surfaces About Plane Y=0

Mirror the surfaces once more to complete the model. a. Geometry: Transform / Surface / Mirror. b. Under Define Mirror Plane Normal enter {[0 0 0][0 1 0]}. c. Leave the Offset Parameters at 0.0. d. For the Surface List, select the entire model.

b c

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Step 16. Completed Model With two Variables

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Step 17. Copy the Session File, Then Edit Copy

a
Create a custom session file for playing in MSC.Patran. a. File / Quit. b. Open the file patran.ses.## (number may vary) using an application such as notepad. c. Copy the session file (Save As) naming the copy as shell.ses. d. Remove the PCL line that corresponds to creating an MSC.Patran database: uil_file_new.go(D:\msc\patran \pat.)

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Step 17. Copy the Session File, Then Edit Copy (Cont.)

Continue editing the text file. a. Remove the line that causes MSC.Patran to close a database or quit, e.g. uil_file_close.goquit() b. At the beginning of the file change the value of rad_1 and rad_2 to 4.0 and 3.0, respectively. c. Save changes to shell.ses and close Notepad.

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Step 18. Play the Copy of the Session File

c
Create a new database. a. File / New. b. File / Session / Play. c. Select shell.ses. d. Click on Apply. The entire model should be re-built, but with the new values for the radii. e. File / Quit.

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