Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution

BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 1 of 18

Part A
1.
0 y x
t y x x
= ' + '
= + ' '
Let x z ' = ; x z ' ' = '
t y x z = + '
0 y z = ' + #
2.
t x x x
t sin x x
2 1 1
2 1
= + ' ' ' '
= ' ' ' '
Let
1 3
x x ' = ;
1 3 4
x x x ' ' = ' = ;
1 3 4
x x x ' ' ' = ' ' = '
2 5
x x ' = ;
2 5
x x ' ' = '
t sin x x
5 3
= ' '
t x x x
2 3 4
= + ' #
3.
2 2 1 2
1 2 1 1
x x x x
x x 4 x 3 x
+ ' ' = ' '
' + ' = ' '
Let
1 3
x x ' = ;
1 3
x x ' ' = '
2 4
x x ' = ;
2 4
x x ' ' = '
1 4 3 3
x x 4 x 3 x + = '
2 4 3 4
x x x x + = ' #
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 2 of 18
Part B
1. 0 y x x = ' + + ' (1)
0 y y 2 x x = + ' + ' (2)
0 Dy x Dx = + +
0 y Dy 2 x Dx = + +
0 Dy x ) 1 D ( = + + (3) ) 1 D 2 ( +
0 y ) 1 D 2 ( x ) 1 D ( = + + (4) D
0 y ) 1 D 2 ( D x ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( = + + + + (5)
0 y ) 1 D 2 ( D x ) 1 D ( D = + + (6)
(5) (6) : 0 x ) 1 D ( D x ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( = + +
0 x ) D D ( x ) 1 D 2 D D 2 (
2 2
= + + +
0 x ) 1 D 4 D (
2
= + +
0 x x 4 x = + ' + ' '
Aux. eqn: 0 1 k 4 k
2
= + + ; 27 . 0
2
12 4
) 1 ( 2
) 1 )( 1 ( 4 4 4
k
2
=

=

= , 73 . 3

t 73 . 3
1
t 27 . 0
1
e B e A x

+ =
t 73 . 3
1
t 27 . 0
1
e B 73 . 3 e A 27 . 0 x

= '
0 Dy x ) 1 D ( = + + (3) ) 1 D (
0 y ) 1 D 2 ( x ) 1 D ( = + + (4) ) 1 D ( +
0 Dy ) 1 D ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D ( = + + (7)
0 y ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D ( = + + + + (8)
(8) (7) : 0 y ) 1 D ( D y ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( = + +
0 y ) D D ( y ) 1 D 2 D D 2 (
2 2
= + + +
0 y ) 1 D 4 D (
2
= + +
0 y y 4 y = + + ' '
Aux. eqn: 0 1 k 4 k
2
= + + ; 27 . 0
2
12 4
) 1 ( 2
) 1 )( 1 ( 4 4 4
k
2
=

=

= , 73 . 3

t 73 . 3
2
t 27 . 0
2
e B e A y

+ =
t 73 . 3
2
t 27 . 0
2
e B 73 . 3 e A 27 . 0 y

= '
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 3 of 18
1 D 4 D ) 1 D ( D ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D (
1 D 2 1 D
D 1 D
2
+ + = + + =
+
+
No of arbitrary constant 2 =
Put x, x' , y' in (1);
0 y x x = ' + + ' (1)
0 e B 73 . 3 e A 27 . 0 e B e A e B 73 . 3 e A 27 . 0
t 73 . 3
2
t 27 . 0
2
t 73 . 3
1
t 27 . 0
1
t 73 . 3
1
t 27 . 0
1
= + +

Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t 27 . 0
e

: 0 A 27 . 0 A A 27 . 0
2 1 1
= +
1 2
A 73 . 0 A 27 . 0 =
1 2
A 7 . 2 A =
t 73 . 3
e

: 0 B 73 . 3 B B 73 . 3
2 1 1
= +
1 2
B 73 . 2 B 73 . 3 =
1 2
B 73 . 0 B =

t 73 . 3
1
t 27 . 0
1
e B e A x

+ = #
t 73 . 3
1
t 27 . 0
1
t 73 . 3
2
t 27 . 0
2
e B 73 . 0 e A 7 . 2 e B e A y

= + = #
{
t 5
2 1
e c
2
3
c x

= ;
t 5
2 1
e c c y

+ = }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 4 of 18
2. 1 y y x 2 x = ' ' + ' ' (1)
2 y 2 y 2 x x 2 = + ' + + ' (2)
1 y y D x 2 x D
2 2
= +
2 y 2 Dy 2 x Dx 2 = + + +
1 y ) 1 D ( x ) 2 D (
2 2
= + (3) ) 2 D 2 ( +
2 y ) 2 D 2 ( x ) 1 D 2 ( = + + + (4) ) 1 D (
2

