Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila

Intramuros, Maynila
College of Engineering and Technology

Project in Differential Equations

Topic:
Exponential Shift Theorem And
Inverse Differential Operator

Submitted by:
Enriquez, John Christian
Flores, Eiron Ross
Sarmiento, Dominic

Engr. Macarilay

Exponential Shift Theorem

1.

(D3+3D-4) y= 12e2x

m3+3m-4=0
Finding the roots, we get
m=-4, 1
Then yc,
Yc=C1e-4x+C2ex
Then for yp,
(D2+3D-4) y=12e2x
(D2+3D-4) ye-2x=12
Then a=-2,
Where D-a is equal to (D+2),
Then substitute,
(D2+4D+4+3D+6-4) ye-2x=12
(D2+7D+6) ye-2x=12
R(x) =12
m= 0
y e-2x = A
y e-2x= 0
y e-2x= 0
Then substitute the given values,

We get,
6A=12 so A = 2
Yp = 2 e2x
Since y= yc + yp
y= C1e-4x+C2ex+2 e2x
2.
(D+1)2y = 3xe-x
(m+1)2 = 0
m = -1, -1
yc = c1e-x+c2xe-x
(D+1)2yex = 3x
D-a, a= 1 so D= D-1
Then (D-1+1)2yex = 3x
So (D)2yex = 3x
yp: Ax + B
ypI: A
A2 = 3x
A = 3 x
Yp = x 3 x
And y = yc + yp then
Y = c1e-x+c2xe-x +x 3 x

3.

(D-1)2y = ex
(m-1)2= 0

m = 1, 1
yc= c1ex+c2xex
(D-1)2ye-x = 1
D-a, a = -1 so D = D+1
(D+1-1)2ye-x = 1
(D)2ye-x = 1
yp: Ax + B
ypI: A
A2 = 1 then A = 1
Y=c1ex+ c2xex ex
4.

y-4y=8xe2x

(D2-4) y=8xe2x
(D+2)(D-2) y =8xe2x
Finding the roots, we get
m=-2, 2
Then yc,
Yc=C1e-2x+C2e2x
For yp,
(D2-4) ye-2x=8x
Then D-a is equal to (D+2)
Substitute,
(D+2)2-4 ye-2x=8x
Then, upon simplifying the equation we got,
y e-2x(D2+4D)= 8x

Then for yp,

y e-2x: Ax2+Bx
y e-2x: 2Ax+B
y e-2x: 2A
Then substitute, get the values of A and B
2A + 8Ax + 4B = 8x
x: 8A = 8 so, A = 1
c: 2A + 4B = 0 then, B= -1/2
Then,
yp e-2x: x2-(1/2)x
Therefore,
y= C1e-2x+C2e2x+ x2 e2x - (1/2) x e2x
5.

(D-3)2y = e3x
(m-3)2 = 0
m= 3,3
then yc = c1e3x+ c2xe3x
e-exyp(D-3)2=1
D-a, a= -3 so D= D+ 3
e-exyp (D+ 3-3)2=1
e-exyp (D)2=1
yp: Ax + B
yp: A
A2 = 1 then A = 1
Y=c1e3x+ c2xe3x e-3x

6.

(D2 - D - 2) y = 18xe-x

For yc,
m=2,-1
yc =C1e2x+C2e-x
For yp,
ex yp(D2 - D - 2) = 18x
Then D-a is equal to (D-1)
Then substitute to the equation
Upon simplifying the equation we get,
ex yp(D2 3D) = 18x
ex yp: Ax + B
ex yp: A
ex yp: 0
Then substitute to the yp equation,
ex yp(0 3A) = 18x
A= -6x
Yp=-6x2
Therefore,
Y= C1e2x+C2e-x-6x2
7.

YII + 2yI + 4 = 48e-xcos4x

(m2+2m+10)y = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = -1, -1
Then yc,
yc= c1e-x+c2xe-x
For yp,
yp: (m2+2m+10)yex = 48cos4x
Then D a, a= 1 so D= D-1
exy((D-1)2+2(D-1)+1) + 48cos4x
exy(D2) = 48cos4x
R(x) = 48cos4x
Y = Acos4x + Bsin4x
YI = -4Asin4x + 4Bcos4x
YII = -16Acos4x-16Bsin4x
Then substitute to the equation
Upon simplifying the equation we get,
-16Acos4x-16Bsin4x = 48cos4x + 0
Cos4x: -16A=48
A = -3
Sin4x: -16B = 0
B=0
Then,

