M.S.P.V.L.

POLYTECHNIC COLLEGE, PAVOORCHATRAM

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL Engineering

LAB MANUAL

Publisher: MSPVL Polytechnic College, Pavoorchatram.

CONTENTS SL.NO TITILE 1 Infiltration gallery (with one infiltration well, one straight Gallery pipe, one inspection well and one jack well 2 Rapid sand filter 3 Septic tank with dispersion trench 3b Septic tank with soak pit 4 Biogas plant (Floating type) 5 R.C.C. square overhead tank supported by four columns 6 R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall 7 Two span pipe culvert 8 Two span tee beam bridge with square returns 9 Simply supported one way slab 10 Simply supported two way slab 11 Restrained two way slab 12 Singly reinforced beam (partially fixed) 13 Doubly reinforced beam (partially fixed) 14 Tee beams supporting continuous slab 15 Dog legged staircase 16 Lintel and sunshade 17 R.C.C. column with footings (square) PAGE NO. 4 8 10 12 16 18 20 24 25 30 32 34 38 40 42 46 48 52

1. INFILTRATION GALLERY
( With one infiltration well, one straight gallery pipe one inspection well and one jack well) Aim: To draw the infiltration gallery using AutoCAD software.
INFILTRATION GALLERY:

located below the scour level of the river . the layers above the gallery should not be disturbed even during floods. because it acts as an initial filter. Manholes are provided for inspection at required intervals.
INFILTRATION WELLS:

an infiltration well is a well sunk in a river or stream bed. they are taken deeper than infiltration galleries . if masonry Walls are constructed then open joints are provided . The top of the well is taken well above the river bed and provided with an RCC slab. The number of wells to be provided in the riverbed depends on the demand of water . Water from the infiltration wells is pumped to a common sump called jack well. Problem: The particulars of an infiltration gallery are River bed level +50.00m Inner Diameter of infiltration well 3.80m Outer diameter of infiltration well 4.70m River bank level +53.70m Maximum flood level (MFL) +52.90M Lowest summer water level (LSWL ) +48.60M Invert level of stoneware pipe +44.00m Diameter of stone ware pipe 400m Length of one gallery 60.0m

An infiltration gallery is essentially a porous barrel placed with a pervious layer. water is collected in the gallery and led to a well called jack well placed at the river bank which acts as a sump . the water from the well is pumped out . The Infiltration gallery consists of a single or double row of loosely jointed perforated pipes . normally stone ware or concrete pipes are used. all around the galley a medium of graded sizes of aggregate is provided. the aggregate acts as a filter and prevents the sand from entering the gallery. the gallery is laid below the lowest ground water level in the aquifer. the gallery should also be

Width of gallery 2.20m Layer of filter media adjacent to the pipe - 150m

Next two layers are of 100 mm each

(size of particle of filter media in each layer is increased from outer to the inner layer) Inner diameter of jack well cum pump house 6m Outer diameter of jack well cum pump house 6.90m Inter diameter of inspection well - 2m Outer diameter of inspection well - 2.60m Any more data required may be assumed suitably . Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. general layout of the scheme showing infiltration wells, infiltration galleries, inspection wells, jackwell and pump house (not to scale ) Longitudinal section of infiltration well, one straignt gallery, one inspection well and one jackwell. Sectional plan of infiltration well, gallery, inspection well and jackwell. Cross sectional details of infiltration gallery.

5. Depth of infiltration portion of infiltration well :5m below L.S.W.L. 6. Minimum width of gallery :2m 7. Minimum depth of gallery : 2m below the lowest summer water level. 8. Rate of infiltration for wells and galleries : 4500 to 6000 lit/m2/day. Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using circle command draw Infiltration well inspection well Jack well with pump house 7. for wall thickness use offset command 8. For filter media fill with hatch command Result: Thus the infiltration gallery are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software.

2.

3. 4.