2 1 ) 2 D 2 ( y ) 1 D )( 2 D 2 ( x ) 2 D )( 2 D 2 (
2 2
= + = + + + (5) {2D(1)=0}
2 2 ) 1 D ( y ) 2 D 2 )( 1 D ( x ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D (
2 2 2
= = + + + (6) { 0 ) 2 ( D
2
= }
(5) (6) : 4 x ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( x ) 2 D )( 2 D 2 (
2 2
= + +
4 x ) 1 D 2 D D 2 ( x ) 4 D 2 D 4 D 2 (
2 3 2 3
= + +
4 x ) 3 D 2 D (
2
=
4 x 3 x 2 x = ' ' '
Aux. eqn: 0 3 k 2 k
2
= ; 0 ) 3 k )( 1 k ( = + ; 1 k = , 3
t 3
1
t
1 c
e B e A x + =

Let
1 p
C x = ; 0 x
p
= ' ; 0 x
p
= ' ' ;
4 C 3
1
=
3
4
1
C =
3
4 t 3
1
t
1
e B e A x + =

#
t 3
1
t
1
e B 3 e A x + = '

;
t 3
1
t
1
e B 9 e A x + = ' '

;
1 y ) 1 D ( x ) 2 D (
2 2
= + (3) ) 1 D 2 ( +
2 y ) 2 D 2 ( x ) 1 D 2 ( = + + + (4) ) 2 D (
2

1 1 ) 1 D 2 ( y ) 1 D )( 1 D 2 ( x ) 2 D )( 1 D 2 (
2 2
= + = + + + (7) {2D(1)=0}
4 2 ) 2 D ( y ) 2 D 2 )( 2 D ( x ) 1 D 2 )( 2 D (
2 2 2
= = + + + (8) { 0 ) 2 ( D
2
= }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 5 of 18
(7) (8) : 5 y ) 2 D 2 )( 2 D ( y ) 1 D )( 1 D 2 (
2 2
= + +
5 y ) 4 D 4 D 2 D 2 ( y ) 1 D D 2 D 2 (
2 3 2 3
= + +
5 y ) 3 D 2 D (
2
= + +
5 y ) 3 D 2 D (
2
=
5 y 3 y 2 y = ' ' '
Aux. eqn: 0 3 k 2 k
2
= ; 0 ) 3 k )( 1 k ( = + ; 1 k = , 3
Let
2 p
C y = ; 0 y
p
= ' ; 0 y
p
= ' ' ;
5 C 3
2
=
3
5
2
C =
3
5 t 3
2
t
2
e B e A y + + =

#
t 3
2
t
2
e B 3 e A y + = '

;
t 3
2
t
2
e B 9 e A y + = ' '

) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( ) 2 D 2 )( 1 D (
2 D 2 1 D 2
1 D 1 D
2 2
2 2
+ + =
+ +

) 1 D 2 D D 2 ( 2 D 2 D 2 D 2
2 3 2 3
+ + =
3 D
2
+ =
No of arbitrary constant 2 =
Put x, x' ' , y , y' ' in (1);
1 y y x 2 x = ' ' + ' ' (1)
1 ) e B e A ( e B 9 e A ) e B e A ( 2 e B 9 e A
3
5 t 3
2
t
2
t 3
2
t
2 3
4 t 3
1
t
1
t 3
1
t
1
= + + + + + +

0 ) e B e A ( e B 9 e A ) e B e A ( 2 e B 9 e A
t 3
2
t
2
t 3
2
t
2
t 3
1
t
1
t 3
1
t
1
= + + + + +

Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t
e

: 0 A A A 2 A
2 2 1 1
= + 0 A
1
=
: e
t 3
0 B B 9 B 2 B 9
2 2 1 1
= + ;
1 2
B 7 B 8 =
1 8
7
2
B B =

3
4 t 3
1
e B x = #
3
5 t 3
1 8
7 t
2 3
5 t 3
2
t
2
e B e A e B e A y + = + + =

#
{
t 3
1 3
4
e c x + = ,
t
2
t 3
1 8
7
3
5
e c e c y

+ = }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 6 of 18
3. z y x 2 x + = ' ; 0 ) 0 ( x =
z y 2 x y + + = ' ; 1 ) 0 ( y =
y x z + = ' ; 0 ) 0 ( z =
0 z y x 2 Dx = + ) D ( ; 0 Dz Dy Dx 2 x D
2
= +
0 z y 2 Dy x = + ) D ( ; 0 Dz Dy 2 y D Dx
2
= +
0 Dz y x = +
0 Dz Dy x ) D 2 D (
2
= + (1)
0 Dz y ) D 2 D ( Dx
2
= + (2)
0 Dz y x = + (3)
(1) (2) : 0 y ) D 2 D ( Dy Dx x ) D 2 D (
2 2
= + ;
0 y ) D 3 D ( x ) D 3 D (
2 2
= (4) ) 1 D (
(2) + (3) : 0 y y ) D 2 D ( x Dx
2
= +
0 y ) 1 D 2 D ( x ) 1 D (
2
= + (5) ) D 3 D (
2

