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Fitting Loss Calculation

This document contains calculations for estimating energy savings from improved duct fitting designs. It provides examples for both high velocity ducts with a flow rate of 20,000 cfm and low velocity ducts with 350 cfm. For each case, it calculates the pressure drop and horsepower savings from installing turning vanes in an elbow fitting. It then estimates the annual energy and cost savings based on operating hours and electricity rates. Installation of turning vanes was found to save 0.81 kW for the high velocity system and 0.002 kW for the low velocity system.

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Svetla Nikolova
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
384 views

Fitting Loss Calculation

This document contains calculations for estimating energy savings from improved duct fitting designs. It provides examples for both high velocity ducts with a flow rate of 20,000 cfm and low velocity ducts with 350 cfm. For each case, it calculates the pressure drop and horsepower savings from installing turning vanes in an elbow fitting. It then estimates the annual energy and cost savings based on operating hours and electricity rates. Installation of turning vanes was found to save 0.81 kW for the high velocity system and 0.002 kW for the low velocity system.

Uploaded by

Svetla Nikolova
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as XLS, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HPCBS

High Performance Commercial Building Systems

Commissioning Guide for Air Handling Systems


Calculation Of Energy Savings through Improved Fitting Design

Calculating Fitting Pressure loss for high velocity ducts


Assumptions:

V =4, 005 p velocity


Therefore:
2
pvelocity = V
4, 005
V = Velocity in feet per minute
4,005 = A units conversion constant
pvelocity = Velocity pressure in inches water column

( )

p fitting =C o p velocity
Where:
p fitting =Fitting pressure loss in inches water column
Co =Local loss coefficient
pvelocity =Velocity pressure in inches water column, usually ( but not always)
based on entering velocity
Flow rate =
Designer's target design friction rate =

20,000 cfm
0.10 inches w.c. per 100 ft. of duct

Duct height =

24 inches

Duct width =

60 inches

Velocity =

2,000 fpm

oss coefficient for a mitered elbow with no turning vanes =

1.03 (from ASHRAE Handbook, fitting CR3-6)

Loss coefficient for a mitered elbow with turning vanes =

0.11 (From ASHRAE Handbook, fitting CR3-9)

Calculation:
Velocity pressure =

0.25 in.w.c.

Loss for the elbow with no turning vanes =

0.26 in.w.c.

Loss for the elbow with turning vanes =

0.03 in.w.c.

Difference (avoided pressure drop if vanes are installed) =

0.23 in.w.c.

File name = 271666934.xls, Page 1 of 6 of Sheet High Velocity loss Printed on 05/27/2015 at 15:37:00
Calculations are subject to user assumptions and inputs. PIER, LBNL, and PECI assume no responsibility for their application.

HPCBS

High Performance Commercial Building Systems

Functional Testing Guide for Air Handling Systems


Appendix D.2.5 Example 3 - Savings Associated with an Improved Duct Fitting Design at a Riser Connection

Assumptions:

QNew
QOld

( )

PNew = POld

Where:
PNew =The static pressure at the new flow condition to be evaluated .
POld = The static pressure at the old or original flow condition, usually the design condition.
Q New = The flow at the new flow condition to be evaluated .
Q Old = The flow at the old or original flow condition, usually the design condition.

Horsepower=

QPSaved
6, 356 FanStaticMotor

Where:
Horsepower=The horsepower saved at the terminals of the motor ( includes motor efficiency losses)
Q= The flow rate which is experiencing the reduction in static pressure in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
PSaved = The static pressure reduction associated with the improvement in inches water column (in . w. c .)
6, 356= A units conversion constant
FanStatic = The fan static efficiency
Motor= The motor efficiency
Savings associated with having the turning vanes =
System flow rate =

0.23 inches w.c.


20,000 cfm

Calculation:
Horsepower savings to be used for the energy calculation based on the reduced flow rate
Flow rate =
Static pressure reduction =
Assumed fan efficiency =
Assumed motor efficiency =

20,000 cfm
0.23 in.w.c.
75% (estimated)
89% (from energy efficient motor performance data in file)

Fan horse power reduction =

1.09 hp.

kW =

0.81 kW

File name = 271666934.xls,


Calculations are subject to the assumptions and inputs. PIER, LBNL, and PECI assume no responsibility thier application and use.

