PRESSURE GAUGE

INSTALLATION,
OPERATION AND
MAINTENANCE

I&M008-10098-5/02 (250-1353-K) Rev. 01/12

CONTENTS
Page
Selection and Application
Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.1
1.2
Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.3
Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.4
Oxidizing media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.5
Pulsation/Vibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.6
Gauge fills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
1.7
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2.0
Temperature
2.1
Ambient Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2.2
Accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2.3
Steam service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2.4
Hot or very cold media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
2.5
Diaphragm seals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
2.6
Autoclaving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.0
Installation
3.1
Installation Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.2
Gauge reuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.3
Tightening of gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.4
Process isolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.5
Surface mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
3.6
Flush mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4.0
Operation
4.1
Frequency of inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4.2
In-service inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4.3
When to check accuracy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4.4
When to recalibrate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4.5
Other considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
4.6
Spare parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
5.0
Gauge Replacement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
6.0
Accuracy: Procedures/Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6
6.1
Calibration - Rotary movement gauges . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
7.0
Diaphragm Seals
7.1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
7.2
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
7.3
Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
7.4
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
7.5
Failures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
8.0
Dampening Devices
8.1
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
8.2
Throttle Screws & Plugs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
8.3
Ashcroft Pulsation Dampener . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
8.4
Ashcroft Pressure Snubber . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
8.5
Ashcroft Needle Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
8.6
Chemiquip Pressure Limiting Valves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
9.0
Test Equipment & Tool Kits
9.1
Pressure Instrument Testing Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
9.2
Tools & Tool Kits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
9.3
Kits to Convert a Dry Gauge to a Liquid Filled or . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Weather Proof Case Gauge . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
9.4
212 & 312 1009 Duralife Gauge Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Appendix
Type 1188 Bellows Gauge Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Type 1009 Calibration Procedure (Vacuum-Previous Style) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Type 1009 Calibration Procedure (Pressure-Previous Style) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Type 1009 Calibration Procedure (Pressure & Vacuum-Current Style) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Type 1279 & 1379 I&M Liquid Fill Conversion Instruction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15-16
Type 1082 Calibration Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17-18
1.0

Cover photo courtesy of Johnson/Yokogawa Co.

Chemiquip is a registered trademark of Chemiquip Products Co. Inc.

Glycerin satisfies most applications. While being the least

expensive fill, its usable temperature range is 20/180F.
Silicone filled gauges have a broader service range:
40/250F. Oxidizing media require the use of Halocarbon,
with a service range of 40/250F. Pointer motion will be
slowed at the low end of the low end of these temperature
ranges.
1.7 Mounting Users should predetermine how the gauge
will be mounted in service: stem (pipe), wall (surface) or panel
(flush). Ashcroft wall or panel mounting kits should be ordered
with the gauge. See Section 3.

1.0 SELECTION & APPLICATION

Users should become familiar with ASME B40.100 (Gauges
Pressure Indicating Dial Type Elastic Element) before
specifying pressure measuring gauges. That document
containing valuable information regarding gauge construction,
accuracy, safety, selection and testing may be ordered from:
ASME International
Three Park Avenue
New York, N.Y. 10016-5990
800-843-2763 (US/Canada)
001-800-843-2763 (Mexico)
973-882-1170 outside North America
email: infocentral@asme.org
www.asme.org

2.0 TEMPERATURE
2.1 Ambient Temperature To ensure long life and accuracy, pressure gauges should preferably be used at an ambient temperature between 20 and +150F (30 to +65C).
At very low temperatures, standard gauges may exhibit slow
pointer response. Above 150F, the accuracy will be affected
by approximately 1.5% per 100F. Other than discoloration of
the dial and hardening of the gasketing and degradation of
accuracy, non-liquid filled Type 1279 (phenolic case) and
1379 (aluminum case) Duragauge gauge, with standard
glass windows, can withstand continuous operating temperatures up to 250F. Unigauge models 212 and 312 1009 and
1008S liquid filled gauges can withstand 200F but glycerin
fill and the acrylic window of Duragauge gauges will tend to
yellow. Silicone fill will have much less tendency to yellow.
Low pressure, liquid filled Types 1008 and 1009 gauges may
have some downscale errors caused by liquid fill expansion.
This can be alleviated by venting the gauge at the top plug
(pullout the blue plug insert). To do this the gauge must be
installed in the vertical position.
Although the gauge may be destroyed and calibration lost,
gauges can withstand short times at the following temperatures: gauges with all welded pressure boundary joints, 750F
(400C); gauges with silver brazed joints, 450F (232C) and
gauges with soft soldered joints, 250F (121C). For expected
long term service below 20F (30C) Duragauge and 41 2
1009 gauges should be hermetically sealed and specially
lubricated; add H to the product code for hermetic sealing.
Add variation XVY for special lubricant. Standard Duralife
gauges may be used to 50F (45C) without modification.
2.2 Accuracy Heat and cold affect accuracy of indication.
A general rule of thumb for dry gauges is 0.5% of full scale
change for every 40F change from 75F. Double that allowance for gauges with hermetically sealed or liquid filled
cases, except for Duragauge gauges where no extra
allowance is required due to the elastomeric, compensating
back. Above 250F there may exist very significant errors in
indication.
2.3 Steam service In order to prevent live steam from
entering the Bourdon tube, a siphon filled with water should
be installed between the gauge and the process line.
Siphons can be supplied with ratings up to 4,000 psi. If
freezing of the condensate in the loop of the siphon is a possibility, a diaphragm seal should be used to isolate the gauge
from the process steam. Siphons should also be used whenever condensing, hot vapors (not just steam) are present.
Super heated steam should have enough piping or capillary
line ahead of the siphon to maintain liquid water in the
siphon loop.
2.4 Hot or very cold media A five foot capillary line assembly will bring most hot or cold process media within the recommended gauge ambient temperature range. For media above