Assumptions: 1. inspection wells or manhole wells. are duge at intervals of 50 to 60m. 2. Diameter of gallery pipe : 300mm to 450mm 3. Diameter of inspection wells : 1m to 2m 4. Diameter of infiltration wells : 2m to 6m

2. RAPID SAND FILTER Aim: To draw the Rapid sand filter software. using AutoCAD

1. Plan of the filter unit showing drainage system 2. longitudinal section of the filter unit . 3. cross section of the filter unit . Procedure:

Problem: Following are the particulars of a rapid sand filter. size of filler unit 8.5mx5.7m Sixe of inlet chamber 1.0m x 5.7m Wall thickness at top 370mm Wall thickness at bottom 560mm Thickness of foundation 450mm Diameter of main drain or manifold 380mm Laterals 80mm dia with 10mm strainer @ 150mm c/c spacing of laterals 300mmc/c Slope of laterals 1 in 50 Raw water inlet 300mm Wash water drain pipe 300mm Size of wash water trough 275mmx375mm Number of wash water trough3nos Free board 300mm bottom of wash water trough is 500mm from the surface of filter media (sand bed) Any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale.

1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command draw Rapid sand filter 7. Laterals are drawn using line and circle command place the laterals in position using copy or offset or array command. Result: Thus the Rapid sand filter are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software.

10

3.[a] SEPTIC TANK WITH DISPERSIONTRENCH

Aim: To draw the Septic tank with dispersion trench using AutoCAD software. Problem: Following are the particulars of a septic tank with dispersion trench for 150 users in a housing colony Septic tank Cleaning interval 2 years Length 10.60m Breadth 2.70m Depth of liquid 1.15m Free board 0.45 Distance of partition wall from inlet end 7.10 Dispersion trench Number of trenches 3 Length of trench 30m Width of trench 1m Depth below ground level 900mm Any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. sectional plan of septic tank and dispersion trench 2. longitudinal section of septic tank and dispersion trench 3. cross section of dispersion trench

Procedure:

1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command draw Septic tank with dispersion trench . 7. using hatch command where our necessary
Result:

Thus the Septic tank with dispersion trench are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software.

11

12

3.[b] SEPTIC TANK WITH SOAK PIT Aim: To draw the Septic tank with soak pit using AutoCAD software. Problem Following are the particulars of a septic tank with soak pit for 20users Septic tank Cleaning interval 2 years Liquid depth 1.8m Free board 0.3m Length of tank 2.3m Breadth of tank 1.10m Tank walls B.W. is c.m. 1:3200mm thick Floor of tank in C.C . 1:2:3 200mm thick with a slope of 1in 20 for collecting sludge Diameter of inlet 100mm Diameter of T Shaped outlet 100,m Precast of R.C.C cover slab 100mm thick Diameter of ventilating pipe 50mm Size of distribution box 0.75m x0.75m Soak Pit : Inner diameter 1.5 Depth below invert level of inlet pipe 2m Lining (walls) with dry open jointed B.W. 200mm thick Any more data required may be assumed suitably

Draw the following views to a suitable scale 1. Sectional plan of septic tank with soak pit empty / soak pit filled 2. longitudinal section of septic tank with soak pit empty filled Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line & circle command draw Septic tank with soak pit . 7. using hatch command where our necessary Result: Thus the Septic tank with soak pit are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software.

13

14

Specifications As per I.S. 2470 Part I and II 1. Dimensions: Septic tank shall have minimum width of 750 mm and a minimum depth of liquid as 1m below water level and a minimum liquid capacity of 1 cubic meter . The length of the tank shall be 2 to 4 times the width . 2. Sludge Digestion a) for Indian conditions, per capita contribution of dry solids is assumed at 70gram per day . b) The capacity required for sludge digestion assumed 0.033m3 per capita at 250 C c) volume of digested sludge assumed at 0.00021m3 per capita per day. 3. Detention period: It may workout to 24 to 48 hours based on average daily flow. 4. pipe diameter : A minimum nominal diameter of 150 mm is recommended . 5. Septic tank may be constructed of brick work, stone work, concrete or other suitable materials. 6. The effluent from the septic tank should be disposed off by seepage pit method or dispersion trench method. Assumptions: a) It is rectangular in plan, and for the walls in brick masonry the thickness is kept not less than 200mm.