HPCBS

High PerformanceCommercial Building Systems

Functional Testing Guide for Air Handling


Systems
Appendix D.2.5 Example 3 - Savings Associated with an Improved Duct Fitting Design at a Riser Connection

Assumptions:
Constant volume system operation
Current system operating hours =
Operating hours after the first year =
Current electrical rate =
kW savings per hour at design flow =

2,860 hr/yr (5 days at 10 hr./day and 1 day at 5 hr./day, 52 wk/yr)


8,760 hr/yr
$0.0900 $/kWh
0.81 per hour (from previous calculation)

Calculation:
Annual savings at current operating schedule =
=
Annual savings at future operating schedule =
=

2,321 kWh
$209 per year
7,108 kWh
$640 per year

File name = 271666934.xls,


Calculations are subject to the assumptions and inputs. PIER, LBNL, and PECI assume no responsibility thier application and use.

HPCBS

High PerformanceCommercial Building Systems

Functional Testing Guide for Air Handling Systems


Appendix D.2.5 Example 3 - Savings Associated with an Improved Duct Fitting Design at a Riser Connection

Assumptions:

V =4, 005 p velocity


Therefore:
2
V
pvelocity =
4, 005
V = Velocity in feet per minute
4,005 = A units conversion constant
pvelocity = Velocity pressure in inches water column

( )

p fitting =C o p velocity
Where:
p fitting =Fitting pressure loss in inches water column
Co =Local loss coefficient
pvelocity =Velocity pressure in inches water column, usually ( but not always)
based on entering velocity
Flow rate =
Designer's target design friction rate =

350 cfm
0.10 inches w.c. per 100 ft. of duct

Duct height =

6 inches

Duct width =

12 inches

Velocity =

700 fpm

oss coefficient for a mitered elbow with no turning vanes =

1.03 (from ASHRAE Handbook, fitting CR3-6)

Loss coefficient for a mitered elbow with turning vanes =

0.11 (From ASHRAE Handbook, fitting CR3-9)

Calculation:
Velocity pressure =

0.031 in.w.c.

Loss for the elbow with no turning vanes =

0.031 in.w.c.

Loss for the elbow with turning vanes =

0.003 in.w.c.

Difference (avoided pressure drop if vanes are installed) =

0.028 in.w.c.

File name = 271666934.xls,


Calculations are subject to the assumptions and inputs. PIER, LBNL, and PECI assume no responsibility thier application and use.

HPCBS

High PerformanceCommercial Building Systems

Functional Testing Guide for Air Handling Systems


Appendix D.2.5 Example 3 - Savings Associated with an Improved Duct Fitting Design at a Riser Connection

Assumptions:

Q New
Q Old

( )

PNew = POld

Where:
PNew =The static pressure at the new flow condition to be evaluated .
POld = The static pressure at the old or original flow condition, usually the design condition.
QNew = The flow at the new flow condition to be evaluated .
QOld = The flow at the old or original flow condition, usually the design condition.

Horsepower=

QPSaved
6, 356 FanStatic Motor

Where:
Horsepower=The horsepower saved at the terminals of the motor ( includes motor efficiency losses)
Q= The flow rate which is experiencing the reduction in static pressure in cubic feet per minute (cfm)
PSaved = The static pressure reduction associated with the improvement in inches water column (in . w. c .)
6, 356= A units conversion constant
FanStatic = The fan static efficiency
Motor = The motor efficiency

Savings associated with having the turning vanes =


System flow rate =

0.028 inches w.c.


350 cfm

Calculation:
Horsepower savings to be used for the energy calculation based on the reduced flow rate
Flow rate =
Static pressure reduction =
Assumed fan efficiency =
Assumed motor efficiency =

350 cfm
0.028 in.w.c.
75% (estimated)
89% (from energy efficient motor performance data in file)

Fan horse power reduction =

0.002 hp.

kW =

0.002 kW

File name = 271666934.xls,


Calculations are subject to the assumptions and inputs. PIER, LBNL, and PECI assume no responsibility thier application and use.

HPCBS

High PerformanceCommercial Building Systems

Functional Testing Guide for Air Handling


Systems
Appendix D.2.5 Example 3 - Savings Associated with an Improved Duct Fitting Design at a Riser Connection

Assumptions:
Constant volume system operation
Current system operating hours =
Operating hours after the first year =
Current electrical rate =
kW savings per hour at design flow =

2,860 hr/yr (5 days at 10 hr./day and 1 day at 5 hr./day, 52 wk/yr)


8,760 hr/yr
$0.0900 $/kWh
0.002 per hour (from previous calculation)

Calculation:
Annual savings at current operating schedule =
=
Annual savings at future operating schedule =
=

5 kWh
$0.45 per year
15 kWh
$1.37 per year

File name = 271666934.xls,


Calculations are subject to the assumptions and inputs. PIER, LBNL, and PECI assume no responsibility thier application and use.

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