WARNING: To prevent misapplication, pressure gauges

should be selected considering media and ambient operating
conditions. Improper application can be detrimental to the
gauge, causing failure and possible personal injury, property
damage or death. The information contained in this manual is
offered as a guide in making the proper selection of a pressure
gauge. Additional information is available from Ashcroft Inc.
The following is a highlight of some of the more important considerations:
1.1 Range The range of the instrument should be approximately twice the maximum operating pressure. Too low a
range may result in (a) low fatigue life of the elastic element
due to high operating stress and (b) susceptibility to overpressure set due to pressure transients that exceed the normal operating pressure. Too high a range may yield insufficient resolution for the application.
1.2 Temperature Refer to Section 2 of this manual for
important information concerning temperature related limitations of pressure gauges, both dry and liquid filled.
1.3 Media The material of the process sensing element must
be compatible with the process media. Use of a diaphragm seal
with the gauge is recommended for process media that (a) is
corrosive to the process sensing element; (b) contain heavy
particulates (slurries) or (c) are very viscous including those
that harden at room temperature.
1.4 Oxidizing media Gauges for direct use on oxidizing
media should be specially cleaned. Gauges for oxygen service should be ordered to variation X6B and will carry the
ASME required dial marking USE NO OIL in red letters.
Gauges for direct use on other oxidizing media may be
ordered to variation X6W. They will be cleaned but carry no
dial marking. PLUS! Performance gauges or Halocarbon
filled gauge or diaphragm fill is required for use with oxidizing media; order variation XCF.
1.5 Pulsation/Vibration Pressure pulsation can be dampened by several mechanisms; the patented PLUS! Performance gauge will handle the vast majority of applications.
One exception to this is high frequency pulsation which is
difficult to detect. The only indication may be an upscale zero
shift due to movement wear. These applications should be
addressed with a liquid filled gauge, or in extreme cases, a
remotely mounted liquid filled gauge connected with a length
of capillary line. The small diameter of the capillary provides
excellent dampening, but can be plugged. The Ashcroft 1106
pulsation dampener and 1112 snubber are auxiliary devices
which dampen pulsation with less tendency to plug.
1.6 Gauge fills. Once it has been determined that a liquid
filled gauge is in order, the next step is selecting the type of fill.

750F (400C) the customers should use their own small

diameter piping to avoid possible corrosion of the stainless steel.
The five foot capillary will protect the gauges used on the common cryogenic (less than 300F (200C) gases, liquid argon,
nitrogen, and oxygen.) The capillary and gauge must be cleaned
for oxygen service. The media must not be corrosive to stainless
steel, and must not plug the small bore of the capillary.
2.5 Diaphragm seals A diaphragm seal should be used to
protect gauges from corrosive media, or media that will plug
the instrument. Diaphragm seals are offered in a wide variety
of designs and corrosion resistant materials to accommodate almost any application and most connections. Visit
www.ashcroft.com for details.
2.6 Autoclaving Sanitary gauges with clamp type connections are frequently steam sterilized in an autoclave. Gauges
equipped with polysulfone windows will withstand more autoclave cycles than those equipped with polycarbonate windows. Gauges equipped with plain glass or laminated safety
glass should not be autoclaved. Gauge cases should be
vented to atmosphere (removing the rubber fill/safety plug if
necessary) before autoclaving to prevent the plastic window
from cracking or excessively distorting. If the gauge is liquid
filled, the fill should be drained from the case and the front
ring loosened before autoclaving.

4.0 OPERATION
4.1 Frequency of inspection This is quite subjective and
depends upon the severity of the service and how critical the
accuracy of the indicated pressure is. For example, a monthly inspection frequency may be in order for critical, severe
service applications. Annual inspections, or even less frequent schedules, are often employed in non-critical applications.
4.2 In-service inspection If the accuracy of the gauge
cannot be checked in place, the user can at least look for (a)
erratic or random pointer motion; (b) readings that are suspect especially indications of pressure when the user
believes the true pressure is 0 psig. Any gauge which is
obviously not working or indicating erroneously, should be
immediately valved-off or removed from service to avoid a
possible pressure boundary failure.
4.3 When to check accuracy Any suspicious behavior of
the gauge pointer warrants that a full accuracy check be performed. Even if the gauge is not showing any symptoms of
abnormal performance, the user may want to establish a frequency of bench type inspection.
4.4 When to recalibrate This depends on the criticality of
the application. If the accuracy of a 3-2-3% commercial type
gauge is only 0.5% beyond specification, the user must
decide whether its worth the time and expense to bring the
gauge back into specification. Conversely if the accuracy of
a 0.25% test gauge is found to be 0.1% out of specification
then the gauge should be recalibrated.
4.5 Other considerations These include (a) bent or unattached pointers due to extreme pressure pulsation; (b) broken windows which should be replaced to keep dirt out of
the internals; (c) leakage of gauge fill; (d) case damage
dents and/or cracks; (e) any signs of service media leakage
through the gauge including its connection; (f) discoloration
of gauge fill that impedes readability.
4.6 Spare parts As a general rule it is recommended
that the user maintain in inventory one complete Ashcroft
instrument for every ten (or fraction thereof) of that
instrument type in service.

3.0 INSTALLATION
3.1 Location Whenever possible, gauges should be located to minimize the effects of vibration, extreme ambient temperatures and moisture. Dry locations away from very high
thermal sources (ovens, boilers etc.) are preferred. If the
mechanical vibration level is extreme, the gauge should be
remotely located (usually on a wall) and connected to the
pressure source via flexible tubing.
3.2 Gauge reuse ASME B40.100 recommends that
gauges not be moved indiscriminately from one application
to another. The cumulative number of pressure cycles on an
in-service or previously used gauge is generally unknown, so
it is generally safer to install a new gauge whenever and
wherever possible. This will also minimize the possibility of a
reaction with previous media.
3.3 Tightening of gauge Torque should never be applied
to the gauge case. Instead, an open end or adjustable
wrench should always be used on the wrench flats of the
gauge socket to tighten the gauge into the fitting or pipe.
NPT threads require the use of a suitable thread sealant,
such as pipe dope or teflon tape, and must be tightened very
securely to ensure a leak tight seal.
CAUTION: Torque applied to a diaphragm seal or its
attached gauge, that tends to loosen one relative to the
other, can cause loss of fill and subsequent inaccurate readings. Always apply torque only to the wrench flats on the
lower seal housing when installing filled, diaphragm seal
assemblies or removing same from process lines.
3.4 Process isolation A shut-off valve should be installed
between the gauge and the process in order to be able to
isolate the gauge for inspection or replacement without shutting down the process.
3.5 Surface mounting Also known as wall mounting.
Gauges should be kept free of piping strains. The gauge case
mounting feet, if applicable, will ensure clearance between the
pressure relieving back and the mounting surface.
3.6 Flush mounting Also known as panel mounting. The
applicable panel mounting cutout dimensions can be found
at www.ashcroft.com