b) For smaller tanks liquid depth of 1m is provided, for larger tanks it may be upto 1.8m. free board of 300 to 450mm is provided above the level of liquid for scum, gases, fixing of pipes etc. c) An elbow pipe , usually T- pipe submerged to a depth of 150 250mm below the liquid level is provided as inlet pipe. More number of inlet pipes may be provided for larger tanks. d) Single elbow or T- shaped outlet pipe is provided. it should also be submerged at least 150mm below the liquid level. for every larger tanks, weir type outlet similar of settling tanks are provided e) In smaller tanks one baffle of hanging types is enough and the baffle is usually placed 200 to 300mm from the inlet pipe and remains 250mm above 300mm below the liquid level. outlet baffle is provided only in large tanks, when weir type outlet is provided. f) Usually R.C.C. slab with C.I manhole covers are provided. g) Ventilation pipe of usually 75 to 100mm diameter of A.C. or C.I. is used for taking out the foul smells . Their tops are provided with cowls. h) Larger tanks are provided with partition walls as the capacity of the first chamber is twice as that of the second chamber . suitable openings at a depth of 300mm from water level is also provided.

15

16

4. BIOGAS PLANT ( FLOATING TYPE) Aim: To draw the Biogas plant software. Specifications The particulars of a floating type biogas plant are Diameter of cylindrical drum 2000mm Height of 1350mm digest well from foundation to corniceusing AutoCAD

Size of cornice - 75 x 300mm Size of inlet tank 750 x 750 x 600 mm Size of outlet tank 600 x 600 x600 mm Diameter of inlet and inlet pipe 100mm Any more data required may be assumed suitably . Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Sectional elevation 2. Top plan Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line & circle command draw Biogas plant 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Biogas plant are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Height of inlet and outlet at the digester wall 700mm height of the end of inlet and outlet from the bottom of digester wall 300mm Height of drum - 1000mm Thickness of foundation concrete for digester well 150mm Thickness of brick wall in cm 1:4 230mm Thickness of partition wall 150mm Size of brick pillar at the centre 230 x 230mm

17

18

5. R.C.C. SQUARE OVER HEAD TANK SUPPORTED BY FOUR COLUMNS

Size of column footing

1400x1400mm -

Aim: To draw the R.C.C. Square over head tank supported by four columns using AutoCAD software. Problem: The particulars of a R.C.C. square overhead tank supported by four columns are Size of the tank 3300 x 3300 mm 0.5m 150mm 150mm 100mm -250x 450 mm 250x250mm 250x300mm 6M 600mmx600mm 2.5m 1200mm 3m

Diameter of inlet, outlet and overflow pipes 200mm Diameter of scour pipe Diameter of vent pipe -

150mm 150mm

Any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Sectional elevation 2. Plan Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command R.C.C. Square over head tank supported by four columns are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the R.C.C. Square over head tank supported by four columns are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Height of wall of the tank Free board -

Thickness of bottom slab Thickness of tank wall Thickness of cover slab

Size of beam at top of column Size of column Size of braces -

Height of column from G.L Size of manhole -

Depth of water inside the tank Depth of foundation below G.L.

19

20

6. R.C.C. SLAB CULVERTS WITH SPLAYED WING WALLS Aim: To draw the R.C.C. Slab culverts with splayed wing walls using AutoCAD software Problem: The following are the particulars for a R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall. Natural drain Flows perpendicular to the centre line of roadway Bed width Bed level Ground level Side slop Embankment : Road embankment Top width Top level side slope 5300mm +82.7m 1:1 2500mm +80.00m +80.50m 1:1

Distance between the inner face of abutment 2500mm Deck slab 250mm +82.70m 450mm -

Thickness of R.C.C. slab Bearing on abutment

Size of cement concrete bed block 450x200mm Length of bed block Abutment: Abutment with R.R. masonry in cm 1:5 top width Top level Bottom level -82.45m +79.50 600mm -

5300mm

External side vertical and earth side battered Wing wall: Wing wall with R.R. masonry in cm1:5 wing wall are splayed at 450 with abutment Top width 500mm

