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Pythagorean Identities Half Angle Formulae

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The Art of Problem Solving Online Classes

Intermediate Trigonometry and Complex Numbers


List of Trigonometric Identities
www.artofproblemsolving.com
Here is a list of trigonometric identities. I would not recommend attempting to memorize this list.
Simply make sure that you know how to derive them quickly when you need to and that you
know the rough form of them.
Pythagorean Identities
1. sin
2
+ cos
2
= 1
2. tan
2
+ 1 = sec
2

3. cot
2
+ 1 = csc
2

Phase Shift Identities


1. sin(

2
) = cos
2. cos(

2
) = sin
3. tan(

2
) = cot
4. cot(

2
) = tan
5. sec(

2
) = csc
6. csc(

2
) = sec
Angle Addition Formulae
1. sin( ) = sin cos cos sin
2. cos( ) = cos cos sin sin
3. tan( ) =
tan tan
1 tan tan
Double Angle Formulae
1. sin2 = 2 sin cos
2. cos 2 = cos
2
sin
2

= 2 cos
2
1
= 1 2 sin
2

3. tan2 =
2 tan
1 tan
2

Half Angle Formulae


1. sin

2
=

1 cos
2
2. cos

2
=

1 + cos
2
3. tan

2
=
sin
1 + cos
=
1 cos
sin
Triple Angle Formulae
1. sin3 = 3 sin 4 sin
3

2. cos 3 = 4 cos
3
3 cos
3. tan3 =
3 tan tan
3

1 3 tan
2

SumToProduct Formulae
1. sin sin = 2 sin

2
cos

2
2. cos + cos = 2 cos
+
2
cos

2
3. cos cos = 2 sin
+
2
sin

2
ProductToSum Formulae
1. sin sin =
1
2
[cos( ) cos( + )]
2. sin cos =
1
2
[sin( + ) + sin( )]
3. cos cos =
1
2
[cos( + ) + cos( )]

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