5.0 GAUGE REPLACEMENT

It is recommended that the user stock one complete
Ashcroft instrument for every ten (or fraction thereof) of that
instrument type in service. With regard to gauges having a
service history, consideration should be given to discarding
rather than repairing them. Gauges in this category include
the following:
a. Gauges that exhibit a span shift greater than 10%. It is
possible the Bourdon tube has suffered thinning of its
walls by corrosion.
b. Gauges that exhibit a zero shift greater than 25%. It is
likely the Bourdon tube has seen significant overpressure leaving residual stresses that may be detrimental
to the application.
c. Gauges which have accumulated over 1,000,000 pressure cycles with significant pointer excursion.
d. Gauges showing any signs of corrosion and/or leakage
of the pressure system.
e. Gauges which have been exposed to high temperature
or exhibit signs of having been exposed to high temperature specifically 250F or greater for soft soldered
systems; 450F or greater for brazed systems; and
750F or greater for welded systems.

f.

Method ASME B40.100 recommends that known pressure (based on the reading from the pressure standard used)
be applied to the gauge under test. Readings including any
error from the nominal input pressure, are then taken from the
gauge under test. The practice of aligning the pointer of the
gauge under test with a dial graduation and then reading the
error from the master gauge (reverse reading) can result in
inconsistent and misleading data and should NOT be used.
Calibration chart After recording all of the readings it is
necessary to calculate the errors associated with each test
point using the following formula: ERROR in percent = 100
times (TRUE VALUE minus READING) RANGE. Plotting
the individual errors (Figure 1) makes it possible to visualize
the total gauge characteristic. The plot should contain all four
curves: upscale before rap; upscale after rap; downscale
before rap; downscale after rap. Rap means lightly tapping the gauge before reading to remove friction as
described in ASME B40.100.
Referring to Figure 1, several classes of error may be seen:
Zero An error which is approximately equal over the entire
scale. This error can be manifested when either the gauge is

Gauges showing significant friction error and/or wear of

the movement and linkage.
g. Gauges having damaged sockets, especially damaged
threads.
h. Liquid filled gauges showing loss of case fill.
NOTE: ASME B40.100 does not recommend moving gauges
from one application to another. This policy is prudent in that
it encourages the user to procure a new gauge, properly tailored by specification, to each application that arises.

6.0 ACCURACY: PROCEDURES/DEFINITIONS

Accuracy inspection Readings at approximately five
points equally spaced over the dial should be taken, both
upscale and downscale, before and after lightly rapping the
gauge to remove friction. A pressure standard with accuracy
at least four times greater than the accuracy of the gauge
being tested is recommended.
Equipment A finely regulated pressure supply will be required.
It is critical that the piping system associated with the test setup
be leaktight. The gauge under test should be positioned as it will
be in service to eliminate positional errors due to gravity.

TYPICAL CALIBRATION CHART

FIG. 1

INDICATED VALUE (PSI)

True Value
PSI
0
40
80
120
160
200

Increasing
Without RAP
.4
+.8
+.4
.4
.8
+.4

Increasing
With RAP
0
+1.0
+.5
1.0
.5
+.8

Decreasing
Without RAP
.4
+1.4
+1.2
+.8
+.6
+.4

Decreasing
With RAP
0
+1.1
+1.0
+.6
+.4
+.4

ERROR (% OF FULL SCALE)

True Value
Increasing
% of Range
Without RAP
0
.20
20
+.40
40
+.20
60
.20
80
.40
100
+.20

Increasing
With RAP
0
+.50
+.25
.05
.25
+.40

Decreasing
Without RAP
.20
+.70
+.60
+.40
+.30
+.20

Decreasing
With RAP
0
+.55
+.50
+.30
+.20
+.20

1.0

0.5

Error (% of Full Scale)

0.0

0.5

upscale without rap

upscale with rap

downscale without rap

downscale with rap

1.0
0

20

40

60
% of Range

80

100

dropped or overpressured and the Bourdon tube takes a

permanent set. This error may often be corrected by simply
repositioning the pointer. Except for test gauges, it is recommended that the pointer be set at midscale pressure to split
the errors.
Span A span error exists when the error at full scale pressure is different from the error at zero pressure. This error is
often proportional to the applied pressure. Most Ashcroft
gauges are equipped with an internal, adjusting mechanism
with which the user can correct any span errors which have
developed in service.
Linearity A gauge that has been properly spanned can
still be out of specification at intermediate points if the
response of the gauge as seen in Figure 1 (Typical
Calibration Chart) is not linear. The Ashcroft Duragauge
pressure gauge is equipped with a rotary movement feature
which permits the user to minimize this class of error. Other
Ashcroft gauge designs (e.g., 1009 Duralife) require that the
dial be moved left or right prior to tightening the dial screws.
Hysteresis Some Bourdon tubes have a material property
known as hysteresis. This material characteristic results in
differences between the upscale and downscale curves. This
class of error can not be eliminated by adjusting the gauge
movement or dial position.
Friction This error is defined as the difference in readings
before and after lightly tapping the gauge case at a check
point. Possible causes of friction are burrs or foreign material
in the movement gearing, bound linkages between the
movement and the bourdon tube, or an improperly tensioned
hairspring. If correcting these potential causes of friction
does not eliminate excessive friction error, the movement
should be replaced.
6.1 Calibration Rotary Movement Gauges and Type
1259 Gauges Inspect gauge for accuracy. Many times
gauges are simply off zero and a simple pointer adjustment
using the micrometer pointer is adequate. If inspection shows
the gauge warrants recalibration to correct span and/or linearity
errors, proceed as follows:
a. Remove ring, window and, if solid front case, the rear
closure assembly.
b. Pressurize the gauge once to full scale and back to zero.
c. Refer to Figure 2 (Ashcroft System Assembly w/Rotary
Gear Movement) for a view of a typical Ashcroft rotary
system assembly with component parts identified. Refer to
Figure 2A for link configuration of Type 1259 gauge.