0 y ) D 3 D )( 1 D ( x ) D 3 D )( 1 D (
2 2
= (6)
0 y ) 1 D 2 D )( D 3 D ( x ) 1 D )( D 3 D (
2 2 2
= + (7)
(7) (6) : 0 y ) D 3 D )( 1 D ( y ) 1 D 2 D )( D 3 D (
2 2 2
= +
0 y ) D 3 D D 3 D ( y ) D 3 D 6 D 3 D D 2 D (
2 2 3 2 3 2 3 4
= + + + +
0 y ) D 6 D D 4 D (
2 3 4
= + +
0 y 6 y y 4 y
) 4 (
= ' + ' ' + ' ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k 6 k k 4 k
2 3 4
= + + ; 0 ) 6 k k 4 k ( k
2 3
= + + ;
0 ) 6 k 5 k )( 1 k ( k
2
= + + ; 0 ) 3 k )( 2 k )( 1 k ( k = + ;
0 k = , 1 , 2 , 3
t 3
2
t 2
2
t
2 2
e D e C e B A y + + + =

1 ) 0 ( y = ;
2 2 2 2
D C B A 1 + + + =
0 y ) D 3 D ( x ) D 3 D (
2 2
= (4) ) 1 D 2 D (
2

0 y ) 1 D 2 D ( x ) 1 D (
2
= + (5) ) D 3 D (
2

Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 7 of 18
0 y ) D 3 D )( 1 D 2 D ( x ) D 3 D )( 1 D 2 D (
2 2 2 2
= (8)
0 y ) 1 D 2 D )( D 3 D ( x ) 1 D )( D 3 D (
2 2 2
= + (9)
(8) (9) : 0 x ) 1 D )( D 3 D ( x ) D 3 D )( 1 D 2 D (
2 2 2
=
0 x ) D 3 D 3 D D ( x ) D 3 D D 6 D 2 D 3 D (
2 2 3 2 2 3 3 4
= + + +
0 x ) D 9 D 6 D (
2 3 4
= +
0 x 9 x 6 x
) 4 (
= ' ' + ' ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k 9 k 6 k
2 3 4
= + ; 0 ) 9 k 6 k ( k
2 2
= + ; 0 ) 3 k )( 3 k ( k
2
=
0 k = , 0 , 3 , 3
t 3
1
t 3
1 1 1
te D e C t B A x + + + =
0 ) 0 ( x = ;
1 1 1
C B A 0 + + =
0 Dz Dy x ) D 2 D (
2
= + (1) ) D 2 D (
2

0 Dz y ) D 2 D ( Dx
2
= + (2) ) D (
0 Dz ) D 2 D ( Dy ) D 2 D ( x ) D 2 D )( D 2 D (
2 2 2 2
= + (10)
0 z ) D ( D y ) D 2 D ( D x ) D ( D
2
= + (11)
0 Dz y ) D 2 D ( Dx
2
= + (2) ) 1 (
0 Dz y x = + (3) ) D 2 D (
2

0 Dz y ) D 2 D ( Dx
2
= + (12)
0 Dz ) D 2 D ( y ) D 2 D ( x ) D 2 D (
2 2 2
= + (13)
(10) (11) : 0 z D z ) D 2 D ( x D x ) D 2 D )( D 2 D (
2 2 3 2 2 2
= +
0 z D z ) D 2 D ( x D x ) D 4 D 2 D 2 D (
2 2 3 2 2 3 3 4
= + +
0 z ) D 3 D ( x ) D 3 D 4 D (
2 3 2 3 4
= + (14) ) D D 3 (
2