Same slope as for embankment to the top of wall from +82.7m to +81.00m

21

Bottom level Battered at earth side Return wall

+79.50m

Width of wall Height of wall Length of wall

450mm 750mm 3700mm - 200mm

Return wall with R.R. masonry in cm 1:5 Top width Top level Bottom level 500cm +81.00m +79.50m - 2250mm

Thickness of cement concrete coping

Talus or bed pitching and revetment along sides Bed under the culvert and for sufficient length towards the upstream and down stream sides and also the sides of the drain are pitched with dry ribble 300 thick. Wearing coat: Wearing coat with bituminous surfacing for an average thickness of 100mm over the deck slab and over a course with rubble of thickness 250mm in the remaining portion. Guard stones: Size of stone Height of stone Spacing of stone - 250mm x250mm - 450mm 2000mm c/c

Length parallel to the embankment Foundation for walls: Foundations in C.C. 1:4:8

Offset 300mm provided around all walls Bottom level for abutment - +78.90 +79.20m

Bottom level for other walls -

Clear width of roadway between kerb 4000m Width of Kerb Height of kerb above slab Road level at crown Parapet walls: Parapet walls with R.R. masonry in cm 1:4 200mm 300mm +82.80

Any more data required may be assumed suitably . Draw the following view to a suitable scale 1. Half plan at top and half at foundation level.

22

2. Half sectional elevation along the centre line of road and half front elevation. 3. cross section along the centre line of drain To find out sections of abutment , wing wall and return well. Abutment

Minimum height of wing wall - (81.00 79.50m - 1.5m Bottom width at +81.00 level - 0.4(81.00-79.50)

- 600mm say 700mm Return wall: Top width Top level Bottom level Bottom width Wing wall: Section of wing wall is same as abutment section at the abutment side (at +82.7 m level ) and the section at the other side (at + 81.00m level) may be found out as. Top width -500mm 600 +82.45m +79.50m 0.4 x h 1180m - 0.4(82.45 -79.5) - say 1300mm Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall. are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software Section of return wall is same as the section of wing wall of +81.00m level.

Top level at abutment side - +82.7m Top level at other side Bottom level - +81.00m - +79.50m

23

24

7. TWO SPAN PIPE CULVERT Aim: To draw the Two span pipe culvert using AutoCAD software Problem: The specifications for a pipe culvert are Road embankment and stream Width of road Bed level of stream Road level - 4700mm - +50.00m - +52.10m

Width of seating at bottom Width of seating at top

2700mm

- 3200mm

Details of retaining walls at ends of pipes Top level Top width Bottom width Bottom level Front face vertical Width of foundation concrete - 4200mm - +52.15m 500mm 1100mm + 49.25m

Thickness of foundation concrete - 300mm Parapet: - 1:1 Length Height - 4200mm - 750mm above road level - 400mm from +52.150m

Thickness of road metalling 250mm Slop of earthen road embankment Pipes: Number of pipes - 2

Thickness

Diameter of cement concrete hume pipes 1000mm Thickness of the pipes Spacing of pipes Pipe joints - 50mm - 1600 mm c/c - collar joint in cm 1:2

coping 100mm thick Earth filling Earth filling above hume pipes - 650mm and over which road metals provided . Finally surface dressing for 100mm thickness is provided Bed pitching

Pipes seated in cement concrete 500m thick the concrete is laid 200mm below bed level. Seating at ends have slope 1:1/2 on inner side

25

Rough stone pitching 450mm thick for 2000 mm length both in u/s and D/s sides and a bell bund from +51.75 to + 50.00m Any more data required may be assumed suitably Draw the following views in a suitable scale 1. 2. 3. 4. Half plan at top and half at foundation level Longitudinal section Front elevation Beading details of pipes

8. TWO SPAN TEE BEAM BRIGE WITH SQUARE RETURNS Aim: To draw the Two span tee beam briage with square returns using AutoCAD software Problem: The following are the particulars of a two span TBeam bridge with square returns Bed level Full supply level +25.00n 26.40m +24.70m +24.70m 300mm +27.50m +28.35m +27.65m 0.3m 7.6m 3.5m 7.0m

Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Two span pipe culvert Auto CAD 2008 software are drawn using

Top of foundation for allwalls

Bottom of foundation for allwalls Offset for foundation concrete Road level Top of parapet Top of kerb Width of kerb Bed width of river Span length Width of linear water way -

26

27

Number of spans Top bund level Abutment: With C.R. masonry in cm 1:5 Top width Bottom width -

2 +27.15m

No. of tee beam Size of tee beam Slab: Thickness of R.C.slab -

0.15 x0.3m

- 250m

600mm 1000mm

Parapet: Thickness 300mm 300x300mm

Water face vertical length of abutment 6.1m bed bock Return Wall: With C.R. masonry in cm 1:5 Length of return wall Top width Bottom width Front face vertical Pier With C.R. masonry in cm 1:5 Width Length of pier Beam: 600mm 6.1m 3.5m 600mm 1000mm - 0.6x0.6x0.15 in CC 1:3:6

Pillars for hand rails -

Coping for parapet wall and pillars 0.1 m thick Size of R.C.C. vertical post for hand rails 0.1x0.1x0.7m Size of pipe for hand rails Road way : Width of road way 4.4m - 5.4m 25mm

Width of road way in the approach Revetment and bed pitching

Length of rough stone revetment and bed pitching at U/S and D/S sides 2000m Thickness of revetment 300m

Any more data required may be assumed suitably

28

Draw the following views in a suitable scale 1. Half plan at foundation and half plan at top 2. Half sectional elevation along the road way and half front elevation 3. Half cross section along the centre line of pier and half section across the road. Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Two span tee beam bridge with square returns are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Two span tee beam bridge with square returns are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

29

30

9. SIMPLY SUPPORTED ONE WAY SLAB Aim: To draw the Simply supported one way slab using AutoCAD software Problem: The following are the particulars of a simply supported one way roof slab Clear span 4m

2. Plan at bottom showing reinforcement arrangements 3. Plan at showing reinforcement arrangements 4. Prepare bar bending schedule for 1m width of slab Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Simply supported one way slab are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Simply supported one way slab are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Width of supported walls - 400mm Total thickness of slab Clean cover Main reinforcement steel rods@ 280mm c/c Distributors @ 220mm c/c - 150mm 15mm

- 12mm Dia Fe 415

- 8mm dia Fe 415 steel rods

Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitably Draw the following views to a suitable scale 1. Cross section of the slab showing reinforcement details

31

32

10.

SIMPLY SUPPORTED TWO WAY SLAB (CORNERS NOT HELD DOWN)

Draw the following views to a suitable scale 1. Section along shorter span showing reinforcement details 2. Section along span showing reinforcement details 3. Plan showing the reinforcement details at bottom and at top 4. Prepare a bar bending schedule .

Aim: To draw the Simply supported two way slab( corners not held down) using AutoCAD software problem: The following are the particulars of a simply supported two way slab ,and in which corners are not held down. Size of the room Thickness of slab Width of supporting walls Clear cover 4.3 x5.6m 140mm 300mm 15mm

Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Simply supported two way slab( corners not held down) are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Simply supported two way slab( corners not held down) are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Reinforcement along shorter span Fe 415 steel 10mm @ 210mm c/c Reinforcement along longer span steel @ 220 mm c/c 8mm Fe 415

Distributors at top for the main reinforcement in both directions 8mm Fe 415 steel @ 290mm c/c Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement maybe adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitable.

33

34

11.

RESTRAINED TWOWAY SLAB (CORNERS HELD DOWN)

12mm Fe 415 steel @160mm c/c. along both spans. Distributors at top for the main reinforcement 12 mm. Fe415 steel @ 160 mm c/c. Torsion reinforcement Both at top and bottom 10mm Fe 415 steel @ 110mm c/c in both directions forming a mesh. Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Section along shorter span middle strip showing reinforcement details 2. Section along longer span middle strip showing reinforcement details. 3. Plan showing arrangement of reinforcement at bottoms. 4. Plan showing arrangement of reinforcement at top. 5. Prepare a bar bending schedule.