FIG. 2A ASHCROFT TYPE 1259 SYSTEM ASSEMBLY

TIP

HAIRSPRING
LINK

MOVEMENT

BACKPLATE
SOCKET

d. Adjust the micrometer pointer so that it rests at the true

zero position. For open front gauges the pointer and dial
must also be disassembled and the pointer should then
be lightly pressed onto the pinion at the 9:00 oclock
position.
e. Apply full scale pressure and note the magnitude of the
span error. With open front gauges, ideal span (270
degrees) will exist when at full scale pressure the pointer
rests exactly at the 6:00 oclock position.
f. If the span has shifted significantly (span error greater
than 10%), the gauge should be replaced because there
may be some partial corrosion inside the Bourdon tube
which could lead to ultimate failure. If the span error
exceeds 0.25%, loosen the lower link screw and move
the lower end of the link toward the movement to
increase span or away to decrease span. An adjustment
of 0.004 inch will change the span by approximately 1%.
This is a repetitive procedure which often requires more
than one adjustment of the link position and the subsequent
rechecking of the errors at zero and full scale pressure.
g. Apply midscale pressure and note error in reading. Even
though the gauge is accurate at zero and full scale, it
may be inaccurate at the midpoint. This is called linearity
error. For corrections to linearity with the Type 1259
gauges refer to Figure 2B. For rotary movement gauges,
FIG. 2B LINEARITY ADJUSTMENT & LINK CONFIGURATION FOR
ASHCROFT TYPE 1259

FIG. 2 ASHCROFT SYSTEM ASSEMBLY W/ROTARY GEAR MOVEMENT

SEGMENT
TIP

LINK

BACKPLATE

BOURDEN TUBE

To increase pointer indication

at mid-scale, use a pliers to
open the link.

BOURDON TUBE

HAIRSPRING

To decrease pointer indication

at mid-scale, use a pliers to
close the link.

PINION

note the following: if the error is positive, the movement

should be rotated counter clockwise. Rotating the movement one degree will change this error by approximately
0.25%. Rotating the movement often affects span and it
should be subsequently rechecked and readjusted if necessary according to step 6.1e and 6.1f.
h. While recalibrating the gauge, the friction error difference in readings taken with and without rap should be
noted. This error should not exceed the basic accuracy

ROTARY MOVEMENT

SOCKET

of the gauge. If the friction error is excessive, the movement should be replaced. One possible cause of excessive friction is improper adjustment of the hairspring. The
hairspring torque,or tension, must be adequate without
being excessive. The hairspring should also be level, unwind
evenly (no turns rubbing) and it should never tangle.
NOTES:
1 For operation of test gauge external zero
reset, refer to page 17.
2 For test gauge calibration procedure,
refer to Figure 2 on page 18.

either corrosion, high temperatures or fill leakage. Process

media build-up on the process side of the diaphragm can
also require seal cleaning or replacement. Consult Customer
Service, Stratford CT for advice on seal failures and/or
replacement.

WARNING: All seal components should be selected

considering process and ambient operating conditions to
prevent misapplication. Improper application could result in
failure, possible personal injury, property damage or death.

8.0 DAMPENING DEVICES

8.1 General Some type of dampening device should be
used whenever the pressure gauge may be exposed to
repetitive pressure fluctuations that are fairly rapid, high in
magnitude and especially when transitory pressure spikes
exceeding the gauge range are present (as with starting and
stopping action of valves and pumps). A restricted orifice of
some kind is employed through which pressure fluctuations
must pass before they reach the Bourdon tube. The dampener reduces the magnitude of the pressure pulse thus extending the life of the Bourdon tube and movement. This reduction of the pressure pulsation as seen by the pressure
gauge is generally evidenced by a reduction in the pointer
travel. If the orifice is very small the pointer may indicate the
average service pressure, with little or no indication of the
time varying component of the process pressure.
Commonly encountered media (e.g. water and hydraulic
oil) often carry impurities which can plug the orifice over time
thus rendering the gauge inoperative until the dampener is
cleaned or replaced.
Highly viscous media and media that tend to periodically
harden (e.g., asphalt) require a diaphragm seal be fitted to
the gauge. The seal contains an internal orifice which dampens the pressure fluctuation within the fill fluid.
8.2 Throttle Screws & Plugs These accessories provide
dampening for the least cost. They have the advantage of fitting completely within the gauge socket and come in three
types: (a) a screwed-in type which permits easy removal for
cleaning or replacement; (b) a pressed in, non-threaded
design and (c) a pressed in, threaded design which provides
a highly restrictive, helical flow path. Not all styles are available on all gauge types.
8.3 Ashcroft Pulsation Dampener Type 1106 Ashcroft
pulsation dampener is a moving pin type in which the
restricted orifice is the clearance between the pin and any
one of five preselected hole diameters. Unlike a simple throttle screw/plug, this device has a self-cleaning action in that
the pin moves up and down under the influence of pressure
fluctuations.
8.4 Ashcroft Pressure Snubber The heart of the Type
1112 pressure snubber is a thick porous metal filter disc. The
disc is available in four standard porosity grades.
8.5 Ashcroft Needle Valves Type 7001 thru 7004 steel
needle valves provide varying degrees of dampening. These
devices, in the event of plugging, can easily be opened to
allow the pressure fluid to clear away the obstruction.
8.6 Chemiquip Pressure Limiting Valves Model PLV255, PLV-2550, PLV-5460, PLV-5500 and PLV-6430, available with and without built-in snubbers, automatically shut
off at adjustable preset values of pressure to protect the
gauge from damage to overpressure. They are especially
useful on hydraulic systems wherein hydraulic transients
(spikes) are common.