(13) (12) : 0 Dz z ) D 2 D ( Dx x ) D 2 D (
2 3 2
= + +
0 z ) D D 2 D ( x ) D 3 D (
2 3 2
= + (15) ) D 3 D 4 D (
2 3 4
+
0 z ) D 3 D )( D D 3 ( x ) D 3 D 4 D )( D D 3 (
2 3 2 2 3 4 2
= + (16)
0 z ) D D 2 D )( D 3 D 4 D ( x ) D D 3 )( D 3 D 4 D (
2 3 2 3 4 2 2 3 4
= + + + (17)
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 8 of 18
(17) - (16) : 0 z ) D 3 D )( D D 3 ( z ) D D 2 D )( D 3 D 4 D (
2 3 2 2 3 2 3 4
= + +
z ) D 3 D 6 D 3 D 4 D 8 D 4 D D 2 D (
3 4 5 4 5 6 5 6 7
+ + +
0 z ) D 3 D D 9 D 3 (
4 5 3 4
= + +
0 z ) D 12 D 4 D 9 D 6 D (
3 4 5 6 7
= + +
0 z 12 z 4 z 9 z 6 z
) 4 ( ) 5 ( ) 6 ( ) 7 (
= ' ' ' + +
Aux. eqn : 0 k 12 k 4 k 9 k 6 k
3 4 5 6 7
= + + ; 0 ) 12 k 4 k 9 k 6 k ( k
2 3 4 3
= + + ;
0 ) 12 k 16 k 7 k )( 1 k ( k
2 3 3
= + + ; 0 ) 6 k 5 k )( 2 k )( 1 k ( k
2 3
= + + ;
0 ) 3 k )( 2 k )( 2 k )( 1 k ( k
3
= + ; 0 ) 3 k ( ) 2 k )( 1 k ( k
2 3
= +
0 k = , 0 , 0 , -1, 2 , 2 , 3
t 3
3
t 2
3
t 2
3
t
3
2
3 3 3
e G te F e E e D t C t B A z + + + + + + =

0 ) 0 ( z = ;
3 3 3 3
G E D A 0 + + + =
D 2 D D
D D 2 D
D
D D
D D 2 D
1
D D 2 D
D D
1
D 1 1
D D 2 D D
D D D 2 D
2
2 2
2
2
2

+


=




2 2 2 2 2
D ) D 2 D )( D 2 D ( D ) D ( D ) D 2 D ( D ) D 2 D ( D ) D ( D + + + + =
) D D 4 D 2 D 2 D ( D ) D D 2 D ( ) D 2 D D (
2 3 3 4 2 2 3 2 3 2
+ + + + + + =
2 3 4 5 2 3 3 2
D D 4 D 4 D D 3 D D D 3 + + + =
2 3 4 5
D 5 D 2 D 4 D + + =
No of arbitrary constant 5 =
t 3
1
t 3
1 1 1
xe D e C t B A x + + + =
0 ) 0 ( x = ;
1 1 1
C B A 0 + + =
t 3
2
t 2
2
t
2 2
e D e C e B A y + + + =

1 ) 0 ( y = ;
2 2 2 2
D C B A 1 + + + =
t 3
3
t 2
3
t 2
3
t
3
2
3 3 3
e G te F e E e D t C t B A z + + + + + + =

0 ) 0 ( z = ;
3 3 3 3
G E D A 0 + + + =

t 3
3
t 2 t 2
3
t 2
3
t
3 3 3
e G 3 ) 1 ( e ) e 2 ( t F e E 2 e D t C 2 B z + + + + + = '

=
t 3
3
t 2
3
t 2
3
t
3 3 3
e G 3 ) 1 t 2 ( e F e E 2 e D t C 2 B + + + + +

Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 9 of 18
Put x, y , z' in (3);
0 Dz y x = + (3)
) e D e C e B A ( ) te D e C t B A (
t 3
2
t 2
2
t
2 2
t 3
1
t 3
1 1 1
+ + + + + +

0 ) e G 3 ) 1 t 2 ( e F e E 2 e D t C 2 B (
t 3
3
t 2
3
t 2
3
t
3 3 3
= + + + + + +

Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t
e

: 0 D B
3 2
=
2 3
B D =
t 2
e : 0 ) 1 t 2 ( F E 2 C
3 3 2
= + + +
) 1 t 2 ( F C E 2
3 2 3
+ =
) 1 t 2 ( F C E
3 2 2
1
3
+ =
t 3
e : 0 G 3 D t D C
3 2 1 1
= + +
2 1 1 3
D t D C G 3 + =
) D t D C ( G
2 1 1 3
1
3
+ =
{
t
3
t 2
2
t 3
1
e c e c e c x

