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    What Was The Renaissance

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    The Renaissance began in Italy in the late Middle Ages as a period of cultural and intellectual renewal. Major Italian city-states like Florence, Venice, and Milan emerged as centers of trade and secular thinking. The Crusades helped stimulate the Italian economy and introduced new banking practices. Renaissance thinkers embraced humanism and focused on humanity, individualism, and worldly concerns rather than religion alone. Artists like Michelangelo, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci produced highly realistic and influential works. The movable printing press helped spread these new Renaissance ideas throughout Europe.

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    What Was The Renaissance

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    62 views30 pages
    The Renaissance began in Italy in the late Middle Ages as a period of cultural and intellectual renewal. Major Italian city-states like Florence, Venice, and Milan emerged as centers of trade and secular thinking. The Crusades helped stimulate the Italian economy and introduced new banking practices. Renaissance thinkers embraced humanism and focused on humanity, individualism, and worldly concerns rather than religion alone. Artists like Michelangelo, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci produced highly realistic and influential works. The movable printing press helped spread these new Renaissance ideas throughout Europe.

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    The Renaissance began in Italy in the late Middle Ages as a period of cultural and intellectual renewal. Major Italian city-states like Florence, Venice, and Milan emerged as centers of trade and secular thinking. The Crusades helped stimulate the Italian economy and introduced new banking practices. Renaissance thinkers embraced humanism and focused on humanity, individualism, and worldly concerns rather than religion alone. Artists like Michelangelo, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci produced highly realistic and influential works. The movable printing press helped spread these new Renaissance ideas throughout Europe.

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    62 views30 pages

    What Was The Renaissance

    Uploaded by

    api-286220988
    The Renaissance began in Italy in the late Middle Ages as a period of cultural and intellectual renewal. Major Italian city-states like Florence, Venice, and Milan emerged as centers of trade and secular thinking. The Crusades helped stimulate the Italian economy and introduced new banking practices. Renaissance thinkers embraced humanism and focused on humanity, individualism, and worldly concerns rather than religion alone. Artists like Michelangelo, Raphael, and Leonardo da Vinci produced highly realistic and influential works. The movable printing press helped spread these new Renaissance ideas throughout Europe.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 30

    What was the Renaissance?

    What was the Renaissance, and where did it begin?


    Italy
    Italian Cities
    Urban Societies
    Major Trading Centers
    Secular
    Moved away from life in the church
    Focuses more on material objects and enjoying life

    The Renaissance was a time of renewal

    Renaissance means rebirth and Europe


    was recovering from the Dark ages and
    the plague.
    People had lost their faith in the church
    and began to put more focus on human
    beings.

    How did the Crusades contribute


    to the Renaissance?
    Increased demand for Middle Eastern products
    Stimulated production of goods to trade in Middle Eastern markets
    Encouraged the use of credit and banking

    Church rule against usury and the banks practice of charging interest
    helped to secularize northern Italy.
    Letters of credit served to expand the supply of money and expedite
    trade.
    New accounting and bookkeeping practices (use of Arabic numerals) were
    introduced.

    Italy failed to become united during the Ages.


    Many independent city-states emerged in northern
    and central Italy that played an important role in
    Italian politics and art.

    Major Italian Cities

    Milan
    One of the richest cities, it controls trade
    through the Alps.
    Venice
    Sitting on the Adriatic, it attracts trade
    from all over the world.
    Florence
    Controlled by the De Medici Family, who
    became great patrons of the arts.

    Milan

    Venice

    Genoa
    Florence

    Ad
    ria
    tic

    Genoa
    Had Access to Trade Routes
    All of these cities:
    Had access to trade routes connecting Europe with
    Middle Eastern markets
    Served as trading centers for the distribution of
    goods to northern Europe
    Were initially independent city-states governed
    as republics

    Tyrrhenia
    n Sea

    Se
    a

    Political Ideas of the Renaissance


    Niccol Machiavelli

    The Prince
    Machiavelli believed:
    One can make this generalization about
    men: they are ungrateful, fickle, liars,
    and deceivers, they shun danger and are
    greedy for profit
    Machiavelli observed city-state rulers of
    his day and produced guidelines for the
    acquisition and maintenance of power by
    absolute rule.
    He felt that a ruler should be willing to
    do anything to maintain control without
    worrying about conscience.