7.0 DIAPHRAGM SEALS

7.1 General A diaphragm seal (isolator) is a device which is
attached to the inlet connection of a pressure instrument to
isolate its measuring element from the process media. The
space between the diaphragm and the instruments pressure
sensing element is solidly filled with a suitable liquid.
Displacement of the liquid fill in the pressure element, through
movement of the diaphragm, transmits process pressure
changes directly to a gauge, switch or any other pressure
instrument. When diaphragm seals are used with pressure
gauges, an additional 0.5% tolerance must be added to the
gauge accuracy because of the diaphragm spring rate.
Used in a variety of process applications where corrosives,
slurries or viscous fluids may be encountered, the diaphragm
seal affords protection to the instrument where:
The process fluid being measured would normally clog
the pressure element.
Pressure element materials capable of withstanding corrosive effects of certain fluids are not available.
The process fluid might freeze due to changes in ambient
temperature and damage the element.
7.2 Installation Refer to bulletin OH-1 for information
regarding (a) seal configurations; (b) filling fluids; (c) temperature range of filling fluids; (d) diaphragm material pressure
and temperature limits; (e) bottom housing material pressure
and temperature limits; (f) pressure rating of seal assembly;
(g) accuracy/temperature errors of seal assembly; (h)
diaphragm seal displacement. The volumetric displacement
of the diaphragm must at least equal the volumetric displacement of the measuring element in the pressure instrument to which the seal is to be attached.
It is imperative that the pressure instrument/diaphragm seal
assembly be properly filled prior to being placed in service.
Ashcroft diaphragm seal assemblies should only be filled by
a seal assembler certified by Ashcroft Inc. Refer to section
3.3 for a cautionary note about not applying torque on either
the instrument or seal relative to the other.
7.3 Operation All Ashcroft diaphragm seals, with the
exception of Type 310 mini-seals, are continuous duty.
Should the pressure instrument fail, or be removed accidentally or deliberately, the diaphragm will seat against a matching surface preventing damage to the diaphragm or leakage
of the process fluid.
7.4 Maintenance Clamp type diaphragm seals Types
100, 200 and 300 allow for replacement of the diaphragm
or diaphragm capsule, if that ever becomes necessary. The
Type 200 top housing must also be replaced with the diaphragm. With all three types the clamping arrangement allows
field disassembly to permit cleaning of the seal interior.
7.5 Failures Diaphragm failures are generally caused by

9.0 TEST EQUIPMENT & TOOL KITS

See our website www.ashcroft.com for more details
9.1 Pressure Instrument Testing Equipment
Type 1305D Deadweight Tester
Type 1327D Pressure Gauge Comparator
Type 1327CM Precision Gauge Comparator
9.2 Tools & Tool Kits For Recalibration of 412 and
Larger Gauges
Type 2505 universal carrying case for 1082 test gauge
Type 266A132-01 span wrench for 1082 test gauge
Type 1281 socket O-Ring kit for 1279/1379 lower connect
Type 1285 412 ring wrench for 1279/1379 lower & back
connect
Type 1286 6 ring wrench for 1379 lower & back connect
Type 3220 pointer puller (all gauges except 1009
Duralife)
Type 3530 pinion back-up tool for 1009 Duralife
Type 3220 Handjack set
Type 1105 Tool Kit
9.3 Kits to Convert a Dry Gauge to a Liquid Filled or
Weather Proof Case Gauge
Type 1280 conversion kit for 412 lower connect
1279/1379
Type 1283 conversion kit for 412 back connect
1279/1379
Type 1284 conversion kit for 6 lower & back connect

TYPE 1105
TOOL KIT

TYPE 3220
HAND JACK SET

9.4 212 &312 1009 Duralife Gauge Tools

Part No.

Description
Pointer Puller Screw/Pin(2)(3)(4)

112A381-01

Pointer Puller Body(2)(3)(4)

292A133-01

(2)(4)

Pointer Staker

188A101-01

Span Wrench(2)(5) (to adjust span)

266A137-01

Ring Wrench 312(1)(5) (for ring removal) (35 1009)

266B134-01

Ring Wrench 212(1)(5) (for ring removal) (25 1009)

266B135-01

Nest 212 & 312(1)(5) (to hold gauge for ring removal) (25/35 1009)

266B136-01

Ring Removal Tool(6) (25 1009)

101B221-02

Ring Removal Tool(6) (35 1009)

101B221-01

Nest 212(6) (to hold gauge for ring removal) (25 1009)

101B220-02

Nest 312(6) (to hold gauge for ring removal) (35 1009)

101B220-01

Type 1230 throttle plug insertion (14 NPT) for 1009 Duralife)

1230

Type 1231 throttle plug insertion ( 2 NPT) for 1009 Duralife (body only)
Tool to open orifice on push-in throttle plug
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(6)

1231
101A206-01

Formerly 1206T Tool Kit.

Formerly some parts in 1205T Tool Kit.
Both parts must be purchased together.
Previous and current design.
Previous design only.
Current design only.

RING WRENCH
266B134-01

RING REMOVAL TOOL

101B221-01
NEST
101B220-02

RING REMOVAL TOOL

101B221-02

NEST
266B136-01

POINTER STAKER
188A101-01

POINTER PULLER
SCREW/PIN 112A381-01
and

RING
WRENCH
266B135-01

POINTER PULLER BODY

292A133-01

NEST
101B220-01

SPAN WRENCH
266A137-01

10

ASHCROFT Type 1188 Bellows Gauge

Calibration Procedure

CALIBRATION & TROUBLE

CORRECTION DIAGRAM

RANGE SPAN ADJUSTMENT

RANGE TOO SHORT

Adjust slide S inward

POINTER JUMPING

STICKY PARTS
Clean all bearings
and gear teeth

RANGE TOO LONG

Adjust slide S outward

NOTE: After adjusting range span, set both movement stops.

Set the underload stop so that the pointer will stop at
zero. Set the overload stop so that the pointer will pass
the maximum range approximately 5.
NOTE: After adjusting span re-zero pointer by removing from
pinion and re-assembling at the proper dial mark.

LOOSE HAIRSPRING
Remove backlash by
disengaging pinion &
rotate to tighten

COUNTER BALANCE
RUBBING
Bend if necessary to
clear socket in travel

SLUGGISH MOVEMENT

TIGHT HAIRSPRING
Loosen by disengaging pinion & rotate
NON LINEAR

NON LINEAR
FIRST 3RD.

NON LINEAR
LAST 3RD.

ADJ. ANGLE OF PULL

BY INCREASING ANGLE A

ADJ. ANGLE OF PULL

BY DECREASING ANGLE A

NOTE: To increase or decrease angle A, bend tip inward or outward as

required. Doing this may run the movement segment off the pinion. This can be corrected by cutting off one end off the link E
decreasing its length, or makin a new length from .032 dia. phos.
bronze wire.
Caution: When reproducing link end, follow figure 44 very closely.
this will prevent too much play, or, binding in operation.
OVERLOAD
STOP

REF: Replacing System Bellows

After assembling bellows to the gauge socket securely, subject system to 30 psi for five minutes, allowing bellows to travel approximately 1/8 against the overload stop. After this, heat treat system for
15 hours at 250F, this procedure is necssary to prevent gauge drift.