Aim: To draw the Restrained two way slab (corners held down) using AutoCAD software

Problem
The following are the particulars of a Simply supported two way slab and in which corners are held down. Size of room - 7.00 x 5.00 m Width of support 300 mm Thickness of slab 150 mm Clear cover -15mm Reinforcement in the middle strip. Reinforcement along shorter span 12mm Fe415 steel @100mm c/c Reinforcement along longer span 12mm Fe 415 steel @ 150mm c/c Reinforcement in the edge strips

35

36

Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Restrained two way slab (corners held down) are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Restrained two way slab (corners held down) are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

37

38

12. SINGLY REINFORCED BEAM (PARTIALLY FIXED)

Problem: The following are the particulars of a Singly reinforced partially fixed beam. Clear span 5000 mm Width of supports 300 mm Size of beams 300 x 550 mm Clear cover to steel rods 25 mm Main reinforcement (tensile) - 16 mm Fe 415 steel 6Nos. Hanger rods 12 mm Fe4l5steel 2 Nos Shear reinforcement Two legged stirrups 8mm Fe 415 steel @ 150mm Reinforcement at top at supports for negative moment 16mm Fe41 5 steel 3 nos for a length of 0.11 or Id whichever in greater and anchored sufficiently.

Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Longitudinal section of the beam showing reinforcement details. 2. Top and bottom plan showing arrangement of bars. 3. Cross sectional view of the beam at mid span and at supports. 4. Prepare a bar bending schedule.
Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Singly Reinforced are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Singly Reinforced are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

39

40

13. DOUBLY REINFORED BEAM (PARTIALLY FIXED)

adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to suitable scale.

Aim: To draw the Doubly reinforced beam (partially fixed) using AutoCAD software

1. Longitudinal section J/he beam showing reinforcement details. 2. Top and bottom plans showing arrangement of bars. 3. Cross sectional view of the beams at mid span and at supports. 4. Prepare a bar bending schedule.

Problem The following are the particulars of a doubly reinforced partially fixed beam. Clear span 4500mm

Procedure:

Width of supports Size of beam -

300 mm 300x500mm
1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Doubly reinforced beam (partially fixed) are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Doubly reinforced beam (partially fixed) are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Tensile reinforcement - 16 mm Fe 415 Compressive reinforcement - 16 mm Fe 415 steel 3 Nos. Shear reinforcement 8 mm Fe 415

Steel 2 legged stirrups at 1pLcIc upto a distance of 25, mm from the face of supports. on each side and at 260 mm c/c the remaining portion. Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be

41

42

14. TEE BEAMS SUPPORTING CONTIUOUS SLAB Aim: To draw the Tee beam supporting continuous slab using AutoCAD software

Main reinforcement for positive moment at Interior span 10mm Fe 415 steel @300mm c/c. Main reinforcement for negative moment at Interior support 10 mm Fe 415 steel 230 mm c/c. Distribution 8 mm Fe 415 steel 340 mm c/c. Reinforcement in Tee Beam Main (Tensile) reinforcement - 20 mm Fe 415 steel 5 Nos. Hanger rods 12 mm Fe 415 steel 2 Nos. Shear reinforcement 2 legged stirrups 8mm Fe 415 steel @25OmmcIc. Reinforcement at top at support 16 mm Fe 415 steel 2 Nos for a length 0.1 l or Ld whichever in greater and anchored sufficiently. Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed. suitably.

Problem
The following are the particulars of a continuous one way slab over Tee beams. Clear size of room Spacing of Tee beams Depth of Tee beams Breadth of web or rib Width of support Thickness of slab Reinforcement in slab Main reinforcement for positive moment at end spans 10 mm Fe 415 steel @300 mm c/c. Main reinforcement for negative moment at support next to end support 10 mm Fe 415 steel at 290 mm c/c. l5mx5m 3m c/c 450 mm (over all) 250 mm 250 mm 120mm