    Better for a ruler to be feared than to be loved


    Ruler should be quick and decisive in decision making
    Ruler keeps power by any means necessary
    The end justifies the means
    Be good when possible, and evil when necessary

    The Renaissance produced new ideas that were reflected in


    the arts, philosophy, and literature.
    Patrons, wealthy from newly expanded trade, sponsored works
    which glorified city-states in northern Italy. Education became
    increasingly secular.
    Medieval art and literature focused
    on the Church and salvation
    Renaissance art and literature
    focused on individuals and worldly
    matters, along with Christianity.

    Renaissance Artists embraced some of the ideals of Greece and


    Rome in their art
    They wanted their subjects to be realistic and focused on
    humanity and emotion
    New Techniques also emerged
    Frescos: Painting done on wet plaster became popular because it
    gave depth to the paintings
    Sculpture emphasized realism and the human form
    Architecture reached new heights of design

    Born in 1475 in a small town near Florence, is


    considered to be one of the most inspired men
    who ever lived

    David
    Michelangelo
    created his
    masterpiece
    David in
    1504.

    Sistine Chapel
    About a year after creating
    David, Pope Julius II
    summoned Michelangelo to
    Rome to work on his most
    famous project, the ceiling
    of the Sistine Chapel.

    Creation of Eve

    Separation of Light and Darkness

    Creation of Adam

    The Last Judgment

    La Pieta 1499
    Marble Sculpture

    Moses

    1452-1519
    Painter, Sculptor,
    Architect,
    Engineer

    Genius!

    Mona Lisa

    The Last Supper

    Notebooks

    Raphael

    Painter
    1483-1520

    The School of Athens

    Pythagoras

    Plato and Aristotle


    Socrates

    Raphael (back)
    Euclid

    Zoroaster & Ptolemy

    Jan Van Eyck


    Portrait of
    Giovanni Arnolfini
    and his Wife
    (1434)
    Northern
    Renaissance

    Van Eyck
    Portrait of
    Giovanni
    Arnolfini and
    his Wife
    (detail)

    How did classical knowledge of the ancient Greeks


    and Romans foster humanism in the Italian
    Renaissance?
    Humanism
    Celebrated the individual
    Stimulated the study of Greek and Roman literature and
    culture
    Was supported by wealthy patrons

    Petrarch

    Sonnets, humanist
    scholarship
    Francesco Petrarch
    1304-1374
    Assembled Greek and
    Roman writings.
    Wrote

    Sonnets to Laura,
    love poems in the
    Vernacular

    Northern Renaissance
    Growing wealth in Northern Europe supported Renaissance ideas.
    Northern Renaissance thinkers merged humanist ideas with
    Christianity.
    The movable type printing press and the production and sale of
    books
    (Gutenberg Bible) helped disseminate ideas.
    Northern Renaissance writers
    ErasmusThe Praise of Folly (1511)
    Sir Thomas MoreUtopia (1516)
    Northern Renaissance artists portrayed religious and secular subjects.

    Literature flourished during the Renaissance


    This can be greatly attributed to Johannes
    Gutenberg
    In 1455 Gutenberg printed the first book produced
    by using moveable type.

    The Bible

    Erasmus

    Dutch humanist
    Desiderius Erasmus
    Pushed for a Vernacular form of the
    Bible
    I disagree very much with those who
    are unwilling that Holy Scripture,
    translated into the vernacular, be
    read by the uneducated . . . As if the
    strength of the Christian religion
    consisted in the ignorance of it

    The Praise of Folly


    Used humor to show the immoral and
    ignorant behavior of people, including
    the clergy. He felt people would be
    open minded and be kind to others.

    Sir Thomas More


    English Humanist
    Wrote: Utopia
    A book about a perfect society
    Believed men and women live in
    harmony. No private property,
    no one is lazy, all people are
    educated and the justice system
    is used to end crime instead of
    executing criminals.

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