UNDERLOAD
STOP

SLIDE AND LINK (angle A)

Enlarged view of slide and link

60

E (LINK)

.020 R

1/8

S (SLIDE)

STOP LOCKING
SCREWS

Ashcroft Inc., 250 E. Main St., Stratford, CT 06614-5145, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax: 203-385-0499, www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. I&M008-10173-3/10 (1188)

11

ASHCROFT Previous Type 1009 Duralife

Calibration Procedure Vacuum Range

1. Remove ring, window and gasket pointer.

15. recheck accuracy at 15 and 25 Hg vac. (Figure 2).

2. Using a pencil, refer to dial and mark the 0 and

25 Hg positions on the case flange.

16. Reassemble window, gasket and ring.

3. Remove dial.

Figure 2

4. Apply 25 Hg vac.
5. Lightly press pointer onto pinion carefully aligning it
with the 25 Hg vac. mark on the flange.

15

6. Release vacuum fully.

7. Note agreement of pointer to zero mark on flange.
8. If span is high or low, turn span block as shown in
Figure 1.

25

Pencil Marks on Case Flange

Figure 1

25

Notes: See page 10 for any tools required to calibrate.

Span Block

For model s pr oduced pr i or t o

Sept ember 2008 f or 2 12 ver si on and
December 2008 f or 3 12 ver si on.
Back of gauge will have a date code sticker.

0
Increase

Decrease

7/64 Open
End Wrench

9. Repeat steps 4 through 8 until span is correct.

10. Remove pointer.
11. With 25 Hg vac applied, reassemble dial, dial screws
(finger tight) and point.
12. Apply 15 Hg vac. and note accuracy of indication.
If required, slide dial left or right to reduce error to 1%
maximum.
13. Firmly tighten dial screws.
14. Firmly tap pointer onto pinion.

2010 Ashcroft Inc., 250 East Main Street, Stratford, CT 06614-5145, USA, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax: 203-385-0499, www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. I&M008-10077 9/01 AMR 05/10

12

ASHCROFT Previous Type 1009 Duralife

Calibration Procedure Pressure Range

Step 1. With the dial off, install pointer at 9 oclock lightly,

Figure 3.

Step 5. Install pointer centered in zero box, Figure 4.

Step 6. Go to full scale pressurecheck that pointer is
within 1% of full scale mark. If not, remove pointer
and dial and return to step 1, Figure 4.

Figure 3

Start Point

Step 7. Go to mid-scale pressurerotate dial until midscale mark is aligned with pointer, Figure 4.
Step 8. Tighten dials screws and stake on pointer.
Step 9. Check zero and full scale. Reassemble window,
gasket and ring.
Notes: See page 10 for any tools required to calibrate.
For model s pr oduced pr i or t o
Sept ember 2008 f or 2 12 ver si on and
December 2008 f or 3 12 ver si on.
Back of gauge will have a date code sticker.
Span Block

Span
Decrease

Increase

Step 2. Go to full scale pressurerotate span block with

tool until pointer rests at 6 oclock.
Step 3. Go to zero pressure (9 oclock)if pointer has not
moved away from start point, go to Step 4. If pointer
has moved, repeat Step 1 until span is correct.
Step 4. Install dial with screws snug.

Figure 4

Mid Scale Mark

Full Scale Mark

Dial Screws
Zero Box

2010 Ashcroft Inc., 250 East Main Street, Stratford, CT 06614-5145, USA, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax: 203-385-0499, www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. I&M008-10077 9/01 AMR 05/10

13

ASHCROFT Current Type 1009 Duralife

Calibration Procedure Pressure and
Vacuum Range
Calibration 1009 Duralife Gauge
Inspect gauge for accuracy. At times gauges are simply
off zero and opening the ventable plug at the top of the
gauge will relieve internal gauge pressure and correct the
offset. If this is not adequate and inspection shows that
the gauge warrants recalibration to correct zero, span
and/or linearity errors, proceed as follows:
Remove ring, window, and gasket using Ashcroft Ring
Removal Tools P/N 101B220-02 and 101B221-02 for 2
gauges and 101B220-01 and 101B221-01 for 3 gauges.

VACUUM
15

25

PRESSURE

Mid-scale mark

Zero adjust
Dial screw

50

10

3. Vent to 0 pressure and check pointer position in the

zero box. If error exceeds 1% rotate the black span
adjustment device with a #0 square drive bit.
Clockwise rotation moves pointer clockwise, counterclockwise rotation moves the pointer counterclockwise.
4. Repeat step 1 and 2 until 0 and 25 inches of Hg are
within gauge tolerance.
5. Apply 15 inches Hg vacuum. If gauge is within 1%,
calibration is complete. If not loosen the dial screw
and rotate dial left or right to adjust midpoint.
Retighten dial screw.
6. If an adjustment was made in step 4, recheck the
gauge at zero and 25 inches of Hg vacuum, adjust
accordingly until zero, 15 and 25 inches Hg are in tolerance.
7. Continue below.
Re-assemble window and ring to gauge:
a. If plastic window is used, push window back into front
of gauge, ensure the o-ring does not roll out of window groove (lubricate if necessary). Align the tabs of
the window with the tabs of the case front. Once window is in place, install ring and tighten with tools referenced above and shown on page 10.
b If safety glass is used, reinstall window, gasket, and
ring. Ensure that the gasket is seated properly under
all four tabs of the ring and does not wrinkle when ring
is tightened.
Note: Tighten ring: Apply 120-200inlb of torque. Rotate
ring clockwise to tighten. Warning: over tightening of safety glass may induce cracking.

0
Full scale mark

Zero box

Zero box

Span adjust
Dial screw

Positive Pressure Ranges

1. Adjust pointer with a slotted screwdriver until it is in the
center of the zero box. This is often all that is required
it correct calibration issues.
2. Apply full scale pressure. If error exceeds 1% rotate
the black span adjustment device with a #0 square
drive bit. Clockwise increases span, counterclockwise
decrease span.
3. Fully exhaust pressure and check that pointer still is
still in the zero box. If not, repeat step 1 and 2
4. Once 0 and full scale are within tolerance, pressurize
gauge to mid-scale.
5. If gauge is within 1%, calibration is complete. If not
loosen the dial screw and rotate dial left or right to
adjust midpoint. Retighten dial screw.
6. If an adjustment was made in step 5, recheck the
gauge at zero and full scale, adjust accordingly until
zero, mid and full scale points are in tolerance.
Vacuum Range
1. Adjust pointer with a slotted screwdriver until it is in
the center of the zero box. This is often all that is
required it correct calibration issues.
2. Apply 25 inches Hg vacuum. If the error exceeds 1%
adjust pointer with a slotted screwdriver until gauge is
within tolerance.