+ + = ;
t
3
t 2
2
t 3
1
e c e c e c y

+ + = ;
t
3
t 2
2
e c 2 e c z

= ;
2
1
1
c = ;
3
1
2
c = ;
6
1
3
c = }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 10 of 18
4. z y x 3 x + = '
z y 3 x y + + = '
z y x z + + = '
0 z y x 3 Dx = + ; 0 z y x ) 3 D ( = + (1)
0 z y 3 Dy x = + ; 0 z y ) 3 D ( x = + (2)
0 z Dz y x = + ; 0 z ) 1 D ( y x = + (3)
(1) (2) : 0 y ) 3 D ( y x x ) 3 D ( = + (4)
(2) ) 1 D ( : 0 z ) 1 D ( y ) 3 D )( 1 D ( x ) 1 D ( = + (5)
(3) + (5) : 0 y y ) 3 D )( 1 D ( x x ) 1 D ( = + (6)
0 y ) 4 D ( x ) 4 D ( = (4) ) 2 D (
0 y ) 2 D 4 D ( x ) 2 D (
2
= + + (6) ) 4 D (
0 y ) 4 D )( 2 D ( x ) 4 D )( 2 D ( = (7)
0 y ) 2 D 4 D )( 4 D ( x ) 2 D )( 4 D (
2
= + + (8)
(8) (7) : 0 y ) 4 D )( 2 D ( y ) 2 D 4 D )( 4 D (
2
= + +
0 y ) 8 D 6 D ( y ) 8 D 16 D 4 D 2 D 4 D (
2 2 2 3
= + + + +
0 y ) D 12 D 7 D (
2 3
= +
0 y 12 y 7 y = ' + ' ' ' ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k 12 k 7 k
2 3
= + ; 0 ) 12 k 7 k ( k
2
= + ; 0 ) 4 k )( 3 k ( k =
0 k = , 3 , 4
t 4
2
t 3
2 2
e C e B A y + + =
0 y ) 4 D ( x ) 4 D ( = (4) ) 2 D 4 D (
2
+
0 y ) 2 D 4 D ( x ) 2 D (
2
= + + (6) ) 4 D (
0 y ) 4 D )( 2 D 4 D ( x ) 4 D )( 2 D 4 D (
2 2
= + + (9)
0 y ) 2 D 4 D )( 4 D ( x ) 2 D )( 4 D (
2
= + + (10)
(9) (10) : 0 x ) 2 D )( 4 D ( x ) 4 D )( 2 D 4 D (
2
= +
0 x ) 8 D 6 D ( x ) 8 D 2 D 16 D 4 D 4 D (
2 2 2 3
= + + +
0 x ) 16 D 24 D 9 D (
2 3
= +
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 11 of 18
0 x 16 x 24 x 9 x = ' + ' ' ' ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 16 k 24 k 9 k
2 3
= + ; 0 ) 16 k 8 k )( 1 k (
2
= + ;
0 ) 4 k )( 4 k )( 1 k ( = ; 0 ) 4 k )( 1 k (
2
=
1 k = , 4, 4
t 4
1
t 4
1
t
1
te C e B e A x + + =
0 z y x ) 3 D ( = + (1) ) 3 D (
0 z y ) 3 D ( x = + (2)
0 z ) 1 D ( y x = + (3) ) 3 D (
0 z ) 3 D ( y ) 3 D ( x ) 3 D )( 3 D ( = + (11)
0 z ) 1 D )( 3 D ( y ) 3 D ( x ) 3 D ( = + (12)
(11) (2) : 0 z z ) 3 D ( x x ) 3 D )( 3 D ( = +
0 z ) 4 D ( x ) 8 D 6 D (
2
= + + (13) ) 4 D (
(12) + (2) : 0 z z ) 1 D )( 3 D ( x x ) 3 D ( = + +
0 z ) 2 D 4 D ( x ) 4 D (
2
= + + (14) ) 8 D 6 D (
2
+
0 z ) 4 D )( 4 D ( x ) 8 D 6 D )( 4 D (
2
= + + (15)
0 z ) 2 D 4 D )( 8 D 6 D ( x ) 4 D )( 8 D 6 D (
2 2 2
= + + + + (16)
(16) + (15) : 0 z ) 4 D )( 4 D ( z ) 2 D 4 D )( 8 D 6 D (
2 2
= + + +
0 z ) 16 D ( z ) 16 D 24 D 8 D 12 D 24 D 6 D 2 D 4 D (
2 2 2 3 2 3 4
= + + + +
0 z ) D 36 D 33 D 10 D (
2 3 4
= +
0 z 36 z 33 z 10 z
) 4 (
= ' ' ' + ' ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k 36 k 33 k 10 k
2 3 4
= + ; 0 ) 36 k 33 k 10 k ( k
2 3
= + ;
0 ) 12 k 7 k )( 3 k ( k
2
= + ; 0 ) 4 k )( 3 k )( 3 k ( k =
0 k = , 3 , 3 , 4
t 4
3
t 3
3
t 3
3 3
e D te C e B A z + + + =
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 12 of 18
3 D 1
1 3 D
) 1 D (
1 1
1 3 D
1
1 3 D
1 1
1
1 D 1 1
1 3 D 1
1 1 3 D

