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    Stewart&Gees Apparatus

    Uploaded by

    DR.P.V.Kanaka Rao
    This document provides instructions for performing the Stewart and Gees experiment to study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil. The magnetic field is measured using a deflection magnetometer placed along the axis. A graph is plotted of the tangent of the deflection angle versus distance from the coil center, which should match the theoretical curve described by the given equation for the magnetic field of a circular coil. The experiment involves measuring deflections at increasing distances in both directions and comparing the results to verify the tangent law relationship between magnetic fields.

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    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Stewart&Gees Apparatus

    Uploaded by

    DR.P.V.Kanaka Rao
    16K views3 pages
    This document provides instructions for performing the Stewart and Gees experiment to study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil. The magnetic field is measured using a deflection magnetometer placed along the axis. A graph is plotted of the tangent of the deflection angle versus distance from the coil center, which should match the theoretical curve described by the given equation for the magnetic field of a circular coil. The experiment involves measuring deflections at increasing distances in both directions and comparing the results to verify the tangent law relationship between magnetic fields.

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    This document provides instructions for performing the Stewart and Gees experiment to study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil. The magnetic field is measured using a deflection magnetometer placed along the axis. A graph is plotted of the tangent of the deflection angle versus distance from the coil center, which should match the theoretical curve described by the given equation for the magnetic field of a circular coil. The experiment involves measuring deflections at increasing distances in both directions and comparing the results to verify the tangent law relationship between magnetic fields.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    16K views3 pages

    Stewart&Gees Apparatus

    Uploaded by

    DR.P.V.Kanaka Rao
    This document provides instructions for performing the Stewart and Gees experiment to study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil. The magnetic field is measured using a deflection magnetometer placed along the axis. A graph is plotted of the tangent of the deflection angle versus distance from the coil center, which should match the theoretical curve described by the given equation for the magnetic field of a circular coil. The experiment involves measuring deflections at increasing distances in both directions and comparing the results to verify the tangent law relationship between magnetic fields.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
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    The experiment aims to study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil carrying current using a Stewart and Gees galvanometer. The magnetic field is measured by observing the deflection of a compass needle placed along the axis of the coil at different distances as the current in the coil is reversed.

    The aim of the experiment is to study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil carrying current.

    The apparatus used are a Stewart and Gees galvanometer, a rheostat, an ammeter, a battery eliminator, plug keys, and a commutator.

    USER MAUAL FOR : STUDY OF MAGETIC FIELD ALOG THE AXIS OF A

    CIRCULAR COIL - STEWART AD GEES EXPERIMET

    AIM: -To study the variation of magnetic field along the axis of a circular coil carrying current.

    APPARATUS: -Stewart and Gees, Rheostat, Ammeter, Battery eliminator, Plug key single,
    Commutator four plugs.

    THEORY: -
    The magnetic field (B) at a point on the axis of a circular coil carrying current “i” is given by the
    expression
    µ0 ni a2
    B= Tesla.
    2 23/2
    2 (x + a )
    Where ‘n’ is the number of turns, “a” the mean radius of the coil
    and “x” is the distance of the point from the center of the coil along the axis. To measure this
    field the Stewart and Gees type of tangent galvanometer is convenient.

    The apparatus consists of a circular frame “c” made up of non-magnetic substance. An


    insulated Copper wire is wounded on the frame. The ends of the wire are connected to the other
    two terminals. By selecting a pair of terminals the number of turns used can be changed. The
    frame is fixed to a long base B at the middle in a vertical plane along the breadth side. The base
    has leveling screws. A rectangular non-magnetic metal frame is supported on the uprights. The
    plane of the frame contains the axis of the coil and this frame passes through the circular coil. A
    magnetic compass like that one used in deflection magnetometer is supported on a movable
    platform. This platform can be moved on the frame along the axis of the coil. The compass is so
    arranged that the center of the magnetic needle always lie on the axis of the coil.
    The apparatus is arranged so that the plane of coil is in the magnetic meridian. The frame
    with compass is kept at the center of the coil and the base is rotated so that the plane of the coil is
    parallel to the magnetic needle in the compass. The compass is rotated so that the aluminum
    pointer reads zero zero. Now the rectangular frame is along East-West directions. When a current
    “i” flows through the coil the magnetic field produced is in the perpendicular direction to the
    plane of the coil. The magnetic needle in the compass is under the influence of two magnetic
    fields. “B” due to coil carrying current and the earth’s magnetic field “Be” which are mutually
    perpendicular. The needle deflects through an angle ‘θ‘ satisfying the tangent law.

    B
    : = Tan θ ………(1)
    Be
    Thus B= Be Tan θ

    The theoretical value of B is given by------------


    µ0 nIa2
    B=
    2 (X 2 + a 2 ) 3/2

    1
    PROCEDURE: - With the help of the deflection magnetometer and a chalk, a long line of about
    one meter is drawn on the working table, to represent the magnetic meridian. Another line
    perpendicular to the line is also drawn. The Stewart and Gees galvanometer is set with its coil in
    the magnetic meridian as shown in the fig. The external circuit is connected as shown in the fig,
    keeping the ammeter, rheostat away from the deflection magnetometer. This precaution is very
    much required because, the magnetic field produced by the current passing through the rheostat
    and the permanent magnetic field due to the magnet inside the ammeter affect the magnetometer
    reading, if they are close to it.
    The magnetometer is set at the center of the coil and rotated to make the aluminum pointer
    reads, (0,0) in the magnetometer. The key K, is closed and the rheostat is adjusted so as the
    deflection in the magnetometer is about 60°. The current in the commutator is reversed and the
    deflection in the magnetometer is observed. The deflection in the magnetometer before and after
    reversal of current should not differ much. In case of sufficient difference say above 2° or 3°,
    necessary adjustments are to be made.
    The deflections before and after reversal of current are noted when d = 0. The readings are
    noted in Table 1. The magnetometer is moved towards East along the axis of the coil in steps of
    2cm at a time. At each position, the key is closed and the deflections before and after reversal of
    current are noted. The mean deflection be denoted as θE. The magnetometer is further moved
    towards east in steps of 2cm each time and the deflections before and after reversal of current be
    noted, until the deflection falls to 30°.
    The experiment is repeated by shifting the magnetometer towards West from the center of the
    coil in steps of 2 cm, each time and deflections are noted before and after the reversal of current.
    The mean deflection is denoted as θW.
    It will be found that for each distance (x) the value in the last two columns of the second table
    are found to be equal verifying equation (1) & (2).
    A graph is drawn between x [the distance of the deflection magnetometer from the center of
    the coil] along x-axis and the corresponding Tan θ E and Tan θW along Y-axis. The shape of
    the curve is shown in the fig.The point A and B marked on the curve lie at distance equal to half
    of radius of the coil (a/2) on either side of the coil.
    Circular
    CIRCUIT DIAGRAM: - Coil
    Deflection
    Magnetometer

    West East

    Commutator

    A
    R E K

    2
    MODEL GRAPH: -

    A B
    tan θw tan θE

    (West) X (East) X

    OBSERVATIO TABLE: -
    Horizontal component of earth’s magnetic field Be = 0.38 X 10 -4 Tesla (or Wb . m - 2)
    Radius of coil a = meter (Diameter of coil /2)
    Current carrying in the ammeter = Amp
    µ0 = 4 π X 10 –7

    Distance Deflection in East Mean Deflection in West Mean


    From the direction θE direction θW θ= θ E + θW Tan θ
    Center of coil 2
    X θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4 θ1 θ2 θ3 θ4

    Distance X Theoretical B Practical B


    in meter

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