Notes: See page 10 for any tools required to calibrate.

For model s pr oduced af t er

Sept ember 2008 f or 2 12 ver si on and
December 2008 f or 3 12 ver si on.
Back of gauge will have a date code sticker.

2010 Ashcroft Inc., 250 East Main Street, Stratford, CT 06614-5145, USA, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax: 203-385-0499, www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. I&M008-10081-05/10 AMR 05/10

14

Type 1279 & 1379 Solid Front Duragauge

Pressure Gauge Liquid Fill Conversion
Instructions

TYPICAL 45-1279_S-04L-100* GAUGE

SHOWN WITH KIT 101A202-01

O Ring

Acrylic Window

Elastomeric Diaphragm
with Integral O Ring

Threaded Ring

1279

Rear Cover

1379

412 LOWER 412 BACK 412 LOWER 412 BACK 6 LOWER & BACK
KIT PART NO. 101A202-01 101A203-01

1280

1283

1284

1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1

1
1
2(1-LC:1-BC)
2(1-LC:1-BC)
2
1
1
1

QUANTITY INCLUDED

ACRYLIC WINDOW
FRONT O-RING
DIAPHRAGM(1)
REAR COVER
COVER SCREWS
THROTTLE SCREWS
GARTER SPRING
FILL IDENTIFICATION
THREADED RING

1
1
1
1
4
2

1
1
1
1
4
2
1
1

1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1

1. When Halocarbon fill is a requirement, rear case diaphragm bladder material is Viton
instead of the standard Buna diaphragm bladder. Consult factory for part number.

Weatherproof
Hermetically Sealed
Glycerin Filled
Silicone Filled

Ambient
Temp. Limits
F
C
50/150
45/65
10/125
25/50
0/150
30/65
50/150
45/65

1. Unscrew front threaded ring (turn CCW).

Remove and discard glass window. For
range spans 60 psi and under, shift pointer down scale by the amount shown in the
table. With either the glass or plastic window, replace the O-ring with one furnished
in the kit.
2. Remove protective paper from acrylic
plastic window taking care not to scratch
window. Assemble window in gauge.
3. Moisten face of threaded ring with silicone
oil or silicone grease where ring bears up
against window. Replace front threaded
ring and tighten firmly hand tight. See
instructions on reverse side for applying
proper torque to ring to establish desired
squeeze on O-ring seal. (Fig. 4).
It is important to hold gauge rigidly, otherwise ring lugs may be damaged during
removal or assembly process.
4. From rear of gauge, remove and discard
these parts: rear cover and cover gaskets

60 psi andUnder
Down Scale Zero
Shift Required
N/A
N/A
.15 psi
.12 psi

from case.
Note: Disregard Step Nos. 5a and 5b if
converting to hermetically sealed version.
When converting a 45-1379 with the top fill
hole configuration, p/n 256A176-01 fill plug
is required and must be ordered separately.
5. Filling Procedures:
a. Manual Filling Procedure: Place
gauge face down on bench and tip
gauge by blocking up front with a 38
inch block at the 12 oclock dial position. Tipping of the gauge is necessary
so fluid will flow into front cavity of the
case. Pour in fill liquid to within about
116 inch of rear seal lip. When bubbles
stop rising, front cavity is filled.
Remove 38 inch block and pour in liquid until level is about 116 inch below
rear sealing lip.
Note: An alternative method of filling is
to fill the front dial cavity, adding the
front window, etc., as in Step No. 3.

2007 Ashcroft Inc., 250 East Main Street, Stratford, CT 06614 USA, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax 203-385-0402 www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. All rights reserved. I&M008-10090 (84B276) Rev 02/12

15

Then fill the rear of the gauge. This

method eliminates the need to tip the
gauge.
b. Vacuum Pump Fill Procedure: (This
procedure is recommended when filling a large number of gauges.) Place
gauge face down and insert a 18 inch
diameter tube, connected to a vacuum
pump, through the 12 oclock position
hole in the rear, solid front portion of
the case (see Fig. 5). Evacuate the air
from the front dial cavity while pouring
in the fill fluid through the case back.
The vacuum will displace the air with
fluid. When the dial cavity is solidly
filled, remove the tubing and continue
to pour the fill fluid to within 116 inch
BELOW the O-ring channel lip.
Pre-measuring fill amount is not necessary with above methods. For reference, amount of fill is approximately
400 ml. or 14 fluid oz. (412 GA.) and
455 ml. or 16 fluid oz. (6 GA.).
c. Note: The liquid fill level should be 38
(18) as measured from the inside of
the ring at the 12:00 oclock position.
6. On lower connection gauges, assemble
rear seal diaphragm to case.
For back connection gauges see instructions on reverse side. (Fig. 2/4).
7. For 1279:
Assemble rear cover and six self tapping
screws in a criss-cross pattern and torque
to 12 in lbs. (2 in lbs.)
For 1379:
- Thread rear ring and torque to 200 in lbs
- Install stainless steel back cover using
two screws. Torque screws to 14 in lbs.
(2 in lbs.)
8. Assemble throttle screw to threaded hole
in socket.
Note: If system is monel (socket wrench
flat stamped PHS or PH) use monel
throttle screw.
9. Check appropriate box on fill identification
label, and peel off label back, and attach
fill label to gauge case.
10. If gauge is to be repackaged:
a. Include enclosed instruction sheet
inside carton.
b. Change type number on carton label to:
(1) Hermetically Sealed 1279(*)SH.
(2) Liquid Filled 1279(*)SL.
*Bourdon Tube System Code

Glycerin or silicone should not be used in

applications involving Oxygen, Chlorine, Nitric
Acid, Hydrogen Peroxide or other strong oxidizing agents, because of danger of spontaneous chemical reaction, ignition or explosion.
Halocarbon should be specified. Products
with this fill can be ordered from factory.
The use of fluids other than those listed in the
table above (for example, Hydrocarbon-based
oils) may result in leakage caused by a reaction between the fluid and the elastomeric
seals. Consult the factory before filling with
any other fluid.