43

44

Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Lay out of beams 2. Cross section of beam and slab for end span and interior span showing reinforcement details. 3. Plan showing reinforcement details at bottom and at top. 4. Longitudinal section of Tee beam. 5. Cross section of beam at mid span and at supports. 6. Prepare a bar bending schedule for all spans except beam portion for 1 m width of slab.
Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command Tee beam supporting continuous slab are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Tee beam supporting continuous slab are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

45

46

15. DOG LEGGED STAIRCASE

50% of the main reinforcement are provided at the bottom of landing slab and extended to the top of waist slab for a length of 0.151 or Ld whichever is greater. Anchorage and curtailment of Reinforcement may b with standard values and any more data required may be suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Plan and elevation of dog legged stair. 2. Section of waist slab (First flight) 3. Section of waist slab (Second flight) 4. Details of steps. 5. Prepare a bar bending schedule
Procedure: 1. switch on the computer 2. Load Auto CAD 2008 3. Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter 4. Setting limits 5. Zoom All 6. Using Line command dog legged staircase are drawn. 7. using hatch command where our necessary 8. Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the dog legged staircase are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Problem The following are the particulars of a dog legged staircase. Clear size of staircase room Width of supporting walls 5.9 m x 3.4 m 230 mm

Vertical distance between the floors - 3.3 m Width of flight Width of landing Number of flights No. of riser in each flight No. of treads in each flight Rise Tread Thickness of waist slab 1600mm 1600 mm 2 11 10 150 mm 270 mm 250 mm

Main reinforcement 10 mm Fe 415 steel @ 120 mm c/c Distributors 8mm Fe 415 steel @ 160 mm c/c

47

48

16. LINTEL AND SUNSHADE

Main (tensile) reinforcement --10mm Fe4l5steel 2 Nos. Shear reinforcement - Fe4l5steel8mm 2 legged stirrups 175 mm c/c

Problem
The following are the particulars of a lintel with sunshade. Clear span of lintel 2m Bearing on either side 300 mm Size of lintel 300 x 200 mm Width of brick wall 300 mm Width of Sunshade 0.9 m Thickness of Sunshade 100mm at support and 50 mm at free end Reinforcement details: Lintel 12 mm Fe 415 steel (5 Nos.) Sunshade

Main reinforcement mm @ 230 mm c/c. Distributors mm 300 mm c/c

Fe 415 steel 10

Fe 415 steel 8

Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitably

49

50

Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Longitudinal section of lintel. 2. Cross section of lintel and Sunshade at mid span and at support. 3. Plan of lintel and Sunshade. 4. Prepare a bar bending schedule for the lintel and Sunshade. Hanger rods Shear reinforcement Procedure: switch on the computer Load Auto CAD 2008 Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter
Setting limits Zoom All

Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall are drawn. using hatch command where our necessary Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the Lintel and sunshade are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

51

52

Anchorage and curtailment of reinforcement may be 17. R.C.C. COLUMN WITH FOOTING (SQUARE) Aim: To draw the R.C.C. column with footing using AutoCAD software Problem The following are the particulars of a R.C.C. square column with square footing. Size of column Clear cover 400 mm x 400 mm 40mm 2.4m x 2.4m 600mm at column face and 150mm at ends 50mm 75 mm adopted with standard values and any more data required may be assumed suitably. Draw the following views to a suitable scale. 1. Plan of column with reinforcement details. 2. Sectional view of column with footing. 3. Plan of footing showing reinforcement details. 4. Prepare a bar bending schedule for column and footing (for I m height of column) Procedure: switch on the computer Load Auto CAD 2008 Setting units ( ii) set the unit as decimal & millimeter Setting limits Zoom All Using Line command R.C.C. slab culvert with splayed wing wall are drawn. using hatch command where our necessary Dotted lines are drawn using line type. Result: Thus the R.C.C. column with footing are drawn using Auto CAD 2008 software

Size of footing Depth of footing -

Bottom cover Cover at side Reinforcement details Column Column Longitudinal reinforcement - 22 mm Fe 415 steel 8 Nos. Lateral ties - 8 mm Fe 415 steel _____ @ 280 mm c/c. Footing 16 mm Fe415 steel 16 Nos in each direction

53