Exyp= Acos4x
Exyp=-3cos4x
Yp= -3cos4xe-x
Therefore,
Y = c1e-x+c2xe-x-3cos4xe-x
8.
(D2+4D+5)y = 50x+13e3x
m2+4m+5= 0
Finding the roots, we get
m= -2j
Then yc,
yc = c1e-2xcosx+c2e-2xsinx
Then yp,
mI = 0,0,3
yp = A+Bx+Ee3x
ypI = B+3Ee3x
ypII = 9Ee3x
Then substitute to the equation
Upon simplifying the equation we get,
9Ee3x+4B+12Ee3x+ 5A+5Bx+5Ee3x
e3x : 9E+12E+5E = 13
E=

x : 5B = 50x
B = 10
C : 4B = 5A
A=8
A+Bx+Ee3x
Then yp
yp = 8+10x+1/2e3x
Therefore
Y= c1e-2xcosx+c2e-2xsinx+8+10x+1/2e3x
9.
D(D+1)2y = e-x
m(m+1)2 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m= -1 , 0, -1
then yc is
yc = c1e-x + c2xe-x + c3
D(D+1)2yex =1
Then D a, a= 1 so D= D-1
(D-1)(D)2 yex=1
yp = Ax2+Bx+C
ypI = 2Ax + B
ypII = 2A

ypIII= 2
2-2A = 1
A= 1/2
exyp = Ax2
yp= (x2e-x)/2
y = c1e-x + c2xe-x + c3 +(x2e-x)/2
10.

(D2-D-2)y = 36xe2x

M2-m-2=0
M= -1 , 2
Yc=C1e-x+C2e2x
(D2-D-2)y e-2x= 36x
Yp: A + Bx + Ex2
Yp: B + 2Ex
Yp: 2Ex
Then substitute,
We get,
2E B 2Ex 2A 2Bx 2Ex2 = 36x
X2: E = 0
X1: 2E 2B =36, B = -18
C: -B + 2E 2A = 0, A= -9

Y= C1e-x+C2e2x-9e-2X-18e-2X

Inverse Differential Operator

1. y(y (D4+D3-6D2-4D+8) = 32x3
m4+m3-6m2-4m+8 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = 1, -2, 2, -2
Then yc,

yc = c1ex+c2e-2x+c3xe-2x+c4e2x
32x4 (8-4D-6D2+D3+D4) =
4x4+8x3+48x2+72x+90
division
Then yp,
Yp= 4x4+8x3+48x2+72x+90
Therefore
Y = yp + yc
Y = c1ex+c2e-2x+c3xe2x
+c4e2x+4x4+8x3+48x2+72x+90
2. (D2-2D+5)y = excos2x
m2-2m+5 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m= 12i

Then yc,
yc = c1excos2x + c2exsin2x
Then yp,
yp: | excos2x / (D2-2D+5)|
Then
D-a, a=1 so D-1 = D

: by long

yp: ex| cos2x / ((D-1)2-2(D-1)+5)|D= 2i

yp: ex| cos2x / (D2-4D+8)|D= 2i
yp: ex| cos2x / (4-4(2i)|D= 2i
yp: ex| cos2x / (4-4D)|D= 2i
yp: -x excos2x / 4
Therefore
Y = yp + y c
y = c1excos2x + c2exsin2x-xexcos2x / 4
3. (D4-18D2+81)y = 36eex
m4-18m2+81 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m= 3, 3, -3, -3

Then yc,
yc= c1e3x+c2xe3x+c3e-3x+c4xe-3x
Then yp,
yp: | 36eex / (D4-18D2+81)|D= 3
yp: | 36eex / (81-162+81)|D= 3
Yp; 36eex / 0
ypI: x| 36eex / (4D3-36D)|D= 3