Type 1279 & 1379 Solid Front Duragauge

Pressure Gauge Liquid Fill Conversion
Instructions
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USING CONE
TOOL AND RING WRENCH

BACK CONNECTION ASSEMBLED GAUGE

Fig. 2
REAR COVER

Garter Spring & Diaphragm Assembly

(Back Connection Gauge Only)

DIAPHRAGM

A. Place cone tool over socket shank as shown.

B. Moisten lip of socket and outer O-ring surface
with silicone oil or grease.
C. Place diaphragm with rib side facing upward over
cone into case grove.
Diaphragm O-ring must be completely in socketshank grove.
D. Place garter spring over cone as shown and slide
onto diaphragm in socket grove
E. Assemble rear cover with screws per step 7.

GARTER SPRING
CASE

Fig. 3

Fig. 3

Fig. 4

Front Ring Assembly (All Gauges)

A. Assemble ring to case by hand to start.
B. Place ring on wrench as shown
C. Use 12 drive extension and torque ring to 200 in. lb
Alternate Method
A. Tighten ring snugly by hand
B. Mark case and ring.
C. Turn ring another 100 to 120 degrees (slightly
less than 12 turn) using the ring wrench and 12
drive socket wrench or place the blunt end of a
wooden or plastic dowel against a ring lug and
tap with a hammer.

INSTRUCTIONS FOR LIQUID FILLING

ASHCROFT TYPE1279 AND 1379
SOLID FRONT DURAGAUGE
PRESSURE GAUGES USING A
VACUUM PUMP

Fig. 5

A. Insert a length of 18 diameter tubing through

the 12 oclock position hole in the rear, solid
front portion of the case, as shown.
B. Evacuate the air from the front dial cavity while
pouring in the fill fluid through the case back.
The vacuum will displace the air with fluid.*
C. When the dial cavity is solidly filled, remove the
tubing and continue to pour the fill fluid to within 116 below the o-ring channel lip, as shown.
D. When converting a 45-1379 with the top fill hole
configuration, p/n 256A176-01 fill plug is
required and must be ordered separately.
*To prevent breakage, reduce vacuum to 15 in.
Hg for plain glass and safety glass.

VACUUM
TRAP

18 TUBING

DIAL

2007 Ashcroft Inc., 250 East Main Street, Stratford, CT 06614 USA, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax 203-385-0402 www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. All rights reserved. I&M008-10090 (84B276) Rev 02/12

16

VACUUM
PUMP

ASHCROFT Type 1082 Test Gauge

Calibration Procedure Pressure Range

I NSTRUCTI ONS FOR USE OF EXTERNAL

EASY ZERO ADJUST FEATURE*

Fi g. 1

RING
1. LOOSEN RING-LOCKING SCREW A.
2. OBTAIN REQUIRED ADJUSTMENT BY
ROTATING KNOB B CLOCKWISE OR
COUNTER-CLOCKWISE.
3. TIGHTEN SCREW A DOWN ON KNOB B.
*Applicable only for test gauge with hinged
ring design.

ADDI TI ONAL
CALI BRATI ON I NSTRUCTI ONS
1) Standards shall have nominal errors no greater than
1
4 of these permitted for the gauge being tested.
(Ref: ASME B40=100-1998)
2) The instrument used as the calibration standard
should have a maximum range no greater than 2x
that of the gauge being tested. (i.e. Do not use a
400psi standard to test a 15psi gauge.)
3) Known pressure shall be applied at each test point
on increasing pressure (or vacuum) from one end to
the other end of the scale. At each test point the
gauge shall be . . .
lightly tapped, and then read . . .
(Ref: ASME B40.1 6.2.4.1)
4) To read gauge indication, move eye over red pointer
tip at OD of printed dial until red reflection in mirror
band is no longer visible, and then read the pointer
position in reference to the dial.

Ashcroft Inc., 250 E. Main St., Stratford, CT 06614-5145, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax: 203-385-0499, www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. I&M008-10082 11/01 RevB (250-2917-4) AMR 10/07

17

Installation and MaintenanceInstructions for

ASHCROFT Type 1082 Test Gauge
Calibration Procedure Pressure Range
THIS TEST GAUGE IS PROVIDED WITH A MICROSPAN ADJUSTMENT
TO SIMPLIFY CALIBRATION. THE FLOW CHART BELOW OUTLINES THE
RECOMMENDED CALIBRATION PROCEDURE

Fi g. 2

CENTER DIAL
OVER PINION

SET POINTER
AT 0%

GO TO
100%

>0.2 <1.5%

MICROMETER
SPAN

CHECK
ACCURACY

>1.5%
COARSE
SPAN

<0.2%
MICRO
SPAN

COARSE
SPAN

SET POINTER
AT 100%

SET POINTER
AT 100%

GO TO
0%

GO TO
0%

MICRO
SPAN

>0.2%

CHECK
ACCURACY

GO TO
0%

<0.2%

<0.2%

CHECK
ACCURACY

COARSE
SPAN

>1.5%

>0.2<1.5%

COARSE
LINEARITY
ROTATE MOVEMENT
COUNTER-CLOCKWISE
TO REDUCE READING
AT MIDSCALE

SET POINTER
AT 0%

GO TO
50%

GO TO
0%
NOTE
ROTATE
MOVEMENT

CHECK
ACCURACY

>1.5%

<0.2%

GO TO
100%

>0.2<1.5%
COARSE SPAN
ADJUSTMENT
LOOSEN TWO SCREWS

CHECK
ACCURACY

>1.5%

<0.2%

MOVE SLIDE INWARD

TO INCREASE SPAN
(.004 IN. APPROX. 1%)
TIGHTEN TWO SCREWS

TEMPERATURE
COMPENSATOR
MICROSPAN
ADJUSTMENT
TIGHTEN SCREW TO
INCREASE SPAN
1 TURN APPROX. 12%

< LESS THAN

> GREATER THAN
CHECK
ACCURACY
AT 0-25-50-75-100%

Ashcroft Inc., 250 E. Main St., Stratford, CT 06614-5145, Tel: 203-378-8281, Fax: 203-385-0499, www.ashcroft.com
All sales subject to standard terms and conditions of sale. I&M008-10082 11/01 RevB (250-2917-4) AMR 10/07

18

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Ashcroft Inc.,
250 East Main Street
Stratford, CT 06614-5145
U.S.A.
Tel: 203-378-8281
Fax: 203-385-0408 (Domestic)
Fax: 203-385-0357 (International)
email: info@ashcroft.com
www.ashcroft.com
I&M008-10098-5/02 (250-1353-K) Rev. 01/12

Visit our web site www.ashcroft.com

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