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    Evolution Worksheet - Adaptation

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    Evolution Worksheet - Adaptation

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    evolution worksheet - adaptation

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    Evolution Worksheet - Adaptation

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    EVOLUTION: ADAPTATION

    All organisms and species adapt. This includes both plant and animal.

    Warnbro Community High School Evolution: Adaptation Information Sheet 2014
    What is adaptation?
    Adaptation can be explained as an adjustment in the
    behaviour, physiology, or structure of an organism where the
    change or mutation makes them more suitable to their
    environment and improves function. Organisms that possess
    heritable traits can adapt better to their surroundings,
    compared to other members of their species, and are more
    efficient when it comes to survival because of these
    favourable traits. Because they are more likely to survive,
    there is an increased chance that they will reproduce and pass
    on more of
    their genes
    to the next generation. As more and more
    organisms inherit the mutation, it becomes a
    more permanent part of the species and becomes an
    adaptation. This also forms the basis of natural
    selection.
    Why do animals adapt?
    There are a many number of reasons why animals adapt and make progressive changes as they evolve.
    Generally, it is a matter of survival: adapting allows organisms to do a number of things such as blending into
    an environment, evading predators, scaring away
    predators, catching prey or food easier, socialising
    , performing more complex tasks, regulating body
    temperature (e.g. staying warm or cool),
    finding/maintaining shelter, restoring energy, or
    replenishing stamina quickly amongst others.
    Adaption is required to avoid extinction.
    Types of adaptation:
    Behavioural (top right):
    Behavioural adaptations are, as the name
    suggests, modifications to the behaviours of a
    species. Behaviours being the way they act and
    things that they do in order to progress, advance, survive and evolve.
    e.g. use of tools/basic instruments; language/communication; socialisation; migration.
    Structural (bottom right):
    Structural adaptations are changes to the physical
    features of an organism. Whether that be size or
    shape of part of or their whole body, body
    coverings, or movements.
    e.g. larger heads or bodies; spines, scales, skin,
    hair, fur, or feathers; running, flight, climbing, etc.
    Figure 1 Illustrates the changes in the beak
    shapes of Galapagos due to change in diet.
    EVOLUTION: ADAPTATION
    All organisms and species adapt. This includes both plant and animal.

    Warnbro Community High School Evolution: Adaptation Information Sheet 2014
    Physiological:
    Physiological adaptations are abilities and general functions that an organism possesses.
    e.g. venom in snakes, temperature regulation.

    Survival of the fittest:
    Not all species die out and become extinct. Some become so well adpated to their environment that they
    branch off into new species whilst others continue to develop, grow and adapt to suit their different
    environmental surroundings, lifestyle and habitat. It is when species fail to adapt that they begin to weaken
    and die out, eventually becoming extinct.











    Natural Selection:
    The diagram on the right is a representation of natural selection.
    The dark colour represents a positive genetic mutation or
    heritable trait whilst the light colour represents the less than
    favourable or the negative traits that lead to extinction.




    REFERENCES:
    http://www.nas.edu/evolution/Definitions.html
    http://wwf.panda.org/about_our_earth/teacher_resources/webfieldtrips/hab_adaptation/
    http://www.bbc.co.uk/nature/adaptations
    http://www.nhptv.org/natureworks/nwep1.htm
    http://www.adaptationswebquest.weebly.com/structural-behavioral.html

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