YpI; 36xeex / 0
ypII: x2| 36eex / (12D2-36)|D= 3
ypII; 36x2eex/72 = x2eex/2
Therefore yp
yp = x2eex/2
Then
Y = yp + y c
y = c1e3x+c2xe3x+c3e-3x+c4xe-3x+ x2eex/2
4. (D2(D-2)3y) = 48e2x
m2(m-2)3 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = 0, 0, 2, 2, 2
Then yc,
yc = C1+C2x+C3xe2x+C4x2e2x
Then yp,
yp: | 48e2x / D2(D-3)3|D= 2
Yp; 48xeex / 0
ypI: | 48e2x / (D5-6D4+12D3-8D2)|D= 2
ypI: | 48e2x / 0 |
ypI: x| 48e2x / (5D4-24D3+36D2-16D)|D= 2
ypI: x| 48e2x / 0 |

ypII: x2 | 48e2x / (20D3-72D2+72D-16)|D= 2

ypII: x2 | 48e2x / 0|
ypIII: x3 | 48e2x / 60D2-144D+72 |

D= 2

ypIII: x3 | 48e2x / 24 |
ypIII: x3 (2e2x)
Therefore yp
yp= 2x3e2x
Then
y = yc + y p
y = C1 + C2x + C3xe2x + C4x2e2x + 2x3e2x

5. (D2+36)y = cos6x
m2+36 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = 6, -6
Then yc,
yc = C1e6x + C2e-6x
Then yp,
yp = |cos6x / D2+36|
yp = |cos6x / 0 |

D= + 6j

ypI: x| cos6x / (2D)|D= + 6j

ypI: [x| cos6x / (2D)|][ D/D ]
ypI: x| Dcos6x / (2D2)| D= + 6j
ypI: -6xcos6x / -72
Therefore yp,
ypI: xcos6x / 12
Then
y = yc + y p
y = C1e6x + C2e-6x + xcos6x / 12

6.

(D2+3D-4)y = 12e2x

m2+3m-4 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = 1, -4
Then yc,
yc = C1ex + C2e-4x
Then yp,
yp = |12e2x / D2+3D-4|D=2
yp = |12e2x / 6|
yp = 2e2x

Therefore
y = yc + y p
y = C1ex + C2e-4x + 2e2x
7.

(D2+4D-8)y = 20e-4x

m2+4m-8 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = -22 3
Then yc,
yc = C1e-2+2 3

+ C2e-2-2 3

Then yp,
yp = |20e-4x / D2+4D-8|D= -4
yp = |20e-4x / -8|
yp = 5e-4x / -4
Therefore
y = yc + y p
y = C1e-2+2 3

+ C2e-2-2 3

- 5e-4x / -4

8. (2D3+6D2+5D)y = 2e-2xsin2x
2m3+6m2+2m = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m = -3/2 1/2 j , 0

Then yc,
yc = C1 + C2e-3/2xcos1/2 + C3e-3/2xsin1/2
Then yp,
yp = e-2x | 2sin2x / 2D3+6D2+5D |D= -2
yp = e-2x | 2sin2x /
2(D+2)3+6(D+2)2+5(D+2) |
yp = e-2x | 2sin2x / D3+6D2+12D+8 |D= 2j
yp = e-2x | 2sin2x / 2j-24|
yp = e-2x | 2sin2x / 2j-24| 2j= D
yp = e-2x | 2sin2x / D-24|
yp = [e-2x | 2sin2x / D-24|][D+24 / D+24 ]
yp = e-2x | 2Dsin2x + 48sinx/ D2-576| D= 2j
yp = e-2x | 4sin2x + 48sinx/ -580|
Therefore yp,
yp = e-2x [(- sin2x+12sin2x) / 145]
Then
y = yc + y p
y = C1 + C2e-3/2xcos1/2 + C3e-3/2xsin1/2 +
e-2x [(- sin2x+12sin2x) / 145]
9. (4D2+1)y = 35sin3x
4m2+1 = 0

Finding the roots, we get

m=j
Then yc,
yc = C1cos1/2x + C2sin1/2x
Then yp,
yp = |35sin3x / 4D2+1| D= 3j
yp = |35sin3x / -35|
yp = -sin3x
Therefore
y = y c + yp
y = C1cos1/2x + C2sin1/2x-sin3x
10.
(9D2-1)y = ex/3+12ex
9m2-1 = 0
Finding the roots, we get
m= 1/3, -1/3
Then yc,
yc= c1ex/3+c2e-x/3
Then yp,
yp1: |ex/3/(9D2-1)|D= 1/3
yp1: ex/3/0
yp1I: x|ex/3/18D|D=1/3
yp1I: xex/3/6
yp2: |12ex/(9D2-1)|D= 1/3

yp2: 12ex/8 = 3ex/2

yp = (xex/3/6) +3ex/2
Therefore
y = y c + yp
y = c1ex/3+c2e-x/3 +(xex/3/6) + (3ex/2)