+


=



1 ) 3 D )( 3 D ( ) 1 D ( ) 1 3 D ( ) 3 D 1 ( + + + + + =
) 8 D 6 D )( 1 D ( 4 D 4 D
2
+ + + + =
8 D 6 D D 8 D 6 D 8 D 2
2 2 3
+ + + + =
8 D 4 D 7 D
2 3
+ =
No of arbitrary constant 3
t 4
1
t 4
1
t
1
te C e B e A x + + =
t 4
2
t 3
2 2
e C e B A y + + =
t 4
3
t 3
3
t 3
3 3
e D te C e B A z + + + =

t 4
3
t 3 t 3
3
t 3
3
e D 4 ) 1 ( e ) e 3 ( t C e B 3 z + + + = '
t 4
3
t 3
3
t 3
3
e D 4 ) 1 t 3 ( e C e B 3 + + + =
Put x, y , z , z' in (3);
0 z z y x = ' + +
t 4
3
t 3
3
t 3
3 3
t 4
2
t 3
2 2
t 4
1
t 4
1
t
1
e D te C e B A e C e B A te C e B e A + + + + + + + + +
0 e D 4 ) 1 t 3 ( e C e B 3
t 4
3
t 3
3
t 3
3
= + + + +
Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t
e : 0 A
1
=
t 3
e : 0 t C 3 B 3 t C B B
3 3 3 3 2
= + + + +
t 4
e : 0 D 4 D C t C B
3 3 2 1 1
= + + + +
2 1 1 3
C t C B D 5 + + =
) C t C B ( D
2 1 1 5
1
3
+ + =
{
t 4
3
t 3
2
1
e c e c
2
c
x + = ;
t 4
3
t 3
2
1
e c e c
2
c
y + + = ;
t 3
2 1
e c c z + = }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 13 of 18
5.
y x x y
y y x 8 x
+ ' = ' '
' = ' '
0 y y x 8 x = + ' + ' ' ; 0 y Dy x 8 x D
2
= + +
0 y y x x = ' ' + ' ; 0 y y D x Dx
2
= +
0 y ) 1 D ( x ) 8 D (
2
= + + (1) ) 1 D (
2

0 y ) 1 D ( x ) 1 D (
2
= + (2) ) 1 D ( +
0 y ) 1 D )( 1 D ( x ) 8 D )( 1 D (
2 2 2
= + + (3)
0 y ) 1 D )( 1 D ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D (
2
= + + + (4)
) 4 ( ) 3 ( : 0 x ) 1 D )( 1 D ( x ) 8 D )( 1 D (
2 2
= +
0 x ) 1 D ( x ) 8 D D 8 D (
2 2 2 4
= +
0 x ) 9 D 10 D (
2 4
= +
0 x 9 x 10 x
) 4 (
= + ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 9 k 10 k
2 4
= + ; 0 ) 9 k )( 1 k (
2 2
= ; 1 k = , 3
t 3
1
t 3
1
t
1
t
1
e D e C e B e A x + + + =

0 y ) 1 D ( x ) 8 D (
2
= + + (1) ) 1 D (
0 y ) 1 D ( x ) 1 D (
2
= + (2) ) 8 D (
2

0 y ) 1 D )( 1 D ( x ) 8 D )( 1 D (
2
= + + (5)
0 y ) 1 D )( 8 D ( x ) 1 D )( 8 D (
2 2 2
= + (6)
) 5 ( ) 6 ( : 0 y ) 1 D )( 1 D ( y ) 1 D )( 8 D (
2 2
= +
0 y ) 1 D ( y ) 8 D 8 D D (
2 2 2 4
= +
0 y ) 9 D 10 D (
2 4
= +
0 y 9 y 10 y
) 4 (
= + ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 9 k 10 k
2 4
= + ; 0 ) 9 k )( 1 k (
2 2
= ; 1 k = , 3
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
e D e C e B e A y + + + =

Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 14 of 18
) 1 D )( 1 D ( ) 1 D )( 8 D (
1 D 1 D
1 D 8 D
2 2
2
2
+ + =

+
) 1 D ( 8 D 8 D D
2 2 2 4
+ =
1 D 10 D
2 4
+ =
No of arbitrary constant 4 =
t 3
1
t 3
1
t
1
t
1
e D e C e B e A x + + + =

;
t 3
1
t 3
1
t
1
t
1
e D 3 e C 3 e B e A x + + = '

;
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
e D e C e B e A y + + + =

;
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
e D 3 e C 3 e B e A y + + = '

;
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
e D 9 e C 9 e B e A y + + + = ' '

;
Put x, x' , y , y' ' in 0 y y x x = ' ' + ' ;
) e D e C e B e A ( e D 3 e C 3 e B e A
t 3
1
t 3
1
t
1
t
1
t 3
1
t 3
1
t
1
t
1
+ + + + +

0 ) e D e C e B e A ( e D 9 e C 9 e B e A
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
= + + + + + + +

Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t
e

: 0 A A A A
2 2 1 1
= + ; 0 A 2
1
= ; 0 A
1
=
t
e : 0 B B B B
2 2 1 1
= + ;
t 3
e

: 0 C C 9 C C 3
2 2 1 1
= + ;
1 2
C 4 C 8 = ;
1 2
1
2
C C =
t 3
e : 0 D D 9 D D 3
2 2 1 1
= + ;
1 2
CD 2 D 8 = ;
1 4
1
2
D D =

t 3
1
t 3
1
t
1
e D e C e B x + + =

t 3
1 4
1 t 3
1 2
1 t
2
t
2
t 3
2
t 3
2
t
2
t
2
e D e C e B e A e D e C e B e A y + + = + + + =

{
t 3
3
t 3
2
t
1
e c e c e c x

+ + = ;
t
4
t 3
3 2
1 t 3
2 4
1 t
1 2
7
e c e c e c e c y

+ + = }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 15 of 18
6.
0 y y 2 x
1 y 3 x 2 x
= ' ' ' + '
= ' + ' + ' '
1 Dy 3 x ) D 2 D (
2
= + + (1) ) D D 2 (
2

0 y ) D D 2 ( Dx
2
= + (2) D 3
0 1 ) D D 2 ( Dy 3 ) D D 2 ( x ) D 2 D )( D D 2 (
2 2 2 2
= = + + (3)
0 y ) D D 2 ( D 3 Dx ) D 3 (
2
= + (4)
) 4 ( ) 3 ( : 0 x D 3 x ) D 2 D )( D D 2 (
2 2 2
= +
0 x D 3 x ) D 2 D D 4 D 2 (
2 3 4 2 3
= +
0 x ) D D (
2 4
= +
0 x x
) 4 (
= ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k k
2 4
= ; 0 ) 1 k ( k
2 2
= ; 0 k = , 0 , 1
t
1
t
1 1 1
e D e C t B A x + + + =

1 Dy 3 x ) D 2 D (
2
= + + (1) D
0 y ) D D 2 ( Dx
2
= + (2) ) D 2 D (
2
+
0 1 ) D ( y ) D 3 ( D x ) D 2 D ( D
2
= = + + (5)
0 y ) D D 2 )( D 2 D ( Dx ) D 2 D (
2 2 2
= + + + (6)
) 5 ( ) 6 ( : 0 y D 3 y ) D D 2 )( D 2 D (
2 2 2
= +
0 y D 3 ) D 2 D 4 D D 2 (
2 3 2 4 3
= +
0 y ) D D (
2 4
= +
0 y y
) 4 (
= ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k k
2 4
= ; 0 ) 1 k ( k
2 2
= ; 0 k = , 0 , 1
t
2
t
2 2 2
e D e C t B A y + + + =

2 2 2
2
2
D 3 ) D D 2 )( D 2 D (
D D 2 D
D 3 D 2 D
+ =

+
2 3 4 3
D 3 D 2 D 4 D D 2 + =
D 4 D 3 D
2 4
+ =
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 16 of 18
No of arbitrary constant 4 =
t
1
t
1 1 1
e D e C t B A x + + + =

;
t
1
t
1 1
e D e C B x + = '

t
2
t
2 2 2
e D e C t B A y + + + =

;
t
2
t
2 2
e D e C B y + = '

t
2
t
2
e D e C y + = ' '

Put x' , y , y' ' in 0 y y 2 x = ' ' ' + ' ;
0 e D e C ) e D e C B ( 2 e D e C B
t
2
t
2
t
2
t
2 2
t
1
t
1 1
= + + + +

Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t
e

: 0 C C 2 C
2 2 1
= ;
1 2
C C 3 = ;
1 3
1
2
C C =
t
e : 0 D D 2 D
2 1 1
= + + ;
1 2
D 3 D =
Constant: 0 B
1
=

t
1
t
1 1
e D e C A x + + =

t
1
t
1 3
1
2 2
t
2
t
2 2 2
e D 3 e C t B A e D e C t B A y + = + + + =

{
t
3 1 2
e c c 2 c 3 t 2 1 x

+ + = ;
t
4
t
3 1 2
e c e c c c 2 t y

+ + + = }
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 17 of 18
7.
0 y y 2 x x
e y y 2 y x x
t 2
= + ' + '
= + ' ' ' + ' '
t 2 2 2
e y ) 1 D 2 D ( x ) 1 D ( = + + (1) ) 1 D 2 ( +
0 y ) 1 D 2 ( x ) 1 D ( = + + (2) ) 1 D 2 D (
2
+
t 2 t 2 t 2 t 2 2 2
e 5 e e 4 e ) 1 D 2 ( y ) 1 D 2 D )( 1 D 2 ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D 2 ( = + = + = + + + + (3)
0 y ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D 2 D ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D 2 D (
2 2
= + + + + (4)
) 3 ( ) 4 ( :
t 2 2 2
e 5 x ) 1 D )( 1 D 2 ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D 2 D ( = + +
t 2 2 3 2 2 3
e 5 x ) 1 D D 2 D 2 ( x ) 1 D D 2 D 2 D D ( = + + +
t 2 2 3
e 5 x ) D 5 D 4 D ( = +
t 2
e 5 x 5 x 4 x = ' ' ' + ' ' '
Aux. eqn : 0 k 5 k 4 k
2 3
= + ; 0 ) 5 k )( 1 k ( k = + ; 0 k = , 1, 5
t 5
1
t
1 1 c
e C e B A x

+ + =
Let
t 2
1 p
e D x = ;
t 2
1 p
e D 2 x = ' ;
t 2
1 p
e D 4 x = ' ' ;
t 2
1 p
e D 8 x = ' ' '
t 2 t 2
1
t 2
1
t 2
1
e 5 ) e D 2 ( 5 ) e D 4 ( 4 e D 8 = +
5 D 14
1
=
14
5
1
D =
t 2
14
5 t 5
1
t
1 1
e e C e B A x + + + =

t 2 2 2
e y ) 1 D 2 D ( x ) 1 D ( = + + (1) ) 1 D (
0 y ) 1 D 2 ( x ) 1 D ( = + + (2) ) 1 D (
2

t 2 t 2 t 2 t 2 2 2
e e e 2 e ) 1 D ( y ) 1 D 2 D )( 1 D ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D ( = = = + + (5)
0 y ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( x ) 1 D )( 1 D (
2 2
= + + (6)
) 6 ( ) 5 ( :
t 2 2 2
e y ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D ( y ) 1 D 2 D )( 1 D ( = + +
t 2 2 3 2 2 3
e y ) 1 D 2 D D 2 ( y ) 1 D 2 D D D 2 D ( = + + +
t 2 2 3
e y ) D 5 D 4 D ( = +
t 2
e y 5 y 4 y = ' ' ' +
Tutorial 3 Linear System DE Solution
BTB28403 Engineering Mathematics IV Page 18 of 18
Aux. eqn : 0 k 5 k 4 k
2 3
= + ; 0 ) 5 k )( 1 k ( k = + ; 0 k = , 1, 5
t 5
2
t
2 2 c
e C e B A y

+ + =
Let
t 2
2 p
e D y = ;
t 2
2 p
e D 2 y = ' ;
t 2
2 p
e D 4 y = ' ' ;
t 2
2 p
e D 8 y = ' ' '
t 2 t 2
2
t 2
2
t 2
2
e ) e D 2 ( 5 ) e D 4 ( 4 e D 8 = +
1 D 14
2
=
14
1
2
D =
t 2
14
1 t 5
2
t
2 2
e e C e B A y + + + =

) 1 D )( 1 D 2 D ( ) 1 D 2 )( 1 D (
1 D 2 1 D
1 D 2 D 1 D
2 2
2 2
+ + =
+
+
) 1 D D 2 D 2 D D ( 1 D 2 D D 2
2 2 3 2 3
+ + + =
D 5 D 4 D
2 3
+ =
No of arbitrary constant 3 =
t 2
14
5 t 5
1
t
1 1
e e C e B A x + + + =

;
t 2
14
10 t 5
1
t
1
e e C 5 e B x + = '

t 2
14
1 t 5
2
t
2 2
e e C e B A y + + + =

;
t 2
14
2 t 5
2
t
2
e e C 5 e B y + = '

Put x, x' , y , y' in 0 y y 2 x x = + ' + ' ;
) e e C 5 e B ( 2 ) e e C e B A ( e e C 5 e B
t 2
14
2 t 5
2
t
2
t 2
14
5 t 5
1
t
1 1
t 2
14
10 t 5
1
t
1
+ + + + + +

0 e e C e B A
t 2
14
1 t 5
2
t
2 2
= + + + +

Expression need to be zero for all value of t;
t
e : 0 B B 2 B B
2 2 1 1
= + + ; 0 B 3
2
= ; 0 B
2
=
t 2
e : 0
14
1
14
4
14
5
14
10
= + + ;
t 5
e

: 0 C C 10 C C 5
2 2 1 1
= + ;
1 2
C 6 C 9 = ;
1 3
2
2
C C =

t 2
14
5 t 5
1
t
1 1
e e C e B A x + + + =

t 2
14
1 t 5
3
2
2
e e A y + =

{
t
3
t 5
2 2
3 t 2
14
5
1
e c e c e c x + + =

;
t 2
14
1 t 5
2 1
e e c c y + =

}